JAMES PRESCOTT JOULE was born at Salford, near Manchester, England, on
December 24, 1818. He was the second of five children born to a
wealthy brewery owner. James was educated at home until he was 15. He
then went to work in the family brewery However, he and his older
brother continued their education part-time with private tutors in
Manchester.
From 1834 until 1837, they were taught chemistry, physics, the
scientific method, and mathematics by the famous English chemist John
Dalton. (Like James Joule, Dalton was a Bible-believing Christian.)
James gratefully acknowledged the key role that Dalton played in his
becoming a scientist. 'It was from his instruction that I first formed
a desire to increase my knowledge by original researches', Joule said.
James was educated at home until he was 15. He then went to work in
the family brewery However, he and his older brother continued their
education part-time with private tutors in Manchester.
From 1834 until 1837, they were taught chemistry, physics, the
scientific method, and mathematics by the famous English chemist John
Dalton. (Like James Joule, Dalton was a Bible-believing Christian.)
James gratefully acknowledged the key role that Dalton played in his
becoming a scientist. 'It was from his instruction that I first formed
a desire to increase my knowledge by original researches', Joule said.
When their father became ill, James and his brother took over running
the brewery. James therefore did not have the opportunity to attend
university. However, his great desire was to continue to study
science, so he set up a laboratory in his home and began exper...
... middle of paper ...
...ral and Physical
Sciences, issued in London in 1864. This declaration affirmed their
confidence in the scientific integrity of the Holy Scriptures. The
list included 86 Fellows of the Royal Society.'9 James Joule was among
the more prominent of the scientists who signed the document.
From 1872 onwards, Joule's health deteriorated and he did little
further work. He died at Sale, Cheshire, England, on October 11, 1889.
Joule firmly acknowledged God as Creator. His own words set out the
priorities by which he lived-'After the knowledge of, and obedience
to, the will of God, the next aim must be to know something of His
attributes of wisdom, power and goodness as evidenced by his
handiwork, of God, the next aim must be to know something of His
attributes of wisdom, power and goodness as evidenced by His
handiwork.'
In this essay, the author
Explains that james prescott joule was born at salford, near manchester, england, on december 24, 1818. he was the second of five children born to a wealthy brewery owner.
Narrates how james joule recognized the key role that dalton played in his becoming a scientist. he was educated at home until he was 15.
Explains that james and his brother continued their education part-time with private tutors in manchester. they were taught chemistry, physics, the scientific method, and mathematics by the famous english chemist john dalton.
Narrates how james and his brother set up a laboratory in their home and began experimenting.
Explains james' desire to study science as a natural consequence of his christian faith. joule began experiments involving mechanical work, electricity and heat.
Explains that the amount of heat produced per second in a wire carrying an electric current equals the current (i) squared multiplied by the resistance
Explains that joule's law was published by the royal society in 1843. he calculated the mechanical work needed to produce an equivalent amount of heat and presented his findings to the british association for the advancement of science.
Explains that joule's work was recognized by lord kelvin, who began working with him in 1852. british scientists were reluctant to accept his work, but he patiently persisted.
Explains that joule's findings challenged the caloric theory of heat which most physicists believed in at that time.
Explains that joule's work on the relationship of heat, electricity and mechanical work was largely ignored until 1847, and thomson recognized it.
Explains that joule's work fitted in with the unifying pattern that was beginning to emerge in physics and he enthusiastically endorsed his work.
Explains that the royal society was prepared to give joule another hearing. he read his paper entitled 'on the mechanical equivalent of heat' to the society, with faraday as his sponsor.
Explains that joule became the first scientist to estimate the velocity (speed) of gas molecules in a landmark paper published in 1848.
Explains that joule became president of the british association for the advancement of science in 1872 and 1887. the unit of energy in physics was named the 'joule'.
Analyzes how joule, the accurate and resourceful experimenter with limited training in mathematics, and thomson, a mathematically talented physicist concerned with extending the theory underlying physics complement each other perfectly.
Describes how joule worked with thomson on a number of important experiments to confirm some of the predictions being made in the new discipline of thermodynamics.
Explains that joule thomson's 'joule-thomson effect' provided the basis for the refrigeration industry. he took on the practical role of experimentally investigating theoretical issues raised by thomson.
Opines that joule had earlier made great theoretical contributions in his own right.
Analyzes how joule displayed an amazing clarity in conceiving, executing, and describing his experiments. his original notes were almost clear for publication without subsequent revision.
Describes joule as a sincere christian who believed in god's will and obeyed it. he saw no contradiction between his scientific work and his confidence in the truth of the bible.
Explains that james joule was among the prominent scientists who signed the declaration of students of the natural and physical sciences.
Explains that joule firmly acknowledged god as creator. his words set out the priorities by which he lived.
Goals: more connected through knowledge of God until equipped enough to be called by God; exist in purity and freedom in God’s image
In this essay, the author
Describes the goals of , which are connected through knowledge of god until equipped enough to be called by god; exist in purity and freedom in god’s image
Explains that god allows us to serve forever without impediments from the past, with a free consciousness and clear mind.
Explains that traits wants nothing in return, not even god’s mercy or bliss, burning desire to give god pleasure.
Describes the traits associated with pain and misery, sometimes violent desire, firm intent, superhuman impossible desires, inable to be moderated or quieted.
Describes the reasons why love isn't satisfied, and why so much is kept from us.
Explains how without human effort, love is awakened in the heart and soul.
Analyzes how strong sadness inside, great tensed expectation, anguished soul, heart feels painfully wounded repeatedly, feeling of an arrow going through the heart, strength is nullified; constantly striving for more.
Opines that higher knowledge, sweetness of heart, purity of morals and heart and nobility of the soul, and sublimity of mind and principle of eternal life are the goals.
Explains that sufism is a relatively recent event, starting with people from the east india company.
Explains that sufis were called from the greek word for a sage or from their woolen mantle, which they used to wear in some provinces.
Explains that fundamental tenets are, that nothing exists absolutely but god: that the human soul is a emanation from its essence, and will be finally re-united with it.
Analyzes how the last part of this reading bashes it as not being a real religion.
Explains that legal schols are valued for their ability to explain obscurities in texts, to "illuminate paths, unravel the densely packed and evaluate" judiciously.
Explains that when there is disagreement among sufis, traditionists and scholars, they relegate to the other groups because they value agreemetn and affirmation.
Explains that sufis are united in faith yet are no different than any other human, needing food, sleep and ordinary cares. they have ultimate insight and godly knowledge.
Opines that sufis have experiential knowledge of uprightness, sincerety, avoidance of negative qualities, which is "necessarily greater than legal scholars."
Cautions against criticizing or drone on about someone's spiritual state we don't understand. ignorance leads to a bad end.
Explains that acts of the heart are the highest experiential knowledge. to obtain complete knowledge we must have both inward and outward knowledge, which are completely independent of each other.
Opines that we should not make decisions until we have attained experiential knowledge, because those will be educated decisions.
Opines that anyone can read and translate the texts; god assists those ‘specialists’ with deep understanding. those who are not worthy have ocks on their hearts.
Explains that everone who speaks of utlimate reality differs in their interpretation of it due to the nature of their personal experiences. this enriches the definition of reality.
Explains that there are three types of ilm: legal knowledge that is accessible to all, knowledge just for companions of god, and knowledge reserved for god’s one prophet.
Opines that it is pleasant to practice love, reaping the benefits of being a good caretaker of oneself, and the soul will be protected.
Describes the traits associated with great heights, noble highness, desire to live above, stay up among the spirits, and a sublime love that is higher than anything humanly achievable.
Explains that mysticism is the pursuit of achieving unity with god, also called the other, dvinity, or the spiritual truth.
Explains that the book of flashes was written by abu nasr as-sarraj and is an explanation of what sufism is and how it is practiced.
Explains that traditionists say the meaning of religion is understanding and transmitting god's message by electing knowledgeable scholars to speak the word. they are more passive in that they think instead of act.
Explains that sufis live by the verses in the book of god most high, which call for high morals and noble deeds.
Compares the different faces of experiential knowledge to water in different colored translucent containers. though we have bodily limits, we can understand god through experience, because we cannot have direct encounter as humans.
Explains that a believer is one who sees with the light of god and recognizes god. a mystic can not only see god but finds peace in nothing but god
Presidents are our leaders. When we learn about our presidents, we can learn about how to become better leaders ourselves. We can learn from their accomplishments and failures. Woodrow Wilson was the 28th President of the United States of America. We can learn from Woodrow Wilson by studying his early life and family, his education and early career, his political rise to the presidency, his accomplishments as president, and his life after his presidency.
In this essay, the author
Explains that when we learn about our presidents, we can learn how to become better leaders ourselves. woodrow wilson was the 28th president of the united states of america.
Explains that wilson's early life and family are important because they taught him to care for people and that education is important.
Describes how his education shaped his career before becoming president. he earned a baccalaureate degree at davidson college and princeton university, then went back to school to earn his ph.d.
Explains that wilson won the democratic nomination in 1912 with thomas r. marshall as his vice president. he represented the state of new jersey and ran against theodore roosevelt and william howard taft.
Explains that wilson had many accomplishments as president, including a new law that prohibited child labor, new income taxes, and laws to stop companies from unfair business practices.
Narrates how wilson suffered a stroke at the end of his presidency, which prevented him from doing any serious work. he died on february 3, 1924, in washington d.c.
Opines that woodrow wilson was an amazing president. he had a great education, got lots of degrees, and worked to make peace during his presidency.
	Henry James was one of five children of affulent, eccentric parents. While his birth in 1843 was in New York City, his parents were purposly rootless, and by the age of eighteen he had already crossed the Atlantic six times. He avoided participation in the Civil War because of a poor back and began a role which he would maintain throughout his life and writings, one of a detached observer rather than participant in the American social scene. (Matthiessen 14)
In this essay, the author
Analyzes how post-civil war american literature saw a transition from the prominence of romance to the development of realism.
Explains that henry james was one of five children of affulent, eccentric parents. his parents were purposively rootless, and by the age of eighteen he had already crossed the atlantic six times
Explains that james' writing began when he was twenty-one, in 1864, and continued until 1881. he was extremely popular during this time, especially after publication of a short story, daisy miller.
Analyzes how the years of 1882 to 1895 brought less success for henry james. his novels took on a more political tone.
Analyzes how matthiessen's "major phase" revolves around three novels with which james assured himself a place in american literature.
Analyzes how james' genius was recognized by those who share his craft. his works explore psychological subtlies; he is renown for his use of ambiguity and dramatic characterisation.
Explains that william dean howells, born in 1837, was the son of a printer, and his early life was devoted to the typecast word.
Explains howwells began his career by writing for a number of mid-western newspapers. howell returned to the united states in 1865 and worked for the atlantic monthly until 1881.
Explains how howells began his first true novels based on his travel experiences, which provided the literary basis for his later works that his newspaper poems and serials had not.
Analyzes how howells criticized american morality and ethics but managed to accurately portray life as it happened.
to live in faith, that God will provide as God cares for the birds of
In this essay, the author
Describes how clare, a close friend of st. francis of assisi, lived in the 13th century. her reputation was like that of mother teresa of calcutta.
Narrates how francis' view of society and its social structures was forever altered. he saw that the poor were most harmed by capitalism and urbanization.
Describes how clare heard francis preach detachment from things and money, to live in faith, that god will provide as god cares for the birds of the air.
Describes how clares accepted all things and people as a gift from god. she lived among her community as an equal doing daily works with everyone else.
Narrates how clare suspected a sister was suffering from depression and gave her extra sensitivity and care. the nun was restored to health and peace of heart.
Describes how clare and her communities became known for their care and prayers for people in need.
Narrates how francis, the son of a rich merchant named pietro di bernardone, was very worldly in his early years.
Explains that pope innocent iii approved his way of life, gave him permission to preach on moral topics, and had francis ordained a deacon. the followers increased and were called friars minor by francis.
Narrates how francis founded the poor clares and the third order for lay men and women. he unsuccessfully tried to convert the sultan al-kamil during the fifth crusade.
Describes how francis composed his famous poem, the canticle of brother sun. he was the son of peter bernardone, an italian merchant.
Describes how francis envisioned taking over his cloth business. he longed to become a knight, and after an experience in battle and subsequent imprisonment, francis became ill and his conversion process began.
Describes how francis rebuilt the church after his father was outraged at his behavior and brought him before the bishop of assisi. after hearing the gospel, francis recognized god's will and began a radical penitential movement.
Explains that francis showed a great love for all of creation, and is known for his songs and poetry praising god in creation.
In 1938, he and his father moved in with his aunt who lived in Augusta, Georgia. His Aunt Honey ran a Grambling house, and brothel to make ends meet. James would also earn money by working in the cotton fields, and dancing for the soldiers to help feed a household of 18 people. He also spent time in the church sweeping before every service, so that he could learn to play different tunes on the piano (Brenchley, 2003, DVD).
In this essay, the author
Analyzes how the environment in which james grew up had an impact on his life. segregation affected his moral development.
Opines that if james's parents had been around during his developmental stages, he could have avoided going to prison. he would have received the nurturing a child needs during development.
Explains that freud's studies go further into id, the ego, and the superego.
Explains that james brown was born in 1933 in south carolina. he had to face many obstacles but through determination, he changed his life cycle.
Explains han eysenck's view of personality traits is that they are inherited. he believes that there are two second-order factors extroversion and neuroticism.
Opines that james' personality traits certainly fit that of extroversion. he is expressive, risk-taker, and superego-driven.
When James was 6 he wanted to go to school but fishermen took him as a slave
In this essay, the author
Narrates how james kofi ananan wanted to help non slavery because he didn't want kids to be like him.
Explains that james wanted to get an education and then help kids out of slavery. when he started his charity, james became an advocate for kids around the world.
William James was a philosopher and psychologist but was most well known in the field of Psychology for developing the philosophy of pragmatism, or the Functionalist theory: "Theory of mental life and behavior that is concerned with how an organism uses its perceptual abilities to function in its environment." He was also the first Psychologist to be born in America.
In this essay, the author
Describes william james' philosophy of pragmatism, or the functionalist theory, which is concerned with how an organism uses its perceptual abilities to function in its environment.
Explains that william james was born on january 11, 1842 in new york city. his father was a swednborgian theologian, and one of his brothers was the great novelist henry james.
Describes how william james taught at harvard for thirty-five years, wrote his first (and only) book, had his essays and lectures published in three different books, and wrote a sympathetic psychological account of religious and mystical experiences.
Analyzes how functionalism gave people a new way of thinking about the traditional "branch of philosophy" and labeled it among the laboratory sciences based on experimental method. his essays dealt with his empirical methods of investigation to philosophical and religious issues.
Summarizes william's contributions to the theory of pragmatism, which was first used by an american logician named c. s. peirce.
Explains james grasped the idea of the functionalist theory because he disagreed with wilhelm wundt's "atoms of experience". james believed that our minds are constantly going and that some mental processes are automatic.
Explains that william james was not a follower, but he challenged society's way of popular thinking and made people believe what they thought was right. his discoveries changed psychology and inspired famous people in the sciences.
According to Aristotle “Every art and every scientific inquiry, and similarly every action and purpose, may be said to aim at some good. Hence the good has been well defined as that at which all things aim” (QUOTE BOOK). With various actions, arts and sciences, it follows the ends. With the knowledge of supreme good it is of great importance for the conduct of life, we should aim to be part of the doctrines of faith. As humans our intelligence is the most useful tool given to us by God. Following our internal compass means developing this capacity, not only in the matters of science, but...
In this essay, the author
Explains that moral theology is the study of the 'beginning and the end of a man's moral life' and essentially the analysis of how one should act.
Explains aristotle's view that all art, science, and actions aim at some good, which is of great importance for the conduct of life and the doctrines of faith.
Explains that as people grow, habits begin to develop that represent the best of what it means to be human. aristotle calls these ‘excellences virtues,’ which are to act virtuously, excellently, do things well, and act successfully.
Analyzes how aristotle's belief is that if we drink wine, it would be good to drink neither too much, nor too. he believes we should be moderate in all things.
Explains that moral qualities are destroyed by defect and excess. excess and deficiency of physical exercise destroy strength and health. self-control, courage, and other virtues are also destroyed.
Explains how aristotle's ideas became part of catholic ethical reflection in the thirteenth century, and thomas aquinas' teaching assured him an enduring place.
Analyzes how the vision and teachings of vatican ii bring us a full circle from the new testament and patristiceras, which were marked by vivid awareness of life in christ and his spirit, celebrated in sacrament and shared in the community of faith.
Explains that the scholastics in the new universities of the thirteenth century recaptured for a moment the earlier holistic understanding of christian life, but this never seeped down to the uneducated priesthood and the public at large.
Explains that the curriculum of religious studies developed for the new seminary system but unfortunately separated the study of the moral life from courses on policy. this led the major preoccupations of moralists in the post-tridentate period.
Explains that modern catholic social teachings trace its beginnings to pope leo xiii's writings on christian philosophy, politics, and the social order.