Investigating the Oscillations of a Pendulum
comparative Essay
745 words
Investigating the Oscillations of a Pendulum
Aim: -
To investigate the oscillations of a simple pendulum and find the
value of ‘g’, acceleration due to gravity, in the laboratory.
Apparatus: -
Retort stand with clamp
Pendulum bob
Piece of thread (≈ 110 cm) Stop watch
Two small wooden blocks metre
rule
Hypothesis and Theory:-
In this experiment the set up below is arranged. This is a simple
pendulum system which is a simple harmonic motion. In the figure below
consider a small mass m attached to the end of a length l of wire. The
other end is attached to a fixed point P and the mass oscillates along
the arc. Suppose the mass during the motion at a point B at an
instant, such that OB = y (displacement) and the angle at that moment
is θ to PO. The downward force by the mass is mg so towards O it will
be horizontal component, that is, mg sin θ. The tension T by the
thread is balanced by the vertical component of the force by the bob.
So the only force acting is mg sin θ. Since Force= mass ×
acceleration.
-mg sin θ = ma,
The negative sign indicates that it the direction is towards O.
[IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE] P
[IMAGE]
[IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE] θ
In this essay, the author
- Considers a small mass m attached to the end of an length l of wire.
- Explains that the downward force by the mass is mg so towards o it will be î to po.
- Explains that if î is small, sin = y/l (as the angle in the summary).
- Explains how to plot a graph of t 2 against l and the slope of the graph will be =
- Advises that the length of the thread should be 100 cm. allow the pendulum to swing.
- Explains that the actual value of g is 9.8 m s -2, thus the absolute and percentage error.
- Explains how to evaluate the mean time, t, and periodic time t.
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