Information Systems is an academic study of systems with a specific reference to information and the complementary networks of hardware and software that people and organizations use to collect, filter, process, create and also distribute data. An emphasis is placed on an information system having a definitive boundary, users, processors, storage, inputs, outputs and the aforementioned communication networks
As such, information systems inter-relate with data systems on the one hand and activity systems on the other. An information system is a form of communication system in which data represent and are processed as a form of social memory. An information system can also be considered a semi-formal language which supports human decision making and action. Some authors make a clear distinction between information systems, computer systems, and business processes. Information systems typically include an ICT component but are not purely concerned with ICT, focusing instead on the end use of information technology. Information systems are also different from business processes. Information systems help to control the performance of business processes.
1. Software: The term software refers to computer programs and the manuals (if any) that support them. Computer programs are machine-readable instructions that direct the
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The role of an organizational manager or leader is to focus on fundamentals, what is a priority, and what works. Managers or leaders are also responsible for the focus on long-term issues, and the future of the organization. Managers and leaders are the barometer of the business. What he or she promotes becomes policy. If a manager or a leader promotes a dishonest practice, it becomes policy. If a manager or a leader promotes an unethical practice, it becomes policy. The reverse is also true, if a manager or
Leaders are actively on targeting goals and objectives for the people who work for them. In management, many goals are established by staffs and carried out by the managers themselves. Leaders will act to develop in more creative ways solve the problems; keep on going and with new missions. Managers will continue to do whatever is necessary work to accomplish the tasks and usually to get the job done without taking on too much risk or moving forward. The leader's instinct is to take risks instead and to challenge that task holding back by people and think of new ideas within an organization. Leaders more concerned on relationship between staffs, they promote the good staff, help them to develop, and move forward. Managers assign people, focus on personnel issues; and focus on how the job task get done, how they solve it, and how are they finished. (Rashid A., A., 2007).
Managers have a multitude of formal responsibilities and are accountable for the actions of their employees. Managers must lead and direct an organization through manipulation and deployment of an organization?s resources. People in a management position are expected to carry out specific functions, jobs, and responsibilities; they must influence people, manipulate the environment, money, and time to achieve
Asemi observe that Management Information System (MIS) is one of the information systems that is computer based. Besides, Asemi defines MIS as “an organizational method of providing past, present and project information related to internal operations and external intelligences. It supports the planning, control and operation functions of an organization by furnishing uniform information in the proper time frame to assist the decision makers,” (2011). The aim of MIS is to satisfy the general information need of the entire manager in an organization. Before the advent of computers, the process of decision-making was one that was full of built-in advantages and ad hoc methods. Computers technologies have changed the landscape of the decision-making process completely by making the process less demanding and easy to undertake. The reason for this situation is that information technology has made access to information more automated, efficient, effective, timely, and less ambiguous. Consequently, the ordinary t...
In the business world today, technology is becoming an essential staple. Every big business relies on it one way or another. More importantly than just technology itself, the use of management information systems is what guides a company in terms of catering to its customers and knowing what moves to make next. Management information systems (MIS) can be defined is the study of people, technology, and organizations (What is MIS?). However, that is a very general definition because there is a lot more that comes out of the use of these MIS systems.
Information systems are a vital necessity to healthcare institutions in the United States and other nations with the ominous need to keep up with technology, research, and science in the 21st. Century. Most of healthcare institutions in Africa still depend on physical documentation, written by hand and afterword’s stored in binders locked away in storing facilities. With the growing populace in Africa, gathering information concerning patients health documents is costly, hard to maintain, and unethical. Therefore, in this case scenario I’m going to target my research, in developing countries in Africa in general, who are striving to improve ideal management information system. The goal is to aim efforts to improve public health through enhanced supervision through healthcare information, such the ability to collect, store and analyze accurate health data, service transfer proficiency, improve data accuracy, value of involvement, increase accountability and to learn about trends. The objective of this information system is to record information on health events and check the quality of services at different stages of health care. The data collected will also help to notify forthcoming healthcare policy determinations.
Software - the programs or language that controls the functioning of the hardware. Table of contents - a section on a CD that lists the locations of files to help a computer locate data.
The field of information systems has grown and become more promising than in previous years. This increase demands highly skilled professionals to keep up with the quickly changing world of IS. Looking for a job in the Information Systems field opens the door for many disciplines, each with its significance in the business world. Most businesses need information systems skills to accomplish their goals. There is a wide selection of career options in the field of information systems. There are the technical positions, such as dealing with information management and hardware and software management, and the people-oriented technology positions, such as dealing with the design and operation of Internet applications (“Why Major,” n.d.).
Softwares are instructions, commands, or data that direct the operation of computer systems. Hardware is the physical aspect of computers, telecommunications, and other devices. Hardware such as electronic circuitry and other components of a computer use software or programs to make technology do things. Hardware is permanent and not flexible, while software or programming can easily be varied and modified. You can put an entirely new program in the hardware and make it create an entirely new experience for the user. People can change the modular configurations that most computers come with by adding new adapters or cards that extend the computer's capabilities.
Leadership and management are two words that are commonly mistaken; the relation and the differences between them are often unclear. Leadership can be defined as the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or a set of goals." Managers are there to plan, organize, lead and monitor employees' activities. Leaders also have to be able to guide an organization through change. As we will see later, vision is a crucial component in the success of this task.
Managers are someone who coordinates and overseas the work of other people so organizational goals can be accomplished (Robbins & Coulter,2016). Managers are very important to organization because they need their managerial skills and abilities to get things done. Managers may have the ability to lead an organization but they also require the skills, which is needed daily to be efficient and effective. Management and leadership should have a committed relationship. While managers improve their ability to lead, companies should remember that strong leadership
They also support the decision making process and the development of customer and supplier relations. In addition, information systems are crucial to the efficiency in business operations which is an important aspect in creating a competitive advantage (Kakar, 2016:43).
Investigation of Information Systems 1. Definition of an Information System: An Information System is a combination of hardware, software, people, procedures and data that provides data processing capabilities for a business or organization. More sophisticated information systems provide the decision makers in a business (eg. the executives or managers) with on-demand reports and inquiry capabilities as well as routine periodic reports. 2.
Curtis G. & D. Cobham (2002: 4th edition) Business Information Systems: Analysis, Design and Practice. Essex: Pearson Education Limited
Management role is to provide powerful leadership and define goals and constantly ensure employees commitment to the organization in return the reward employees when targets reached. There is no fundamental conflict between the both sides and when the conflict occurs it presumed as abnormal behavior or an outcome of poor
Hardware and software are what make up computers. Hardware is the physical aspect of a computer. The monitor, mouse, keyboard, and the computer itself would all be hardware. Software is the program that runs on a computer like Apple’s OS X Lion, for example. Software is usually thought of as something involved with computers but it can actually be used on other forms of hardware such as cell phones, GPS devices, or PDAs (Kayne, 2012).