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How are our values influenced by culture
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The main area of study selected for this study is ethics and the application of one of its principles, i.e. values in project management framework and it is evident from the conclusions of different studies used for this paper. All in all, after the comprehensive search results, 48 outcomes were realized and out of these 48 outcomes, only 10 were finally found to be actually relevant to the theme of this study. To facilitate the purpose of this paper, 4 peer reviewed journals were used and included in the final review.
Sidhu, (2012) in Value based leadership and international project management discusses that value is at the core of ethics within the context of project management. He also insists that values are intrinsically specific based on different cultures. Values, as defined by him, are deep rooted beliefs and feelings which hold importance to a personal, society or culture. It can be ascertained that the subject related to values is inherent in fields such as sociology, anthropology and psychology, they are out of the scope of this paper and it is to be noted that values are shaped by external environmental factors as well including but not limited to world events, society and culture. The author further argues that there is a significant role being played by values in the global business landscape as well. In such a scenario, firms are on a continuous lookout for new markets, more production, low cost and more efficiency in producing goods and services. Also, to carry and fulfil the objectives of an organization, a leader is sought who can motivate the team into achieving those objectives (Sidhu, 2012). A leader will have to come across certain value systems through employees or suppliers, etc which will differ from thei...
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...val, 2012). The author merely notes down principles to be followed by a Project manager to successfully implement ethical principles while running a project. However, the author has given general application of ethics in Project Management. The general application of ethics includes fraud in science; data fabrication; data fabrication; plagiarism; falsification and conflict of interest. By using the case study of Innovative mechatronic systems intended to micro-hydro-centrals for efficient exploitation of the hydrologic potential in isolated zones. The case study evaluation also highlighted only general application of ethics in project management including wrong estimation, deliberate wrong statistics, fabrication of results, etc. There is no specific focus on one element of ethics and no contemporary literature has been used to provide evidence to the claims made.
The behaviors addressed in this article are essential in the aspect of ethical decision making in management area.
Crawford (2000) suggests that project leadership is the highest ranking category among project management competence factors. Project management leadership style affects overall project performance. Recent research supports the idea that successful projects are led by individuals who possess not only a blend of technical and management knowledge, but also leadership skills that are internally compatible with the motivation of the project team (Slevin and Pinto, 1988; Turner et al., 1998). Zimmerer and Yasin (1998) found that positive leadership contributed almost 76% to the success of projects. Negative or poor leadership contributed 67% to the failure of projects. Project leaders need both, relationships and task oriented leadership styles, to cope with the challenges within different phases of project (Slevin and Pinto, 1991). In projects, project leaders must lead their teams towards completing defined goals with in a fixed time scale. Verma (1997) states “Achieving the goal or final aim is the ultimate test of leadership”. Goals and tasks are achieved through people thus making people an important resource for
For more than 25 years, The Little Black Book of Project Management has been introducing project managers to the incredibly effective and logical project management skill and methods to help them achieve their goal. This book has been flooded with very nee project management techniques as well as the latest standards of the Project management body of Knowledge (PMBOK) .accepted by PMI (Project Management Institute).
Importance of ethics in the business world is superlative and global. New trends and issues arise on a daily basis which may create an important burden to organizations and end consumers. Nowadays, the need for proper ethical behavior within
Gray, Clifford F.; Larson, Erik W., Project Management – The Managerial Process, Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Values are considered the heart of the organizational culture. They are the driving and organizing the force for the behaviors, in which the individual uses in his assessment of situations and its importance is shown as follows:
The missing element for most corporations with projects that do not succeed, is culture. Establishing a project management culture is extremely complex, and may be undervalued by some. Sharing in a belief, mission, or goal, can certainly be the foundation of building a project management culture. To continue building upon that culture, it is the assignment of the program or project manager to mitigate the complexities of human behavior, in order to reach a collective objective. Richardson (2014) describes culture as: shared, learned and enduring, a powerful influence on behavior, systematic and organized, invisible, and risk-averse or risk-tolerant. Without all of those characteristics, a culture may be lacking in cohesiveness, resulting differently for each individual project.
Project managers working in a global environment must recognize the various ethnic and sociopolitical challenges involved.
Values remind me of ethics and morals, necessary in any walk of life and imperative in the work place. These concepts are guidelines in which employees need to follow to be successful. “Values represent basic convictions that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence.” (Robbins, 136) Integrity, courage, service, wisdom, respect and goal setting are a few of the values that are most crucial to me and what I hope to achieve within any work place setting. Values should be lived every day in the work place and should exemplify the
In engineering you will frequently encounter project management situations when developing ideas. It is important you know why project management is often useful and what responsibilities you have as a project manager. The responsibilities will also extend to controversial topics such as the environment and ethical and moral principles. In this essay I will describe the role of the project manager and their responsibilities.
It is possible to have a singular methodology for project management to specify morality and ethics when dealing with customers. Application of agile project management approaches like Atern offer a more inclusive approach for stakeholders including consistent update and revision of strategies. When the project manager violates protocol, all stakeholders should come together, clarify issues of violation, and set standards for all to follow.
Most organizations run their businesses by the use of projects. What is a project? How can it be defined? What is project management and why has project management become so significant in today’s modern business environment? The purpose of the paper is to consider the why, what, who, when and where today that project management has become so important. Attempt to consider the history of business and project management to find these answers.
Leadership is a complex topic that has been the subject of abundant research and debate, much as has the role of a project manager. While the scope of leadership is too large for the contents of this paper, there are some important leadership skills an effective project manager must possess. According to Anantatmula (2010), “management is concerned with making decisions about process functions in order to improve operational efficiency and effectiveness. Leadership on the other hand, is about motivating and guiding people to realize their potential and achieve tougher and challenging organizational goals.” (p. 14). A project manager’s ability to motivate their people is an important skill to have, and one that is beneficial to the organizations ability to develop their employee’s talents and abilities. Ultimately, this may have more impact on an organization than just the individual project as the employees garner more competency and take that with them to future
An organization is defined by its values. The article reviewed discusses how an organization’s values attracts and motivates employees, suppliers and investors, (Crawford & Scaletta, 2006). The author suggests that in order to be successful an organization would need to employ a value based strategy. The purpose of this paper is to determine the importance values play when developing a business strategy. The author indicates that in order for a business to be successful they need to exemplify their values and incorporate them into their overall business strategy. The article notes that stakeholders want to work with an organization that share their values and if organization does not take this in consideration than their
Sankar, Y. 1988. Organizational culture, values, and ethics.International Journal of Value-Based Management 1 (1): 9-26.