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Impact of adult education in social change
Disadvantages of adult education
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Recommended: Impact of adult education in social change
This research paper focuses upon the professionalization in the area of adult and continuing education. Adult education is an education of adult individuals who are above 18 years of age. For the country to progress economically, socially and politically, it is essential to educate the adults of the country; any attempt made in universalizing the primary education would be a wastage and would cause inefficiency if attempts are not made to expand the literacy programs. Efforts made to increase adult education would have positive consequences for the adults as well as for the nation. Adult education has been seen as a representative for economic development and overall progress of the nation. On the other hand, if the adults of the country …show more content…
Adult Education in India has been utilized to contribute in improving the interactive abilities of these individuals and generation of better employment opportunities for them by improvement of their educational and other kinds of skills such as technical, clerical, soft skills etc. The area of adult education has rendered a significant contribution in the development of academic skills, technical skills, generic skills and other work related skills, which are also termed as soft skills. The programs initiated in rural areas such as the Farmers Training and Functional Literacy Project and the Rural Functional Literacy Program are meant to improve the productivity, skills, knowledge and the agricultural practices. In the generation of employment opportunities and poverty alleviation and in generating income-earning opportunities for the socio-economic backward sections of the society, the contribution of adult education has been recognized to a great extent. Keywords: Adult Education, Programs, Policies, Agencies, Practices, Learning, Adult Learners, Learning Principles, Learning Environment, Teaching Strategies, Employability, Rural Areas, Productivity, Literacy, …show more content…
Adult education should also include other resourcefulness such as health, rights, ICT etc. All these aspects are dependent upon the position of the country in its perspective of advancement. The Belem Framework is concerned with “adult learning and education” as an indispensable component of the right to education; “the entire body of ongoing learning processes, formal or otherwise, whereby people regarded as adults by the society to which they belong develop their abilities, enrich their knowledge, and improve their technical or professional qualifications or turn them in a new direction to meet their own needs and those of their society” (Indian Journal, 2012,
How to attract and retain adult students is an enduring question for providers of adult education. Adult students must juggle competing demands on their time from study, family, work, and other commitments; their learning goals are often different from those of educational institutions and providers; and their needs and aspirations may change during the education process, sometimes as a result of it. This Brief reviews recent research related to adult student recruitment and retention and provides guidelines for recruiting and retaining adult learners.
Adults are self-motivated. They learn best by building on what they already know and when they are actively engaged (Lindeman, 2010). The approach of adult education revolves around non-vocational ideals and is based on experience rather than subjects (Lindeman, 2010). It helps adults gain knowledge about their powers, capacities, and limitations (Funnell et al, 2012).
The literature on learner attrition and on resistance to participation in adult literacy programs suggests that the current delivery system may not be meeting the needs or expectations of many adults. A small but growing body of literature questions whether cultural dissonance between instructors and learners is a factor in learner attrition, and it advocates increasing cultural relevance in literacy practices. Some of the writings also advocate helping learners move toward critical reflection and social action. This Digest explores the poverty-racism-literacy connection, specifically as it relates to adult literacy, the imperative for culturally relevant practices, and the development of critical literacy. Alternative Definitions of Literacy In the prevailing and traditional definition, literacy is regarded as central to helping people obtain and retain employment, which is the key to moving them from dependency toward greater self-sufficiency.
This essay is to consider and discuss how I might apply the theories of Malcolm Knowles, in my own current or future training work. The essay will include a brief biography on Malcolm Knowles, and his theory on adult education / learning andragogy, to include definitions of andragogy and pedagogy, which has been the mainstay of all education theory for hundreds of years.
Hiemstra, R., & Sisco, B. (1990). Moving from pedagogy to andragogy. Foundations of Adult Education: Critical and Contemporary Issues, Retrieved from http://www-distance.syr.edu/literature.html
One theorist that is relevant to this study is Malcolm Knowles’s theory of adult learning. Though Malcom Knowles may not be the first one to introduce adult learning, he was the one that introduced andragogy in North America. (McEwen and Wills 2014). Andragogy means adult learning. The core concept of Knowles’s Adult learning theory is to create a learning environment or awareness for adults to understand why they learn .Knowles developed six main assumptions of adult learners. Those assumptions are the need to know, self- concept, experience, readiness to learn, orientation to learning and motivation. (McEwen and Wills, 2014)
4. Analysis: having been through the adult learning experience I have realised the roll of learner and teacher in this approach. An effective teacher can facilitate the development of independence, self confidence, learning satisfaction and help students (the learner) to critical think. This experience has taught me that there are different styles of learning and teaching that I can adopt in my future. 5.
Teaching the adult student is a great and unique responsibility; Andragogy preaches that teaching the adult learner takes a certain skill set and approach in order to be highly effective. The adult teaching theory and approach is based off the characteristics of the adult student. Andragogy views the adult learner as a very highly motivated student, a student ready and prepared to learn, and a student that comes to class with expectations of learning (Knowles 1984, pg12). With such a capable learner in the classroom the teacher must make the necessary adjustments. When teaching the adult learner, the teacher will have respect for their students and respect the fact that each student will have their own individual learning style. The teacher will also allow the adult student to experie...
The definition of Lifelong Learning in any economy has a direct correlation with the social development of the society in general. In contemporary society, the value and its focus is on the considerations of what is and should be the focus of successful living as an individual throughout the entire lifespan. In today’s context, living and learning now go hand-in-hand as the knowledge required of living and working intensifies, and continuing education, training, and professional development becomes an everyday aspect of an adult
At one point or another in most everyone’s life, they have encountered positive and negative educational experiences. Most everyone I know can recall a favorite teacher that inspired them, as well as a teacher that they didn’t like so much, or maybe it wasn’t the teacher but the environment or delivery that makes educational experiences meaningful and memorable. I too have had these experiences, experiences where the teacher was sweet and kind, ones where the delivery was boring or energetic and ones where the environment created the mood for learning. All of these play into the educational experiences we have. It is the goal of this paper to reflect on an educational experience in which it was not conducive to the adult learner and compare that experience with Knowles’ Assumptions of Adult Learning. I hope to shed light on how adult education can move from the Traditional Learning Context, into the Andragogical context, meeting the needs of adult learners in today’s society.
It is noticeable that the system of education is changing from time to time based on financial issues and how the world is growing. In the past, individuals taught the education system from the oldest member of the family to children, and their members were charging fees from the families that sent their children to them. Which meant that education was an important thing in all ages. Nowadays, the education is shaped to an official system run by professional people in governments and many countries invest high amounts towards education which makes evidence of how important it is in our current life. Every country has a different system of education based on their financial stability, government infrastructure and the standard of the government officials. It is noticeable that there is a big difference between the education in developing countries and the prevailing system in developed countries .In my essay I will discuss some reasons for these differences...
Within the andragogical model described by Knowles, Holton, and Swanson (2015), adults need learning experiences that are different than those found in the pedagogical model. Instead of waiting for experiences that are directed and controlled by a teacher, adults need to have a clear rationale and understanding for the learning, feel past experiences are valuable, and have a developed internal system for motivation in order to help a learning experience be successful. The connection and orientation to the learning task, the readiness to learn, and self-concept are other important ideas to adult learning.
Higher Education (University Level) – It should be provided according to aptitude. That is, if anyone meets the essential education standar...
Education is generally seen as a formal process of instruction, based on a theory of teaching, to impart formal knowledge to one or more students (Cogburn, n.d.). Henceforth, individuals seek to acquire some form of schooling from pre-school through secondary school while others may go on to tertiary to better him or her in some way. A definition of education according to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary is that education is “a process of teaching, training and learning, especially in schools or colleges, to improve knowledge and develop skills.” Where education in the common parlance has become a process of adding layers of one’s store of knowledge, the true aim of education is to call forth that which is essential to the individual (White, 2006). Furthermore, and according to Coombs and Ahmed 1974, education is a continuing process, spanning the years from earliest infancy through adulthood and necessarily involving a great variety of methods and sources. Education also involves inculcating in students distinct bits of knowledge; therefore education is an additive process (White, 2006). It adds to an individual as well as it adds to a country through the individuals who are and would have been or are being educated. According to a study conducted by Olaniyan and Okemakinde 2008, education creates improved citizens and helps to upgrade the general standard of living in a society. Furthermore, education plays a key role in the ability of a developing country to absorb modern technology and to develop the capacity for self-sustaining growth and development (Todaro and Smith, 2012).
Education is the key that allows people to move up in the world, seek better jobs, and ultimately succeed fully in life. Education is very important, and no one should be deprived of it. The right to an education is one of the human natural rights which every person should have from youth to when they are old. Human natural rights are fundamental privileges acquire from the rational nature of man and the natural moral. Right to an education is an inalienable right for it cannot be renounced or transferred because it is necessary for the fulfillment of one’s primitive obligation.