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Abnormal psychology in Hamlet
The psychological approach in the play Hamlet
Hamlet and psychology
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Recommended: Abnormal psychology in Hamlet
William Shakespeare’s tragedy Hamlet is one of the most famous tragedies in all of English Literature. Part of the tragedy in this play revolves around Ophelia and her relationship with Hamlet. The lives of Ophelia and Hamlet separately seem to fit into Aristotle’s definition of tragedy. Even as a couple, because they play off of one another, Aristotle’s definition of tragedy would still qualify. To quote Lee Edwards, a scholar at The Heritage Foundation, “We can imagine Hamlet’s story without Ophelia, but we cannot imagine Ophelia’s story without Hamlet.” Shakespeare often intentionally left the relations and intentions that occur between his characters unknown (Madgaria 28). However, must the role of Ophelia be known in order to have a more …show more content…
Before the roles of Hamlet and Ophelia can be truly understood, one must first look at Shakespeare’s possible intentions when writing the play. Despite the fact that scholars can never know what Shakespeare “meant or intended” by any of his characters or works, context clues lead to various possible opinions. A number of Shakespeare’s plays “seem to have transcended even the category of brilliance, becoming so influential as to profoundly affect the course of Western Literature and culture ever after” (Rosenburg 101). One of the primary goals for tragic plays in Elizabethan times was to arouse pity from the audience (Wagner 94). Shakespeare’s work accomplishes this goal by following the tragic downfall of such an influential figure, while also following the stories of many other characters in the play such as Ophelia, Polonius, Claudius, Laertes, and …show more content…
Laertes and Polonius often caused Ophelia great distress when she was attempting to figure out her feelings towards Hamlet (Neely 320). Ophelia seems to want to express her desires for Hamlet, but the men in her life do not allow her to do so. Throughout the play, Ophelia’s sexuality starts to develop, and by the end of the play she is guilty of belonging to the sphere of complex sexuality (States 126). Her mind is considered by many to be pure and innocent, contrasting that of Hamlet himself (Newell 94). Her desire for romance allows her to be used “as a decoy to enable her father and the King to overhear the conversation” with Hamlet (Madgariga 40). However, her father taught her to repress her desires, because it would be a betrayal to her father and the family (Smith 98). Her role as “the sympathetic portrait of Hamlet” allows her to let her true innocence shine through, despite her madness (Wagner
Often overlooked in Shakespeare’s famous play Hamlet, Shawna Maki analyzes Ophelia’s restricting role as a woman in a patriarchal society and how it essentially leads to her death being the true tragedy of the play. Maki supports this argument by stating, “Whereas Hamlet has the power and potential to change his fate, Ophelia does not and her death is tragic because the only escape she sees from her oppression is madness and death.”. The comparison between Hamlet and Ophelia is a common parallel because both characters are inevitably labeled as tragic deaths due to the quick deterioration of their state of mind.
Ophelia is portrayed as a sensitive, fragile woman. Easily overpowered and controlled by her brother and father, Ophelia is destined to be weak. Ophelia’s brother, Laertes, warns and pushes Ophelia to stay away from Hamlet and is further supported by their father Polonius. “Polonius enters and adds his warning to those of Laertes. He orders Ophelia not to spend time with Hamlet or even talk to him. Ophelia promises to obey” (“Hamlet” 95). Ophelia’s obedience to her father’s directions prove the side she
Ophelia was driven mad by the death of her father Polonius and how Hamlet betrayed her love with his own wave of madness which was just an act. In her madness, Ophelia talks about her father and his death and about the “Tricks in the world” (terrible things that happen to people). Ophelia’s madness was also the extent of her being used by her father so he could spy on Hamlet to see if he was truly crazy and then by Hamlet when he claimed he no longer loved her and that he didn’t send her any letters (remembrances). Ophelia’s speech and her fragments of songs are unsensible. Her song was about her father’s death “He is gone, He is gone” (4.5.220), and a maiden who is tricked into losing her virginity with a false promise of love and the possibility of marriage. “To be your valentine, then up he rose and donned his clothes and duped the chamber door” (4.5.56-58)
As the play opened, Hamlet and Ophelia appeared as lovers experiencing a time of turbulence. Hamlet had just returned home from his schooling in Saxony to find that his mother had quickly remarried her dead husband's brother, and this gravely upset him. Hamlet was sincerely devoted to the idea of bloodline loyalty and sought revenge upon learning that Claudius had killed his father. Ophelia, though it seems her relationship with Hamlet is in either the developmental stage or the finalizing stage, became the prime choice as a lure for Hamlet. Laertes inadvertently opened Ophelia up to this role when he spoke with Ophelia about Hamlet before leaving for France. He allowed Polonius to find out about Hamlet's courtship of Ophelia, which led to Polonius' misguided attempts at taking care of Ophelia and obeying the king's command to find the root of Hamlet's problems. Ophelia, placed in the middle against her wishes, obeyed her father and brother's commands with little disagreement. The only time she argued was when Laertes advised her against making decisions incompatible with the expectations of Elizabethan women. Ophelia tells him, in her boldest lines of the play:
In the play Hamlet, everyone has a role that they must perform.Some characters are meant to push the story forward, and some are meant to make us question the symbolism that they represent. Ophelia plays both of these roles. She pushes the story forward, and she represents many important ideas.Ophelia plays a victimized character; she is the innocent bystander in the play that dies off due to manipulation that leads to her madness. Hamlet, the king, and even her father all use her as a pawn to gain something they want, ignoring whether she wishes to follow along or not. With her death, the significance of her role is seen through the events that transpire. This makes Ophelia one of the importantcatalysts for the end game of Hamlet; her death
Ophelia is a beautiful young woman, easily influenced by the opinions and desires of those superior to her. This simple-mindedness is revealed through her relationships with the men in her life. Ophelia is most molded by her father and brother, Polonius and Laertes, who love her with their own faults. On the other hand, Hamlet manipulates his way into Ophelia’s heart and mind through professions of love. However, Hamlet is a womanizer and believes all women to be the same. This misogynistic perception is reflected in Ophelia and Gertrude’s striking similarities as the only two women in the play. Her lack of self without the dominating figures pulling her in opposite directions leads to her ultimate destruction.
Ophelia and Hamlet are greatly juxtaposed against each other in Hamlet. Ophelias role in the play is the foil to both Hamlet and to her brother Laetres. In the play Ophelia is the catalyst, the means of Laertes and Hamlets actions and she acts like a mirror and enables the audience to view them though a more heroic perspective. Throughout the play, Ophelia sparks events and although she isnt a well developed nor a main character her part in the play is crucial. As the catalyst she causes the battle at the end of the play, as she did persuade revenge on Hamlet by Laertes.
1. Plays have foils to help the audience understand important characters in the play. Foils are minor characters that have similarities and differences with a more important character in the play. Sometimes the minor character is just there for the character to talk to; this is the basis for being a foil. In the play "Hamlet," [Titles] by William Shakespeare, the character Ophelia is a foil to Hamlet.
The story of Hamlet is a morbid tale of tragedy, commitment, and manipulation; this is especially evident within the character of Ophelia. Throughout the play, Ophelia is torn between obeying and following the different commitments that she has to men in her life. She is constantly torn between the choice of obeying the decisions and wishes of her family or that of Hamlet. She is a constant subject of manipulation and brain washing from both her father and brother. Ophelia is not only subject to the torture of others using her for their intentions but she is also susceptible to abuse from Hamlet. Both her father and her brother believe that Hamlet is using her to achieve his own personal goals.
The reader is left guessing on Hamlet’s true feelings for Ophelia through his various insults, sexual innuendos, and admitted desire. Hamlet’s claim, “God hath given you one face, and you / Make yourselves another.” (3.1.155-156) is laced with irony and hypocrisy given Hamlet’s own deception regarding true feelings. This proclamation comes at the end of a lengthy tirade against Ophelia and womankind in general for their conniving deceit leading men astray. The fact that Hamlet cannot see this duplicity in his very own actions shows the double standard he holds for females. Ophelia’s immediate reaction is one of shock and defense due to the aggressive nature of Hamlet’s attack. She calls out “O, woe is me!” (3.1.174) in distress to the ferocity of Hamlet and is unable to form a particularly coherent response akin to the ones seen against Laertes and Polonius. She does show her intelligence and rebellion from this assumption of power by Hamlet in her songs while Hamlet is gone. While many attribute her madness to the death of her father, a large portion of her instability should be attributed to Hamlet and his earlier actions. In her first introduction as insane she sings, “And I a maid at your window, / To be your Valentine. / Then up he rose and donned his clothes / And dropped the chamber door, / Let in the maid, that out a maid / Never departed more.” (4.5.55-60). Due to her references to sexuality and deceit the
All of the male characters in her life control Ophelia. She is inferior to all the men and has to obey them because it is her duty as a woman. The men in the play can easily manipulate her and use her as a pawn in their plots to gain insight about Hamlet. Polonius uses her to gain more affection from the king and to gain more power. Laertes asserts himself and tells her how to behave, and Hamlet shows that she can be easily manipulated. As a woman she is not able to show her emotions or opinions on events in the play. The men dominate her life. Ophelia is a young woman who is portrayed as naïve and easily controlled. Ophelia cannot show her emotions, her opinions, or her desires within the court because it was male dominate.
Melancholy, grief, and madness pervade Shakespeare's great tragedy, Hamlet. The emotional maladies presented within Hamlet, not only allow the audience to sympathize with prince Hamlet, but also with the tragic lady Ophelia as well. It is Ophelia who suffers at her lover's discretion because of decisions she was obligated to make on behalf of her weak societal position.
Sweet and innocent, faithful and obedient, Ophelia is the truly tragic figure in William Shakespeare's Hamlet. "Her nature invites us to pity her misfortune caused not by any of her own self-initiated deeds or strategies"(Lidz 138). Laertes tells us convincingly how young and vulnerable Ophelia is, (act I. iii.10) likening her budding womanhood's destruction from Hamlet to a process as "the canker galls the infants of the spring,/ Too oft before their buttons be disclosed, /And in the morn and liquid dew of youth / Contagious blastments are most imminent". "He advises her to stay away and she lovingly banters back, typically like a young teen, reminding him to act as he advises" (Campbell 104). We then learn more of how pure and innocent she is as her father counsels her (Act I.iii.90). Telling her that she is a "green girl" and to think of herself as "a baby" in this matter, he insists that she must stop seeing him.
In William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Ophelia is the most static character in the play. Instead of changing through the course of the play, she remains suffering in the misfortunes perpetrated upon her. She falls into insanity and dies a tragic death. Ophelia has issues surviving without a male influence, and her downfall is when all the men in her life abandon her. Hamlet’s Ophelia, is a tragic, insane character that cannot exist on her own.
Despite Ophelia’s weak will, the male characters respond dramatically to her actions, proving that women indeed have a large impact in Hamlet. Her obedience is actually her downfall, because it allows the male characters to control and use her in their schemes. Ophelia’s betrayal ends up putting Hamlet over the edge, motivating him in his quest for revenge. Ophelia is one of the two women in the play. As the daughter of Polonius, she only speaks in the company of several men, or directly to her brother or father. Since we never see her interactions with women, she suppresses her own thoughts in order to please her superiors. Yet however weak and dependent her character is on the surface, Ophelia is a cornerstone to the play’s progression. One way that her manipulation is key to Hamlet’s plot is when Polonius orders her “in plain terms, from this time forth/ Have you so slander any moment leisure/As to give words or talk with the Lord Hamlet,” (1.3.131-133). She complies with his wishes, agreeing to return any tokens of Hamlet’s love to him, verify t...