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GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME case
GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME case
GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME case
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4th December 2015
Theme chosen: Physiological Stress Reactions
According to Taylor (2012), when people experience negative mental experience, some physiological changes will occur, in order to deal with or adapt to the stressor.
Hans Selye suggested the general adaptation syndrome theory to analysis physiological changes under stress in 1936. General adaptation syndrome includes three progressive stages, explaining the effects of stress to human body (Pearson, 2014).
First, alarm reaction. Once an undesirable or challengeable event just occurs, human’s body will notice the stressor from the event. Body’s resistance level to the stressor will decrease, and the body will have high priority to cope with the stress (Cardwell & Flanagan, 2009).
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Also, I used too much time on revision, I missed my regular dieting. Eventually, I bore the cost of continuous resistance to the stress, I got cold. According to resistance stage, people often miss their resting schedule in this stage. Therefore, the body immunity reduced, people will easily get sick under this stage.
Fortunately, my body did not shift to the exhaustion stage. At one night, my mom inspired me. When we were having the dinner, I mom asked me whether I think DSE examination is more important than health. I said no. Then my mom pointed out how I was damaging my health. She told me that DSE is important, but if I want to have the best performance in the exam, I must be aware of my body health.
At that night, I thought a lot of what my mom said. I asked my self, can I have a good performance in the exam if I keep ignoring my health? The answer is definitely no. I realized I need to change the way of revision, in order to be a sustainable revision schedule. Therefore, I added resting time in my schedule. I studied hard, but I rested well. I did not sacrifice my sleeping time for revision. After that, I started to feel released, the stress of DSE reduced. The effectiveness of study also restored. Finally, I recovered from the
Adrenaline and glucocorticoids are critical to survival. Animals’ stress responses turn off after escaping from life-threatening situations. However, humans’ stress response come from a psychological state of fear or threat. We are often stressed out due to traffic, increasing taxes, instead of actual life-or-death situations. What’s worse, we are stressed constantly. Since we cannot
Moreover, there is a strong psychological connection between one’s perception of themselves, and their strengths and weaknesses (Hubbard & Blyler, 2016). Since the human body instinctively reacts to anything perceived as a threat with the fight or flight response, it does not discriminate between an individual’s perception of an event, and the actual event that occurs (Bhattacharya & Bhattacharya, 2015; Grison, Heatherton & Gazzaniga, 2016). Therefore, something as simple as the fear of failing a test can provoke the same stress response within the body as encountering a bear. Indeed, conclusions established by Hubbard & Blyler (2016) indicated a significant relationship between stress and poor academic performance finding increases in absent mindedness, hyperactivity, and most importantly; difficulties with attentional control and working memory. In a similar study, Bhattacharya & Bhattacharya (2015) observed reductions in the effects of stress when students exhibited positive self-perceptions and confidence in their academic abilities. Combined, these studies suggest that the much of the stress associated with academics can be minimized by simply acknowledging its existence. By first recognizing the biological symptoms of stress, this author has begun to understand how influential the mindset and perceptions are for increasing academic
The degree of stress and the desire to make the changes will determine the level of change that will take place. If a student wants to change the amount of stress in their life, they have to be willing to work and manage their time properly, even if it means sacrificing hours from a job or a night out with friends to study for a test or write a paper. Many students feel an increase in stress and anxiety when writing a paper, meeting a deadline, or studying for an exam. This can cause twitching, trembling, muscle tension, headaches, sweating, irritability, fatigue, and even dry mouth (Anxiety, Stress, and Tension). When talking about stress, there are many things that can influence a student. The five main topics that influence a student’s well being are attitude, physical well being, physical activity, support systems, and relaxation (World Book on Health, 235). Attitude: The attitude of a student can influence whether a situation or emotion is stressful or not. A student with a negative attitude will ...
According to Hans Selye, a series of physiological reactions to stress occurring in three phases. Those phases are alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. This is also known as the general adaptation syndrome. General adaptation syndrome describes the body's short-term and long-term reaction to stress. Stressors in humans include physical stressors, such as starvation being hit by a car, or suffering through severe weather. Additionally, humans can suffer emotional or mental stress, such as the loss of a loved one, the inability to solve a problem, or even having a difficult day at work. The first stage of the general adaptation stage, the alarm reaction, is the immediate reaction to a stressors. This stage of stress has the reaction for physical activity. However, this initial response can also decrease the effectiveness of the immune system, making persons more susceptible to illness during this phase.
The purpose of this paper is to define stress and how it effects the body's physiological systems. This paper will include the normal functions and organs involved in the following five physiological systems, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory, immune and musculoskeletal. This paper will also include a description of a chronic illness associated with each physiological system and how the illness is affected by stress.
People are exposed to numerous amounts of positive and negative events throughout their lifetime. No one is given a life that is perfect or free from difficulty. Whether it is a death in the family, chronic illness, house fire, automobile accident, or any other type of impacting event, stressors are bound to occur throughout one’s life. Since people are constantly exposed to stressors in life, it is essential that one is able to adequately cope. There are three types of responses to stress. The first is the positive stress response, which is a normal and brief response to stress and is characterized by a mild increase in heart rate (“Toxic Stress,” 2017). One example of a positive stress response could be the slight apprehension one feels before
Each bodily physiological system has an individual established set point, or level of balance; however, some fluctuations in these levels are tolerated. The balance of any system can be, and regularly is disturbed by internal and/or external events of the mechanical, physical, chemical, biological, and/or social types. When this balance is disrupted, and involuntary mobilizations of biological processes are not able to re-establish it, an alarm reaction is activated (Schedlowski and Tewes, 1999). This reaction is referred to as a stress response, and the activating agent is the stressor (Selye, 1936).
The term ‘stress’ was generally thought to have been a concept created by Robert Hooke in the 17th century. He worked on the design of physical structures, such as bridges; his concept of stress came from how much pressure a structure could withstand. However, Lazarus (1993) pointed out that the term ‘stress’ has been used as far back as the 14th century, when it meant hardship or adversity. Back then it referred to the external stressor, such as the death of a spouse or financial worry; in the 20th century, there are many different schools of thought on this area. Hans Selye (1956), brought together the work of Cannon and Bernard and devised a comprehensive system of physiological stress; which he termed the ‘General Adaptation Syndrome’, and is a 3-stage process. He theorised that a certain level of stress called ‘eustress’ (Cox, 1978) could actually be beneficial to our overall performance. Later In 1976, Cox & Mackay devised another model called the ‘Transactional model’. This model takes into account the individual differences in the perception of the amount of stress experienced by the person. The main difference between these two models is that Selye’s model only accounts for the physiological side of stress, whereas Cox’s model takes into account both the physiological and psychological aspects of stress. Therefore, both models will have slight similarities and differences in their explanation for how stress occurs in individuals, which is the main focus of this essay.
Before the test Buy a few sheets of A3 paper and write out your exam timetable and stick it up on your bedroom wall. This will help you remember what you are doing on what day which will help relieve your tension. When you are studying, do not just read the book, it will be like you are hypnotised. Turn the page, scan for information, forget information, turn the page. What you can do is take notes, when you are active, even slightly, you remember things easily.
We learned that the general adaptation syndrome is what happens to your body when your stressed out. There are three different phases that one goes through when they are stressed out. The first phase is where the body is experiencing alarm and adrenaline is produced. The second phase is where the body starts to resist the stress and starts the process of slowing down because the body cannot work forever. The last phase is where the body slows down complete because it cannot function under extreme amounts of stress.
I need to take what i've learned about myself, and change it up to help better myself. To start, i really want to focus on the time management aspect and the negative self talk i had experienced through the study. I learned that my time management skills are poor, and need some work. I plan to improve this problem by starting a planner with assignments, test, quizzes and due dates to stay on top of things. Also to designate certain times of the week to get work done for the things written in my planner. The negative self talk primarily isn't a bad thing but to the extent i go with it…. It's a little extensive. My first plan or action to resolve this issue would be to get more sleep. I feel i don't reach the desired amount of sleep i need every night, and that i'm cutting myself short by staying up so late. The second plan will be to keep an open mind about being in the classroom and doing assignments. Look into the future, and go one day at a time and remind myself this will all be worth it one day. For my negative self talk at work, i plan to discuss with my co-workers the issues i have. Instead of being inside my own head just upsetting myself further i need to express my thoughts, hopefully to make the work day more
It is important for your health to not over-stress your
When stressful events occur, three types of responses take place, an emotional response, a physiological response, and a behavioral response. Negative emotional responses such as anxiety, anger, and grief are common responses to stress. However, in some cases, an individual may exhibit positive emotions when coping with stressful situations. According to Folkman and Moskowiz, positive emotions promote resilience in the face of stress by promoting creativity, problem solving, flexibility, and can enhance physical and psychological health (Weiten & Lloyd, 2006, p. 84). The fight or flight response is a physiological reaction to a perceived threat of danger, in which the body prepares itself to either fight or flee an attacker.
NZTC (2015) states that stress is one of the biggest factor that can affect a student’s study this is due to the pressure of the high demand of their time. Being stressed affects you mentally, socially and physically and have many negative side effects a few of these are exhaustion, headaches, sleeplessness and loss of appetite. Stress isn’t good for your health or well-being, this is why it is important to identify any causes of stress and to have strategies that will help manage stress. Going to the doctor for advice, searching the internet and seeking help from student support are some of the strategies that can help you deal with stress. (NZTC, 2015) There are many different steps that you can use to help reduce stress the only problem is finding the right ones for you. One of those steps that I will be using, is to break down your work load into smaller tasks that are manageable and can be prioritized easily. Another of the steps could be to use physical activities to help work off stress, or I could use yoga and breathing exercises to help control stress and helps you to relax. Most importantly, I should talk to someone, whether it be a family member or a friend, I can even talk to the Student Support Team if stress is affecting your
Stressors initiate a response within the organism and causes changes in the body, specifically responses in the body’s autonomic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system has two branches: the sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic autonomic nervous system helps the body deal with the stress it encounters, initiating the ‘fight or flight’ response. Once the threat has passed, the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system will take over, relaxing the body. There is a balance between these two in a healthy person. However, when someone stays on guard, using the sympathetic autonomic nervous system, all sorts of physical effects can