Erika Joyce Domagas
BIO 2060 LD07
Professor Klein
November 20, 2016
PBL Extra Credit: Doc, Is It My Heart?
1. I diagnose Robert with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) based on his history and examination. GERD is commonly associated with acid reflux, but they are not the same thing. Acid reflux is an action that occurs in the disease. GERD is a condition when contents in the stomach travel back into the esophagus and create heartburn, a burning feeling in the chest and even throat (“What Is GERD?”, 2016). Other symptoms include coughing, breathing, nausea, and chest pain swallowing problems (“What Is GERD?”, 2016). To conclude, no it is not Robert’s heart.
2. The first test the physician should have ordered to make this diagnosis easier is esophageal pH monitoring. This provides measurement of acid in the esophagus, most objective way to check severe GERD is, and can help decide if a patient needs surgery by monitoring the response of GERD to that treatment (“How to Diagnose and Test GERD”, 2016). If the symptoms are not typical of acid reflux, then this test will be used to mainly rule out GERD (“GERD Tests, Diagnosis, and
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A major long-term complication of GERD may include Barrett’s esophagus. In Barrett’s esophagus the lining of the esophagus changes similarly to the lining of the small intestine (“Barrett’s Esophagus”, 2016). This tissue worsens overtime due to stomach acid in the esophagus. About 10% of people with chronic GERD symptoms develop this condition and 1% of people with Barrett’s esophagus can get esophageal cancer (“Complications of Heartburn and GERD”, 2016). Those with frequent GERD may replace cells in the esophagus with those in the intestine to develop Barrett’s esophagus (“Barrett’s Esophagus”, 2016). Other complications of GERD may include esophagitis, inflammation of the esophagus that can swell and make it hard to swallow, and esophageal ulcers, sores on the lining of the esophagus (“Complications of Heartburn and GERD”,
Hypophosphatasia is a rare genetic bone disorder characterized by osteoblast hyperactivity and bone remodeling with loss of, or incomplete, mineral deposition. It is comparable to osteomalacia and rickets, but maintains a unique set of characteristic identifiers (Mornet 2008; Brickley and Ives 2008). Also called, Rathbun’s Syndrome, hypophosphatasia can be autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive depending on the individual. Severe forms are usually transmitted as autosomal recessive with a recurrence risk of 25 percent, while milder forms can be transmitted as either autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive, with between 25-50 percent recurrence rates (Mornet 2008). Hypophosphatasia has an incidence rate of 1 in 100,000 live births (Brickley and Ives 2008; Wendling et al. 2001). In half of all cases, the condition is fatal.
When someone first finds out they have Crohn’s disease, they will probably feel overwhelmed. There are so many questions. Will I be able to work, travel and exercise? Should I be on a special diet? Could my medications have side effects? How will Crohn’s disease change my life? The better informed they can become, the more equipped they will be to be an active member in your healthcare (Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation of America, 2009).
•Jose symptoms is derived from a disorder called Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) occurring in the digestive system with the consumption of food, irritating the esophagus generally causing notable clinical symptoms such as the following: vomiting, chronic cough, angina, & regurgitation immediately after the consumed food. Jose's experience of the lump in his throat is caused by esophageal sphincter pressure.
Mrs Jane Thomson is a 24 year old lady with a diagnosis of heart failure with an underlying cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the only other feature in her past medical history was of bulimia during her teenage years. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathies often have a preserved systolic function with an impaired left ventricular compliance and diastolic dysfunction but Jane also had signs and symptoms of left ventricular dysfunction....
This disease affects the muscles in the intestines. It can cause gas, abdominal pain, diarrhea and constipation. It usually does not lead to further diseases. Most people can control the symptoms through diet, stress management and medication.
Most people with symptoms related to the function of the heart will have an electrocardiogram (ECG), chest x-ray and echocardiogram (Echo), which allows the structure and function of the heart to be examined.
Patients with ulcerative colitis if usually referred to a gastroenterologist. This is a specialist who manages patients with gastrointestinal diseases. The physicians will need to assess the severity of the condition. The questions he or she is likely to ask include how many times are you passing stool? Is the stool bloody? Do you have nonspecific symptoms such as a high temperature, tachycardia and shortness of breath? The patient should be examined and investigated to rule out differential diseases.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Sensitive Gut (Harvard Special Health Reports) In consultation with Lawrence S. Friedman, M.D. Stanford, CT. -. In this article, you are informed about a disease that is occurring more often in our society. It is commonly referred to as “heartburn” but is more appropriately named acid reflux disease or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Most people suffer from this disease, but think nothing of it.
Symptoms to heart disease can include chest pain, shortness of breath, pain, numbness, weakness or coldness in your legs or arms, if the blood vessels in those areas are narrow. There are many causes of heart disease. You can just be born with heart defects, or naturally cause them yourself by smoking, excessive use of alcohol, also having high blood pressure, diabetes. Abusing drugs can also cause heart disease too. Stress is a cause of heart disease. Even over the counter medications can cause a heart problem. There is a good amount of test that is used to diagnose heart disease. Blood test, chest x-rays, tilt table test which is use to help find fainting spells, stress test which evolves an evaluation of the hearts response during moderate exercise while a 12-lead ECG is performed, electrocardiograms, heart MRI, holter monitoring is where the heart is recorded while the patient is ambulatory for at least a 24-hour period, echocardiogram, cardiac catheterization, heart biopsy which is where the doctor removes a part of the heart tissue, cardiac computerized tomography (CT) scan helps to visualize the hearts anatomy, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging are all test that is use to see if someone has a form of heart disease. There are treatments to help prevent heart disease. Depending on how bad the form ...
Acid is produced naturally in your stomach to help you digest food and to kill bacteria. This acid irritates the stomach lining so our body produces a natural mucus barrier which protects it. Sometimes this barrier may be damaged thus allowing the acid to damage the stomach causing inflammation, ulcers and other conditions. Other times, there may be a problem with the muscular band at the top of the stomach that keeps the stomach tightly closed and this allows the acid to escape and irritate the oesophagus. This is called 'acid reflux' and can cause heartburn and/or oesophagitis. Proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole stop cells in the lining of the stomach from producing too much acid. This can help prevent ulcers from forming or assist the healing process. By decreasing the amount of acid, they can also help to reduce acid reflux related symptoms such as heartburn.
Heart attacks are known in the medical community as myocardial infractions. Some of the most common symptoms or warning from a heart attack may include chest discomfort due to an uncomfortable pressure, fullness, squeezing or pain in the center of the chest (angina). Another symptom is the discomfort in other areas of the upper body because of pain or discomfort in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach. The next one is shortness of breath with or without chest discomfort. Lastly, there are other signs such as nausea, dizziness, lightheadedness or cold sweat. There are some cases when these symptoms are not present or the person is considered to be healthy and a heart attack can strike without any warning sings. (Causes,
What is Empacho? Empacho, when related to gastrointestinal problems is, in a sense, a form of indigestion and one of the most common folk ailments in a Hispanic culture10. By some people it could also be more of a belief and described as a blockage of the stomach and intestines, as a ball of sticky undigested food, or foods that are hard to digest. This can result in symptoms such as pain, nausea, vomiting, bloating, etcetera.
According to the doctor, the patient might have developed congestive heart failure. Is it right-sided or
Cardiovascular System: He does not experience any chest pain or palpitation. He does not have dyspnea or leg swelling.
There were a lot of patients that came into the emergency room on Friday November 20, 2015 that had heart problems. The first patient I observed was only thirty and she had been having tachycardia since two o’clock Thursday afternoon. She stated that she has had this problem before but it never lasted this long. She was said to have SVT prior to arriving to the emergency room by the ambulance crew. Upon arriving in the ER her heartrate got up to 220 beats per minutes. The next patient that I saw was brought in because his wife said that he was shaking more than usual, he had Parkinson’s. There was a young lady that came in who had hit her head almost three weeks ago and was diagnosed with a concussion at that time. She was now having neck and head pain and numbness in the back of her head. There was another assumed SVT patient. Her heartrate was around 170. There was also a homeless man that was brought in complaining of pain all over and all he kept asking for was morphine