Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction

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Recommended: Thesis statement for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction (LVSD, but commonly referred to as heart failure) is a chronic, progressive cardiac syndrome in which a damaged heart fails to beat efficiently and deliver enough blood to meet the body's needs. Although coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause, for example, myocardial infarction, and many of the conditions are intertwined, there are several other causes of heart failure including cardiomyopathies, hypertension and valve disease.

Cardiomyopathies can be caused by genetic disorders/defects, viral illness, some endocrine conditions, autoimmune diseases, and excessive use of alcohol and drugs. Pharmacology treatment of diagnosed LVSD is predominately the same, although it is recognised that lifestyle advice may differ depending on the cause or exposure to environmental factors.

For the purpose of this assessment I have chosen to focus upon cardiomyopathy which have commonly been subdivided into a specific diagnosis of either hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD). HCM and DCM are commonly ‘diagnosed’ separately and as an individual diagnosis but there is suggestion that a single gene defect can result in the syndrome of heart failure.

Mrs Jane Thomson is a 24 year old lady with a diagnosis of heart failure with an underlying cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the only other feature in her past medical history was of bulimia during her teenage years. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathies often have a preserved systolic function with an impaired left ventricular compliance and diastolic dysfunction but Jane also had signs and symptoms of left ventricular dysfunction....

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Schmitt JP et. al. Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Heart Failure Caused by a Mutation in Phospholamban. Science 2003 299, 5611: 1410-13

Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network (SIGN) 95 (2007): Management of Chronic Heart Failure (Online). Available at: http://www.sign.ac.uk/pdf/sign95.pdf (Accessed 8th June 2010)

Watt S, Bueser T, Robert M L P. (2009). A multidisciplinary service for inherited cardiac disease in a regional clinical genetics service. British Journal of Cardiac Nursing. 4 (7), 325

Zaragoza M, Arbustini E, Narula J (2007) Noncompaction of the left

ventricle: primary cardiomyopathy with an elusive genetic etiology.

Curr Opin Pediat 19: 619–27

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