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Public money for private gain on sports stadiums
External factors affecting sports performance
Public money for private gain on sports stadiums
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The topic that I have chosen is how externalities of a professional sports team affects the city, town, or state that it is in and how also it can increase or decrease the economic value of the current place that it resides in. There are plenty of professional sports teams in America, and some cities even have multiple teams inside of them, such as Boston, New York, Atlanta, etc. With numerous sports inside of the United States, the demand for a sports team is required; with this type of demand it could be beneficial or harmful for whichever city that it exist in. One of the many positives externalities that professional sports teams can generate is increasing the city’s revenue. With a city having a professional sports team, the people that …show more content…
One of the negative externalities that professional sports teams serve is that can put the city into potential debt. Many think once a sports team is here, they are here to stay. They are wrong. Professional sports teams are a big investment to a city, and with investments you will always have a risk. If the sports team does not do good for a long time and the massive amounts of fans do not show up to each game and does not support them the team could go into great debt. The expenses can overweigh the revenue. The big stadium that they play in, the expenses they have to pay are extremely high and with employees and staff of the team also having to get their fair share of money, and it can be harmful to the team and the city to keep the team going. In San Diego, California there is QUALCOMM stadium and they host many events; in 2007 their final expense cost was $16,325,013; within 2 years in increased to $19,788,498 (San Diego Government). This is almost a 4-million-dollar increase over two years in a well-populated city, so imagine what will happen if this happened to a city that is not as popular as San Diego? The potential debt could skyrocket if the team doesn’t do good every year. With the city potentially going into debt, almost every single one of those small businesses that entrepreneurs made whenever the city was expanding, they will most likely go into debt and be forced to closed down. Traffic control is the next negative externality I will discuss. On game days, teams have thousands of people packed into one section of the city and people who are not attending the game can find this very annoying. Non-fans might want to go out and enjoy their day, but the overwhelming amounts of crowds of people can disturb them. The next and final negative externality I will discuss is stadium subsidiaries. Stadium subsidiaries are legal aids that the government gives cities to build new stadiums, but the
Ultimately, there are three exceptionally important criteria for deciding on good candidate for an expansion team. The first criterion is that the stadium must be controlled or owned by the baseball team. The stadium is a crucial aspect because most of the team’s revenue is generated in relation to the stadium. This stadium revenue comprises of ticket sales, parking, merchandise and concessions. Thus, without a stadium, the team will not be able to generate a stable source of revenue. The second criterion is that local ownership must have strong roots within the community. Without ties to the community, fan attendance could decrease. This is because fans could eventually perceive that the owner(s)’s only goal for the MLB franchise was to be profitable. The third criterion is the city must have long-term political support in the community. It is vital to have political support in order to gain financial support throughout the team’s years of existence, especially in tax payer monies. Particularly, this is significant when the team experiences issues or fights that involve the stadium and the land around the stadium. If there is a lack of political support, the expansion teams will not be able to obtain enough for money for stadium renovations, repairs, or to build new stadiums for the same team within the same city. This circumstance was apparent when the New York Yankees used tax revenue generated by New York City to fund the building of their brand new stadium for the 2009 season. Therefore, expansion committees believe it is necessary to confirm that the prospective cities will have enough political support because this political factor will help stabilize and financially support the prosp...
My proposed topic, is how the Chicago Blackhawks saved the enterprise of the National Hockey League (NHL). The Chicago Blackhawks a NHL team, have had many successes together as a franchise, but over the past few seasons the fan base towards the sport of hockey has skyrocketed as many more people have joined the bandwagon. Before hockey was televised, there was a small base of fans compared to the millions
Siegfried, J., & Zimbalist, A. (2000). The economics of sports facilities and their communities. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, , 95-114.
Some of the most prolific franchises in sports, like the Oakland Raiders and Baltimore Colts of the National Football League, have moved to other cities breaking off their loyalty to the hometown fans. More important than the actual moves are the more frequent threatened moves. When teams “play the field” and explore the option of playing in other cities they are able to lure interested cities into giving them just about any royalty they want. New stadiums are only the beginning. The willingness to threaten departure has secured for teams a variety of land deals, lower taxes, more revenues from parking and concessions, control of stadium operations, guaranteed ticket sales, renovation of stadiums with luxury seating, control over neighborhoods and transportation systems, and that’s only the beginning of the list.
When looking into the history of our culture, there are many subtopics that fall under the word, “history.” Topics such as arts and literature, food, and media fall into place. Among these topics reside sports. Since the beginning of time, sports have persisted as an activity intertwined with the daily life of people. Whether it is a pick-up game of football in the backyard, or catching an evening game at the local stadium, sports have become the national pastime. According to Marcus Jansen of the Sign Post, more specifically, baseball is America’s national pastime, competing with other sports (Jansen 1). Providing the entertainment that Americans pay top dollar for, live the role models, superstars, and celebrities that put on a jersey as their job. As said in an article by Lucas Reilly, Americans spend close to $25.4 billion dollars on professional sports (Reilly 4). The people that many children want to be when they grow up are not the firefighters or astronauts told about in bed time stories. These dream jobs or fantasies have become swinging a bat or tossing a football in front of millions of screaming fans. When asked why so many dream of having such job, the majority will respond with a salary related answer. In today’s day and age, the average athlete is paid more than our own president. The cold hard facts show that in professional sports, the circulation of money is endless. Certain teams in professional baseball and football are worth over millions of dollars. Consequently, the teams who are worth more are able to spend more. The issue that arises with this philosophy is virtually how much more? League managers, team owners and other sports officials have sought out a solution to the surfacing problem. Is it fair to let...
Abstract: The Stadium construction boom continues, and taxpayers are being forced to pay for new high tech stadiums they don’t want. These new stadiums create only part-time jobs. Stadiums bring money in exclusively for professional leagues and not the communities. The teams are turning public money into private profit. Professional leagues are becoming extremely wealthy at the taxpayers expense. The publicly-funded stadium obsession must be put to a stop before athletes and coaches become even greedier. New stadiums being built hurt public schools, and send a message to children that leisure activities are more important than basic education. Public money needs to be used to for more important services that would benefit the local economy. Stadiums do not help the economy or save struggling towns. There are no net benefits from single purpose stadiums, and therefore the stadium obsessions must be put to a stop.
Zimbalist, Andrew S. Unpaid Professionals: Commercialism And Conflict In Big-Time College Sports. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1999. eBook Collection (EBSCOhost). Web. 27 Mar. 2014.
Funding for high school athletics is very sparse compared to the actual costs to run a promising team. With the most recent recession, travel/showcase teams taking over parent’s wallets, and misunderstanding of the Title IV amendment, funding for high school athletic teams has been dwindling in the past twenty years. Consolidation, taxing, and a well-orchestrated plans are all promising solutions to provide for high school athletics. Athletic facility fundraising groups are turning out to be the most resourceful and efficient source for raising the needed money. Fundraising is a prominent solution; however, the will and want of individual sports teams to improve their status is the ultimate way to get what each specific team needs.
Financial aspects and profitability of college athletic programs is one of the most important arguments involved in this controversy. A group of people expresses that college athletic programs are over emphasized. The point they show on the first hand, is that athletic programs are too expensive for community colleges and small universities. Besides, statistics prove that financial aspects of college athletic programs are extremely questionable. It is true that maintenance, and facility costs for athletic programs are significantly high in comparison to academic programs. Therefore, Denhart, Villwock, and Vedder argue that athletic programs drag money away from important academics programs and degrade their quality. According to them, median expenditures per athlete in Football Bowl Subdivision were $65,800 in 2006. And it has shown a 15.6 percent median expenditure increase fro...
To explain the importance a sports team has on a city, a new avenue for future
The sports industry is a very big business that contributes great amounts to the economy in terms of turnover, taxes and jobs. The sports industry has an economic cycle. So it depends on different parts of the year to hold big events. The benefits to be gained are that local communities as suppliers of services and goods obtain increased business.
Abstract: Society is affected every day by many different kinds of sports. These sports often govern society's way of life. People all over the nation turn their TVs to sporting events, such as golf, during the weekends. Scott Stossel states that "more than six million Americans enjoy watching golf on the weekends." Parents use sports as a teaching tool for their children. Kids learn teamwork and discipline from team sports programs and sports have also helped many students with their grades. Kids who want to compete in school sports are taught to keep their grades up or they won't be able to play, but the greedy coaches and schools often look around grades to keep their "star athletes" in the games. Adults have been affected by sports in their bank accounts. Tax increases for funding a new stadium, golf course and even school programs have hurt the middle class Americans. Sports have taken control of small communities and soon will take control of society
Regression analysis used by a number of contributors (Coates & Humphrey, 2001), used census data to evaluate the impact of stadiums and professional sports teams on area development, giving a good impression of the real affects of stadia being build. Assumption-driven trade multiplier models have also been used to estimate the effectiveness of sports-based development (Baade, 1990), but the evidence presented through both of these is that the presence of a new or renovated stadium has an variable impact on the levels of employment and possibly a detrimental impact on local development in a region.(Baade, 1990) Baade & Dye, (2001) note in their research that “These conclusions should be used as a caution to those who assume or support a large positive stadium impact.” (Baade & Dye,
The negative effect of the stadiums being built is that the taxes of the residents increase. Also it can either ruin small businesses or help them depending what companies are involved. The positive of the stadium is it helps players get out into the community to do more for their city. The main point is the government won’t be effected as badly as regular citizens or
Sports are one of the most profitable industries in the world. Everyone wants to get their hands on a piece of the action. Those individuals and industries that spend hundreds of millions of dollars on these sports teams are hoping to make a profit, but it may be an indirect profit. It could be a profit for the sports club, or it could be a promotion for another organization (i.e. Rupert Murdoch, FOX). The economics involved with sports have drastically changed over the last ten years.