Julissa Tejeda
CSCI 12700
Assignment 2 Exercise 0: What is virtual memory?
Virtual memory is the illusion of memory space in a computer 's main memory. The memory manager records the bit patterns of data that needs to be stored on a magnetic disk. This data is divided into pages, which are uniform sized units of data. The memory manager then shuffles these pages back and forth between main memory and main storage. The manager shuffles the pages in a way that places the pages that are needed for the program to run in main memory. This technique is called paging. Exercise 1: Summarize the booting procedure.
A bootstrap program is permanently stored in the read-only memory (ROM) of the main memory. When a computer is turned on, the bootstrap tells the central processing unit (CPU) to transfer the operating system from mass storage into main memory. The operating system is always in a predetermined location in mass storage, even when the computer is
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Since Linux is free, users do not have to pay licensing fees to use it nor are they forced to upgrade their systems. It is modeled on UNIX; it was designed to function like UNIX, but it has original source code. Linux is developed by the community through open source. People collaborate and share code through online forums, while Linus Torvalds oversees the development. UNIX, on the other hand, is developed by commercial vendors like Oracle, IBM, HP and Apple. Linux was developed for everyone 's use, while UNIX was developed mainly for mainframes, servers, and workstations. Linux can be installed on computers, supercomputers, mainframes, phones, tablets, and game consoles. UNIX is used in internet servers, workstations, and PCs. Since Linux is monitored by a community, threats are detected and resolved quickly, while UNIX threats take a while to be
I was very interested in computers and technology as a child, both playing games and building fake parts for them. Still in elementary school, I was fascinated by these computing machines, spending hours on end working with DOS to satisfy my curiosity. Around my middle school years, Windows became graphical, and I found interest in even more computer games with even greater experiences and capabilities. Windows was the dominant operating system at the time, but I was soon to find there was a whole different world out there of operating systems. While out on vacation in Washington, DC, my Dad and I were able to meet with the local Tech Fanatics group, HackDC. It was here where I discovered Linux. Linux, an alternative to Windows, immediately grabbed my attention when I saw it in use. It appeared to me as something that only the extreme computer users even heard of. Upon my return home,
The purpose of this document is to compare and contrast three different Linux vendors in regards to their specific server and workstation OS products they offer in the workplace. In addition, I will discuss the price for each vendor, specifications, performance, and reliability. The three vendors I would like to discuss are Arch Linux, Red Hat Enterprise, and Ubuntu. Linux is an operating system that has several distros to choose from. Linux allows the user more control of the system and greater flexibility. As an open operating system, Linux is developed collaboratively, meaning no one company is solely responsible for its development or ongoing support. Companies participating in the Linux economy share research and development costs with
This memory is assists in allowing the computer to simultaneously read and write data at the same time. Simply put, RAM is the most common form of memory that is utilized by computers as well as other devices. There are specific types of RAM that include dynamic random access memory and static random access memory, or DRAM and SRAM respectively. These two RAM are very different in terms of how they allow data to be read and written. Dynamic random access memory is often considered the most frequent type found in computers. Static random access memory is also found in computer, and is usually referred to as the faster of the two types due to the fact that refreshing of this form of memory is not needed whereas with dynamic random access memory it is. The term RAM is often used to describe what the computer uses to function. It is the main memory or primary memory whereby all processes and software run. Since it is random access memory, it is only available at the time a certain process is needed and is not stored anywhere on the computer specifically (2007). This is what makes random access memory often confusing to understand particular since computers also have what is known as read only
The Linux operating system is the catchall term for the dozens of software stacks built around the free and open source Linux kernel. Clumped into distribution...
Nowadays, most of the web, email, database and fileservers are Linux servers. Linux is a UNIX system which implies that it has solid compatibility, stability and security features. Linux is used for the mentioned environments because these services require high security. Further, an increase of attacks on these servers can be observed. Additionally, the methods to prevent intrusions on Linux machines are insufficient. Further, the analysis of incidents on Linux systems are not considered appropriately (Choi, Savoldi, Gubian, Lee, & Lee, 2008). It can also be observed that a lot of investigators do not have experience with Linux forensics (Altheide, 2004).
Not long ago computers were non-existent in many homes. When computers were first introduced to the world, they were for the sole purpose of performing business functions. The only people who owned computers were large organizations. Eventually, computers were introduced into the homes of those who could afford to buy them. Today, just about everyone owns some form of system that they use daily to help manage their day-to-day operations. What many once survived without now seems impossible to do without. As technology continues to grow, it has a greater effect on families and the education system. Some companies such as Microsoft and Apple made it possible to reinvent a new form of technology that would change the world. Each company had some form of struggle and overtime had to keep up with the changes of time and the way people communicated. From the first day of its invention, organizations have had to steadily implement new operating systems to keep up with the demands of the people while staying afloat with competitors. The ways of life for many have changed as well as the way people communicate. It is evident that the history and uses of computers have changed the world but these computers could not perform without the operating systems. Various operating systems will be discussed, how they began and how they each changed since they were first introduced. Although, they all had a purpose each varied in how they performed and changed the lives of many and will continue in the near future.
As the internet is becoming faster and faster, an operating system (OS) is needed to manage the data in computers. An Operating system can be considered to be a set of programed codes that are created to control hardware such as computers. In 1985 Windows was established as an operating system and a year earlier Mac OS was established, and they have dominated the market of the computer programs since that time. Although, many companies have provided other operating systems, most users still prefer Mac as the most secured system and windows as it provides more multiple functions. This essay will demonstrate the differences between windows
In the WMM memory is considered an active process and not just a passive store of information, unlike the MSM.
Linux can and does offer some of the same things but there is also the fact there are far too many different versions out there, and it may be difficult to determine which on can be customized as much as the other. As far as visuals go you may have to dig deep into the system to find out how to do it, but you can. Since it is open source, you can customize it much more, but it depends on the users knowledge of the operating system itself. A programmer would be able to do so much more in Linux, than they would be able to do with Windows, since the source code is available, whereas in Windows, it's hidden. In Linux you can customize how it does literally everything and a programmer would be able do a variety of things for Linux to be “their own”. However, most of us aren't programmers, so we wouldn't have a need for Linux, thus many, would stick to Windows.
Linux has long been one of many operating systems that have been out to prove its worth in all types of environment. It is currently being considered for enterprise network purposes as well as data centers where it implies servers, workstations and any mainframes as needed. Choosing what operating system to use, whether it is open source or not, can be difficult, though. This paper projects the advantages and concerns of choosing an open source solution like Linux as administrators and users are becoming more aware of Linux running on both server and desktop systems. It is quickly being adopted in an ever increasing number of global corporations and government agencies.
Virtualization technologies provide isolation of operating systems from hardware. This separation enables hardware resource sharing. With virtualization, a system pretends to be two or more of the same system [23]. Most modern operating systems contain a simplified system of virtualization. Each running process is able to act as if it is the only thing running. The CPUs and memory are virtualized. If a process tries to consume all of the CPU, a modern operating system will pre-empt it and allow others their fair share. Similarly, a running process typically has its own virtual address space that the operating system maps to physical memory to give the process the illusion that it is the only user of RAM.
Another Linux advantage is that there are a number of free and commercial distributions, or distros for short, versions of Linux. They all offer something
...n extension as easy as possible for programmers to use (Denning, 1997). Virtual memory also makes better use of memory by loading in just a few pieces. This means at any one time, only a few pieces of any given process are in memory, therefore, more processes can be maintained in memory. For virtual memory to be realistic and effectual, two ingredients are needed. First, there must be hardware support for the paging and/or segmentation scheme to be employed. Second, the operating system must include software for managing the movement of pages and/or segments between secondary memory and main memory. Virtual memory combines your computer’s RAM with temporary space on your hard disk. When RAM runs low, virtual memory moves data from RAM to a space called a paging file. Moving data to and from the paging file frees up RAM so your computer can complete its work.
An Operating system is system software that controls the system’s hardware that interacts with users and the application software. As we all may know, Windows Microsoft has always been a commercial high-level sale in the retail industry and an in domain operating system used today. But there are more operating systems than just Windows Microsoft than the general population may assume. Linux is another well-known operating systems, which is free and open-source software. Linux is also used in companies we would have never thought of like Google, NASA, USPS, Amazon and many more companies. Linux and Microsoft operating systems have been in competition to see which one is the best operating system in the market. There are so many resemblances
There are four types of memory. These are the RAM, ROM, EEPROM and the Bootstrap loader. The RAM, also known as Random Access Memory, is the temporary space where the processor places the data while it is being used. This allows the computer to find the information that is being requested quickly without having to search the hard drive space. Once the information has been processed, and stored onto a permanent storage device, it is cleared out of the RAM. The RAM also houses the operating system while in