Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, otherwise known as POTS, is an autonomic nervous system disorder that can be debilitating in severe circumstances. POTS is defined as the presence of chronic symptoms of orthostatic intolerance for at least 6 months along with a fall in blood pressure (>20/10) and increased heart rate (>30) within 10 minutes of standing from laying down.1 Symptoms of POTS include but are not limited to lightheadedness, fainting, heart palpitations, chest pain, nausea, fatigue, headache, blurry vision, breathing difficulty, irritable bowel symptoms, and loose joints.2 POTS commonly occurs in young women of child-bearing age.3 This syndrome affects up to 3 million patients in the United States; however, the prevalence …show more content…
One of the theories is that infection from a virus, such as Epstein Barr, triggers POTS. POTS is also thought to be genetic. The syndrome surfaces during pregnancy as well, due to the constant stress on a woman’s body and some POTS patients have to be bed-ridden during their entire pregnancy. Although the cause of the syndrome is unknown, the physiology of the syndrome is better understood. Thankfully, both the cause and physiology behind POTS is still being researched …show more content…
Therefore, the overall population for my paper consists of individuals diagnosed with POTS. All ages, genders, and ethnicities are included. Therefore, I am excluding people that do not have POTS and may be missing out on individuals who have been misdiagnosed. I am also excluding non-human subjects and have only been looking at articles less than 5 years old. Some of my articles have narrowed down subjects based on age or symptoms. For example, “Risk Factors for Postural Tachycardia Syndrome in Children and Adolescents” is about children and adolescents aged 7-18 years old.6 “Disturbances of Gastrointestinal Transit and Autonomic Functions in Postural Tachycardia Syndrome” is regarding patients age 18 years or older and those who are diagnosed with POTS and had an assessment of gastrointestinal transit.7 However, I believe this variety of papers containing a combination of methods will cover a whole range of ages and genders and provide the most information regarding
It occurs because of repetitive electrical activity. This can occur in a patient with early or late heart failure, because there is damage to the heart tissue and the heart beats faster to try to supply the body with blood. Recommended treatment is elective cardioversion. Drugs used include an antidysrhythmic such as Mexitil or Sotalol (Ignatavicius &Workman, p. 728-729).
Cardiomyopathy, by definition, means the weakening of the heart muscle. The heart is operated by a striated muscle that relies on the autonomic nervous system to function. Cardiomyopathy is diagnosed in four different ways based on what caused the illness and exactly what part of the heart is weakened. The four main types of cardiomyopathy are dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. One other category of cardiomyopathy that is diagnosed is “unclassified cardiomyopathy.” Unclassified cardiomyopathy is the weakening of the heart that does not fit into the main four categories.
Overall, the aim of this experiment involved the examination of stimuli that triggered the bradycardia reflex, in relation to circulatory and physiological responses that occur in humans during dive reflex. Due to the different factors being generated the dive response was evoked to different extents. All variables including MAP, SV, CO, HR and TPR were monitored and varied (5). The basal measurements fell all within normal range, with respect to the conditions.
Even over the short course of my clinical experience thus far, various consultants have asked my colleagues and I about the pathophysiology of AF, the causes of AF and most have been asked to describe the rhythm of the pulse of AF. Hospital doctors do not have to look far to find a patient with the often symptom less disorder, and quiz medical students on it. A study conducted in Trinity College, Dublin by Finucane et al (2011) reported that 10.8% of Irish men over the age of 80 are living with AF2. They also reported prevalence across all age groups of 3.2%. AF is highly prevalent in Ireland today, and is set to become more prevalent in the country, in keeping with our agei...
There is a frequent assumption that coma depth and extent, and PTA are concomitant—reflecting different facets of common mechanism (Wilson, Teasdale, Hadley, Wiedmann, & Lang, 1993). Researchers contend that when PTA and coma have been juxtaposed, their correlation has substantiated to be only moderately closer. Furthermore, they assert that previous studies exploring PTA and coma as predictors of outcome ...
...an Patter Of Blood Pressure.” Chronobiology International: The Journal Of Biological & Medical Rhythm Research 29.6 (2012): 747-756. Academic Search Premier. Web. 19 Feb. 2014.
Individuals with AN keep their body in a state of starvation. Their body must function without the sustenance that it needs to continue functioning. Bradycardia is the most common heart arrhythmia for individuals with this disorder. As a result of the caloric deficit, the body tries to decrease cardiac work by reducing cardiac output. (Casiero & Frishman, 2006). The baroreceptor reflex is the body’s mechanism to regulate blood pressure through use of baroreceptors, which then transmits information to the brainstem. The vagal nerve receives this information, then sends impulses to the sinus node to slow the beat of the heart. (Kollai et al, 1994) A study published in the Oxford Heart Journal measured cardiac va...
Hence the methods used in the articles for evaluating gastroparesis were the scintigraphy studies of their subjects.2-3, 9-12 A number of other studies conducted their research by giving surveys to their subject to evaluate diet,12-14 symptoms,10,11,8 BMI,11 anxiety level10 and physical activity.11 Yang et al.15 conducted systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials15 whereas Broges et al.9 completed retrospective studies of past patients 9 and Patrick et al6 did a systematic web-based review of literature about gastroparesis.6 Several studies pulled their patient population from databases.3,11,15 Hence for my presentation I will evaluate and write my paper based on the information that these researchers have gleaned from their
Throughout history, it seems that medicine and spirituality have been linked in many circumstances. In a study looking at the use of complementary and alternative therapies in cardiac patients, spiritual healing was one of many practices patient sought to utilize. In another study, 29% of participants chose to use prayer or premeditation as a way to cope with their chronic illness. In both studies, prayer or meditation was more likely to be used by individuals who had a large social network, as well as support from another person in the same health situation. Based on these studies, it seems that many individuals (not just cardiovascular patients) turn to their spirituality in times of health distress.
Parkinson’s affects about one million people within the United States and about five million people worldwide. Most individuals who develop Parkinson 's disease are 60 years of age or older. Parkinson 's disease occurs in approximately 1% of individuals aged 60 years and in about 4% of those aged 80 years (Heyn and Stoppler, 2013). Since overall life expectancy is rising, the number of individuals with Parkinson 's disease will increase in the future. According to Sweeny (2013) Parkinson’s affects approximately 1.5% to 2.0% of people aged 60 years and older. Though it is rare, young adults may also be diagnosed with PD. Before the age of age if 21, the diagnosis is deemed juvenile onset. Between the ages of 21 to 40 it is called early onset. A significantly higher incidence rate of Parkinson’s disease was found among men with the relative risk being 1.5 times greater in men than women. (Wooten, Currie, Bovbjerg, Lee, and & Patrie,
Tourette's syndrome is a hereditary movement disorder. Its symptoms are by multiple motor and vocal tics (repeated muscle contractions). It is during the childhood and adolescence in which Tourette’s syndrome and its symptoms develop, usually between the ages...
Autonomic Neuropathy affects the internal organs primarily. It can affect the cardiovascular system by hampering its ability to regulate pulse, blood pressure, and body temperature. It can affect the digestive system with gastroparesis, dysphagia, and uncontrollable weight loss and malnutrition. Frequent urinary tract infections are common, as well. Sexual responses, other than drive and desire, are also affected in this type. It can affect the individual's ability to recognize symptoms associated with low blood sugar, thus putting the individual at risk for further nerve damage and diabetic risks (Dyck, Feldmen, & Vinick).
Oxygen was first admitted to the client with chest pain over 100 years ago (Metcalfe, 2011). Chest pain is a large bracket that can contain many different conditions, but for the purpose of this analysis it is focused manly upon a myocardial infarction. A myocardial infarction is mainly referred to as a heart attack, and occurs when one or more coronary arteries leading to the heart reduce or completely stop blood flow (Tuipulotu, 2013 ). Administering high concentrations of oxygen to patients with chest pain is now embedded in guidelines, protocols and care pathways, even with a lack of clear supporting evidence (Nicholson, 2004 ). High concentration of oxygen means that up to 60% is administered (Knott, 2012). More recent research has suggested that the use of oxygen in this scenario is unnecessary and can lead to unwanted side effects, especially in normoxic cardiac patients (Moradkham & Sinoway, 2010 ). The aim of this comparative analysis is to dismantle and understand both the benefits and risks of the commonly known practice of administration of oxygen to the client with chest pain. Through completing this analysis using recent and appropriate evidence a more improved practice can be given and understood.
Preeclampsia is a serious condition that develops only during pregnancy. It is also called toxemia of pregnancy. This condition causes high blood pressure along with other symptoms, such as swelling and headaches. These symptoms may develop as the condition gets worse. Preeclampsia may occur 20 weeks or later into pregnancy.
There were a lot of patients that came into the emergency room on Friday November 20, 2015 that had heart problems. The first patient I observed was only thirty and she had been having tachycardia since two o’clock Thursday afternoon. She stated that she has had this problem before but it never lasted this long. She was said to have SVT prior to arriving to the emergency room by the ambulance crew. Upon arriving in the ER her heartrate got up to 220 beats per minutes. The next patient that I saw was brought in because his wife said that he was shaking more than usual, he had Parkinson’s. There was a young lady that came in who had hit her head almost three weeks ago and was diagnosed with a concussion at that time. She was now having neck and head pain and numbness in the back of her head. There was another assumed SVT patient. Her heartrate was around 170. There was also a homeless man that was brought in complaining of pain all over and all he kept asking for was morphine