Effects of spanking on children
analytical Essay
409 words
The use of spanking is one of the most controversial parenting practices and also one of the oldest, spanning throughout many generations. Spanking is a discipline method in which a supervising adult deliberately inflicts pain upon a child in response to a child’s unacceptable behaviour. Although spanking exists in nearly every country and family, its expression is heterogeneous. First of all the act of administering a spanking varies between families and cultures. As Gershoff (2002) pointed out, some parents plan when a spanking would be the most effective discipline whereas some parents spank impulsively (Holden, 2002). Parents also differ in their moods when delivering this controversial punishment, some parents are livid and others try and be loving and reason with the child. Another source of variation is the fact that spanking is often paired with other parenting behaviours such as, scolding, yelling, or perhaps raging and subsequently reasoning. A third source of variation concerns parental characteristics. Darling and Steinberg (1993) distinguished between the content of parental acts and the style in which it was administered (Holden, 2002). With all this variation researchers cannot definitively isolate the singular effects of spanking.
Holden (2002) reviewed Gershoff’s (2002) meta-analyses of eighty-eight (88) studies and noted that there were both positive and negative outcomes associated with the punishment of spanking. According to Gershoff’s (2002) analysis, the one positive outcome was immediate compliance by the child (Holden, 2002). This result was found to be consistent in five (5) studies. Immediate compliance was defined as the child complying to the parents directive within five (5) seconds. In stark contrast, there were four (4) negative outcomes. The analysis showed a negative effect on the quality of the parent child relationship, the child’s mental health, the child’s perception of being a victim of physical child abuse, and also impacted aggression in adulthood (Holden, 2002).
Spanking should always be of reasonable force, never leave bruises or marks, and only ever be on the buttocks. Spanking advocates argue that the buttocks are the safest place to administer corporal punishment since it produces a sharp stinging pain but injury is unlikely.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that spanking is one of the most controversial and oldest parenting practices, but its expression is heterogeneous.
- Explains that gershoff's (2002) meta-analyses of eighty-eight studies showed positive and negative outcomes associated with the punishment of spanking.
- Argues that spanking should always be of reasonable force, never leave bruises or marks, and only ever be on the buttocks.
Related
- opinionated
- analytical
- explanatory
- Spanking Young Childrenopinionated essayAbout 60% of parents in the United States use spanking as a method to discipline their young children. In most cases parents believe that spanking is the only effective way to discipline their children. According to the “International Encyclopedia of Marriage and Family”, spanking is often referred as; “one or two flat-handed swats on a child's wrist or buttocks, but would not include a beating with a whip or a belt, for others, spanking also includes slaps and pinches to the leg, arm, back, or even the head, as long as no marks are left”. While some parents favor spanking children, others are against spanking children because they feel that teaching them and giving them consequences is the way method for a child to behave. I believe that parents should not spank their children because it is not only an incorrect way to punish their children, but because spanking can bring psychological damage to the child.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that 60% of parents in the united states use spanking as a method to discipline their young children.
- Explains that spanking is often seen as a trend that parents want to follow from generation to generation. parents don't realize the damage that their parents left them after constant brutal punishment.
- Opines that parents who spank their children break the bond of friendship with them because children fear and are angry at their parents for spanking them.
- Explains that children's short-term response to spanking may make them act out more in the long run.
- Explains that spanking a child is necessary to bring attention to the child when they are constantly misbehaving.
- Argues that parents shouldn't spank their children because it can create great tension between parents and children.
- Opines that parents should not spank their children because it is wrong for adults to use a violent force to discipline children.
- Opines that spanking is one of the most brutal ways that a parent punishes their children, and that children should be moderately disciplined.
- Explains that pearson's international encyclopedia of marriage and family, 2003, was retrieved from encyclopedia.com. alternatives to spanking.
1381 wordsRead More - The Importance Of Spankingopinionated essaySpanking. It is a hotly debated topic, and everyone who has an opinion seems to have a strong one. It is either child abuse or it is a fundamental form of discipline. It is traumatizing or it is character-building. It is repugnant or it is commendable. Many have difficulty removing their emotions from such a controversial topic. I, myself, struggle to consider objectively a situation I’ve always deemed moral and paramount to a child’s development, but with the cruciality of raising the next generation, objectivity is imperative. Because children are wayward and often misunderstand instructions, parents must decide early on how they will discipline their child. This raises the controversial question: Should parents use corporal punishment
In this essay, the author
- Explains that spanking is a hotly debated topic and that parents must determine the desired outcomes of discipline.
- Opines that the purpose of spanking is to discourage similar behavior in the future, but children cannot change their behavior if they don't know what they need to change.
- Explains that some parents worry about using corporal punishment in the home because it could negatively impact the child's emotional health. abusive environments are not conducive to a child’s learning environment.
- Opines that it is not practical to determine corporal punishment's emotional impact on a large scale, but one can study the prevalence of mental health indicators to imply emotional health or lack thereof.
- Recommends that parents consider their child's reasoning skills and response to different types of discipline when deciding whether or not to use corporal punishment.
1080 wordsRead More - Why Is Spanking Too Much For Children?analytical essaySpank Those Kids Arguments arise when the topic of “spanking” comes up. There are good and bad feelings that are brought out about it. The world has different opinions on how misbehavior should be handled. Race, ethnicity, and age also have influenced how spanking is looked upon.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that spanking is an effective way to show punishment, although it is looked upon as a crime in today's era through the nation’s eye.
- Explains that parents use spanking as a tool to correct their child's misbehavior.
- Analyzes how spanking can have positive and/or negative effects. there are no racial lines and more than 50% of americans spank their children.
- Explains that many children view spanking as punishment and not as a disciplinary action. as children grow, they should not fear their parents but respect their parent's role in their lives.
- Explains that spanking is an effective way to show punishment, although it is looked upon as a crime in today's era through the nation’s eye.
756 wordsRead More - The Effects Of Spanking Your Child: A Form Of Punishmentexplanatory essayIn this article, the author expresses the effects that spanking your child as a form of punishment at the age earlier ages of toddlerhood such as to the effects it has on the child when he or she becomes older. Spanking is a very common form of punishment at this age and used frequently across the United States as well as other countries. Many parents do not understand the effects that spanking has on their children now and what effect it has on their future and that there are other forms of punishment that can leave the same impact but cause less emotional and physical damage.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that spanking is a common form of punishment at this age and used frequently across the united states as well as other countries.
- Explains that spanking frequency before age 2 was a predictor of behavior problems at school age for white non-hispanic children, whereas it was not consistently associated with child behavior 3 years later.
- Explains that spanking frequency before age 2 is a risk factor for significant child behavior problems among white non-hispanic school-aged children.
- Explains that spanking is less effective than rewards and causes the child to fear the person giving the punishment. this article supports this argument for especially the white populations.
- Opines that the article does get its point across rat spanking does lead to later behavioral problems but only in a specific race.
- Opines that more research should be done on thrown sanyasis and whether it affects the child throughout their entire life leading to abuse toward their children and maybe a partner.
737 wordsRead More - Corporal Punishment in Americaexplanatory essayFinally, we need to know more about the personal resources of parents that can lessen the incidence of spanking. It is found that spanking sharply decreases as the parent ages. Despite ideological motivations, parents can and should be trained to understand alternative strategies of discipline (Day 93).
In this essay, the author
- Defines corporal punishment as the intentional infliction of pain on the body for purposes of punishment and includes slapping, hitting with objects, pinching, shaking and forcing to stand for long periods of time.
- Explains the acceptance and support of corporal punishment as a discipline in american culture. children are abused because they cannot defend themselves against stronger and more powerful adults.
- Explains that studies of the incidence and intensity of spanking often provide evidence that most parents have spanked their children.
- Explains that a research project using the national longitudinal survey of youth examined the antecedents of parents’ spanking behavior.
- Explains that even though the study had little theoretical orientation from which spanking could be predicted, it showed that younger mothers spank much more frequently than older mothers.
- Explains that consistent use of corporal punishment has been an indicator of less effective parenting and is commonly linked to socialization out comes such as delinquence, low self-esteem, and social incompetence.
- Explains that the child's temperament and personality directly affect the parents ability to employ non-physical discipline strategies. children who are perceived as difficult are more likely to be spanked.
- Explains that older parents with more education will have more experience raising children, know more about alternative and nonpunitive strategies of discipline, and have a greater sense of maturity and self-control, all of which may reduce inclinations to spank.
- Explains that spanking is deeply rooted in the history and culture of our nation as well as in our own personal experiences.
- Explains that when parents are working and are not on public assistance, they have a greater ability to provide necessities and extras for their children. economic independence may lead to greater sense of personal worth.
- Explains that single mothers are understaffed and have difficulty juggling household, children, and work. when these strains exist, discipline strategies may reflect a more pressured situation.
- Explains that fathers spank less than mothers, suggesting that this period of the child's life may be difficult for mothers.
- Explains that the study indicated that boys are spanked more frequently than girls. mothers and fathers are less likely to spank older children.
- Explains that black, single mothers report the most spanking, while married women with older children report more than white women, but less than single, black mothers. the younger women are more likely to espouse religious conservatism.
- Concludes that spanking is a common occurrence during the parent-child relationship. data matched previous research and indicated that toddlers and younger children are more likely to be spanked than older children.
- Explains that fathers are cast in less direct parenting roles that are supposed to be supportive of mothers’ effort but are less involved in the daily administration of discipline. black and white mothers of younger children are significantly influenced by the parent-child context.
- Explains that parental spanking may be complicated by many factors, including gender, age, gender of parent, and age of the parent.
- Explains that parents' inclinations to spank may be embedded in conservative religious beliefs and the parent's own perceptions of characteristics of their children that have developed during parent-child relationship.
- Opines that little work has been done to understand parents' discipline strategies in many ethnic and racial groups in our society. motivations for spanking are complex and embedded in the ideological and family system fabric of daily life.
- Explains that spanking is a conflict between the ideal of the loving parent and the purposeful violence of corporal punishment.
- Opines that parents should be trained to understand alternative strategies of discipline, despite ideological motivations.
1226 wordsRead More - Spannking Children Essayanalytical essayFrom helping them read and write, to teaching them right from wrong, parenting is a huge job and adds a lot of pressure on parents because they want their child to succeed. However, different parenting styles brings on different characteristics and reactions out of their children, which is why when it comes to parenting, one is entitled to their own opinion on how to discipline their children accordingly. When it comes to disciplining, it can be done by taking away television time, phone time, or even taking away a favorite snack, but what about spanking as a form of discipline? Spanking by far, is considered the biggest controversy when discipline is being discussed, and there are many opinions on if spanking helps or hurts the child. With
In this essay, the author
- Explains that one in eight children in the united states will experience spanking or physical treatment.
- Analyzes how the article "spanking children: evidence and issues" creates a stronger argument because it outlies fundamental conceptual and methodological issues that may plague literature on spanking.
- Explains that both articles are provided logical fallacies within their research. the controversy does not always fall in a grey area of the world.
- Concludes that there are many methods that are right and wrong, such as noncorporal punishment, timeouts, etc., and that corporal punishment could lead to health issues in kids later life.
- Explains that different parenting styles bring different characteristics and reactions out of their children, which is why they are entitled to their own opinion on how to discipline them.
1285 wordsRead More - Essay On Physically Disciplining Childrenopinionated essayMost parents believe that spanking their children is the most effective way to punish them because it was the standard method of discipline when they were young. However, Michael J. Mackenzie of Columbia School of Social Work states that “[spanking] gives the immediate feedback that it’s working. But the goal is to have kids regulate themselves over time. And in that, spanking fails”. I believe parents hit their children in the heat of the moment, and there are far more constructive methods of teaching children the difference between right and wrong, such as rewarding them for good behavior and making sure they know when they’ve made a
In this essay, the author
- Opines that physically disciplining children isn't an effective form of punishment. they believe spanking instilled fear and loathing in their developing mind.
- Explains that the dictionary defines child abuse as mistreatment by a parent or guardian, including neglect and beating. the concept of physical discipline has been so normalized, the already thin line between discipline and abuse is blurred.
- Explains that children who are physically disciplined are more likely to develop psychological and emotional issues as they mature.
- Opines that most parents believe that spanking their children is the most effective way to punish them because it was the standard method of discipline when they were young.
- Opines that there is no excuse for hitting a child, regardless of the circumstances. parents need to realize that their children will learn from other forms of punishment that won’t provoke fear or resentment in them.
457 wordsRead More - Is Spanking a Form of Child Abuse?analytical essaySpanking, a fictitious form of child abuse, is an appropriate action toward unruly children. It is a popular practice used to instill discipline and values in children, and is more effective than talking to or yelling at the child or placing the child in “time out” sessions. In the long run, spanking causes no damage to the child’s mental or physical health. Instead, it creates a basis for good behavior.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that spanking, a fictitious form of child abuse, is an appropriate action toward unruly children. it is more effective than talking to or yelling at the child.
- Explains that spanking has a well-developed and long-term history. it was administered to women with fertility problems by pagan priests and later introduced in the catholic church.
- Explains that spanking is an important aspect of a child's social development and should not be considered an evil form of abuse.
- Argues that spanking children is not a form of love or compassion, but rather an act of violence and should be an outlawed practice.
- Explains that spanking is the best way to discipline a child who has behaved against guidelines previously discussed by parents.
631 wordsRead More - B. F. Skinner's Theory Of Behaviorismanalytical essayBrigitte Vittrup and George W. Holden surveyed 108 children aged six to ten years old after they watched videos of children being disciplined by either spanking, reasoning, withdrawing privileges, or time-out. The results show most children rating reasoning as the fairest form of punishment, and spanking as the least fair. This research illustrates that when parents spank their children, they are doing so in a manner that the children think is unfair, and therefore unnecessarily antagonize the child as opposed to disciplining him or her in a way that is
In this essay, the author
- Explains that b.f. skinner's behaviorism is the psychological theory that individuals are born as blank slates and that all actions are essentially learned responses to environmental stimuli.
- Explains skinner's theory of classical conditioning, which is an underpinning to his work.
- Explains skinner's expansion of behaviorism, which begins a theory of an organism. the operant is the behavior that occurred just before the reinforcing stimulus.
- Analyzes how skinner divided his theory into four forms of stimuli, namely positive and negative reinforcement, and positive or negative punishment.
- Explains that child spanking is a form of positive punishment because the disciplinarian, whether it be parent, teacher, or other authority figure, actively performs an action that harms the child in an attempt to deter or prevent that behavior.
- Explains that a study conducted by murray a. straus, david b. sugarman, and jean giles-sims suggests that child spanking negatively affects child behavior as he or she matures.
- Explains that 44 percent of mothers reported spanking their children during the week prior to the study and they spanked them an average of 2.1 times that week.
- Analyzes how brigitte vittrup and george w. holden surveyed 108 children after watching videos of children being disciplined by either spanking, reasoning, withdrawing privileges, or time-out.
- Analyzes how skinner's study sheds light on the nature and efficacy of spanking a child. children with medium exposure were more likely to regard it as the best disciplinary technique compared with children with low or high exposure levels.
- Explains phillip s. hall is a licensed psychologist with 34 years of experience working with struggling parents and troubled and defiant children and adolescents. in his book, a new definition of punishment, he argues that parents should reward children’s good behavior.
- Explains skinner's theory of operant conditioning. all stimuli, be they positive or negative, have the same goal: to change or modify behavior. hall suggests positive reinforcement as more effective than spanking.
1082 wordsRead More - Chilehood Diciplineanalytical essayParents' discipline of young children affects many aspects of their lives. There are many different methods of discipline being used my may different parents. Each parent has different methods to helping their children distinguish right from wrong. Some methods are more beneficial than others, but when comparing methods, it is clear to all that corporal punishment is the most frowned upon form of discipline. Some may wonder why it is looked down upon today if it was a major method of discipline in the 1900's that seemed to work just fine. A recent survey has shown 40% of parents with children under 3 yrs. old have yelled at their child and 40% of parents in this same age bracket have spanked their child (Regalado, M., Sareen, H., Inkelas, M., Wissow, L., & Halfon, N. 2004). Also, 11% of parents have spanked their infants under 1 year of age and 16% of parents have yelled at them. (Regalado, M., Sa...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that child discipline determines how the child will act at home and social settings and instills habits and different values that will stick with a child for its whole life.
- Analyzes how parents' discipline of young children affects many aspects of their lives, and concludes that corporal punishment is frowned upon today.
- Describes conscious discipline as a classroom management program that emphasizes the method of emotional and social learning to promote positive classroom behavior.
- Explains how a study examined the effect of child temperament on the connection between maternal discipline and early childhood externalizing problems.
- Describes conscious discipline as a classroom management program that emphasizes the method of emotional and social learning to promote positive classroom behavior.
1299 wordsRead More