Database Management

In this essay, the author

• Explains the five important software components of a database management system.
• Explains that the five software components of a database managements system are dbms engine, data definition subsystem, and data manipulation.
• Explains that the database management systems engine is the central component of the dbms. it stores and retrieves data, accepts logical requests from multiple subsystems and transforms them into its physical equivalent.
• Explains that data definition subsystems create and maintain data dictionary and define structure of files within the data base. field name, type, form, default value, validation rule, and duplicates are examples of logical properties.
• Explains that the data manipulation subsystem is used to add, change and delete information in a database. views, report generators and query-by-example tools are the manipulation tools used by the dbms.
• Explains that application generation subsystem helps develop transaction-intensive applications after a series of tasks are entered. it contains tools for graphic, easy to use data entry screen, and commonly used programing language.
• Explains that data administration subsystem manages the overall database environment, including security, backup and recovery, and change management. artificial intelligence is science of making machines emulate humans thinking in behavior.
• Explains that expert systems are computer programs that are proficient in certain areas. they project a human intelligence in solving problems and reaching conclusions.
• Explains that neural networks classify things without taking steps that lead to solutions. they mainly use visual and speech patterns to analyze information.
• Explains that genetic algorithm evaluates the fitness of all of the populations by creating a new population by performing operations such as crossover, mutation and reproduction.
• Explains the four types of intelligent agents: information, user or personal, data-mining, monitoring and surveillance agents. these agents assist in performing repetitive related work.
• Explains the stages of a systems development life cycle and how it is used in business. it is an organized step by step approach for developing or altering information systems.
• Explains that there are four to seven phases, but more can be added as needed for the project. analysis phase is the studying of a system and finding any problems that need to be solved.
• Explains that the customer decides who will build the plan, and the sdlc helps to make sure everyone understands it and that clear goals are established.
• Describes nanotechnology as the ability to construct items from the bottom up, using techniques and tools to make complete, high-performance products.
• Explains how nanotechnology differs from traditional manufacturing in which traditional manufacture take a large item and break it down to its smallest form.