The job market in Canada is changing and trends in secure employment are increasing in occupations that are highly skilled. On the other hand low-wage and long hours in employment are on a constant rise and the stability of jobs is slowly being eroded. According to the statistics in Jackson book, “Work, Wages, and the Living Standards of Canadian Working People”, men are more likely to be unemployed and have a higher unemployment rate of 6.4% compare to women with 5.6%. Men tend to work in more seasonal industries such as construction and industries prone to layoffs such as manufacturing. Although women are more likely to be working part-time jobs like part-time cashier positions, they still find it difficult to be employed in a job with suitable hours. …show more content…
Another growing trend in the Canadian labour market is the number of jobs a worker has. Working families work more than one job so that they can increase their household income by working more hours in the week, they are able to increase their income. This is becoming a big issue for many Canadians, parents are finding less and less time to spend with their family and more time at work. Even though the Canadian labour market has increase over the last couple of decades, the income level has been fixed for many Canadian
The Wheat Boom in Canada in the late 1890s and early 1900s contributed to the rise of an agrarian economy, where the family formed the basic production unit. Women played an important role in the family by tending to domestic chores and child rearing. At about the same time, the rise of industrial capitalism drew men into the industrial wage-labour market. The women’s contribution to the domestic front enabled men to participate in wage earning opportunities, due to which the MLFPR was notably above 90 percent. The rise of large-scale factory production raised the insatiable demand for cheap labour. Employers began to recruit women as cheap unskilled or semi-skilled labourers in some light industries, such as textiles,
This article stated that, according to a study conducted by the United Way and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), approximately 40% of young workers in Ontario are in jobs classified as part-time, temporary or self-employed. The same study also found that less than half of part-time/temporary workers were able to transition into full-time higher-wage work and, perhaps most importantly, the percentage of those able to transition will likely decline over the next decade. Clearly, the growth of part-time and temporary jobs has been growing on an upward trend over the past decade and appears to have become part of business as usual. A study conducted in 2015 by the United Way and the Law Commission of Ontario (LCO) states that approximately 22% of part-time/temporary work in the past year can be characterized as precarious work, i.e. work with poor or no benefits and job security. The growth in precarious employment is due to many factors including Globalization, improved technology, changes to business models, and the economic shift from manufacturing to the service sector. These shifts have essentially formed a new economy that has a high demand for fluidity and flexibility in the common workplace, and has low a demand for the old fashioned “Standard” model of the workplace (largely full-time employees with a full suite of
Canadian workplaces today seem to be a fairly diverse place, with a blend of many religions, ethnicities, and genders present. However, although people preach affirmative action and melting pots in current times, many inequality and power issues still abound. One strikingly noticeable example is gender discrimination. Women in the workforce face many challenges like smaller wages, harassment, male privilege in hiring or promotions, and lack of support when pregnant or raising children. One half of the planet is women, and it can be assumed the same for Canada, but they still face judgment at work because they lack the authority to dispute against big corporations or even their male supervisor. It cannot be argued that Canadian women’s status has worsened over the past hundred years, of course, thanks to feminism and activism. However, their status is not as high as it could be. Women as a group first started fighting for workplace equality during the second wave of feminism, from the 1960s to the 1990s. Legislation was approved during the second wave to try to bring gender equality to the workplace. Feminists both collided and collaborated with unions and employers to ensure women received fair treatment in an occupation. Quebec had the same issues, only the province approached the conflict differently than English Canada with its own unique viewpoint. It became clear that women were entering the workplace and did not plan on leaving. Second-wave feminism in Canada shifted power from the government and businesses to women in order to try to bring equality, although the discrimination never completely disappeared.
Precarious employment is work that is not secure, generally does not include any type of benefits, and is paid so lowly that it generally does not meet the living wage. This type of employment is unfortunately a growing trend in today’s societies due to many factors such as outsourcing, globalization, a saturated job market, shifts from manufacturing to the service sector and jobs also being replaced by computerized units. When speaking on precariousness these trends also affect European societies due to the fact that the outsourcing is generally to places where labour is extremely cheap in order to lower the costs of goods such as Asia and South America. This growing trend is also resulting in negative effects on the economy such as the bottoming out of the middle class and a large amount of citizens living below the poverty line and not able to earn a livable wage. Minimum Wage is on the incline, however, it is still not enough to live on practically and there are many other factors that make precarious work disadvantageous other than the wages such as job security and room for growth and promotion within the company. The negative changes to the job market brought on by the changes to it have resulted in higher expectations and demands from the employers which reduce the amount of people which are eligible for what are now known as “good jobs”. These good jobs generally entail a livable wage, benefits, more flexibility and better job security. Precarious work is categorized and gendered as women and immigrants make up the vast majority of employees in this type of work. Since precarious work affects citizens on a global scale, in this essay, there will be comparisons and contrasts drawn between precarious work in Canada ...
Another reason for the pay discrepancy is that women are usually employed in low-wage occupations and industries, such as teaching. Even women working in the same industry, and having equal qualifications, earn less than their male counterparts — in fact, even top women executives earn considerably less, on average, compared to their male peers (Patel, 2016). The other reason for the gender pay gap is that more women than men work part-time jobs. According to the Canadian Women's Foundation (n. d), for the last 30 years until 2013, about 70% of part-time/temporary workers were women, which translated to 60% of minimum wage earners being women. Finally, the Canadian Women's Foundation (n. d) claims that approximately 10-15% of the wage gap is
“Honey, you’re not a person, now get back in the kitchen and make me a sandwich!” If a husband were to say these words to his wife today, he would likely receive a well-deserved smack to the face. It is not until recently that Canadian women have received their status as people and obtained equal rights as men. Women were excluded from an academic education and received a lesser pay than their male counter parts. With the many hardships women had to face, women were considered the “slave of slaves” (Women’s Rights). In the past century, women have fought for their rights, transitioning women from the point of being a piece of property to “holding twenty-five percent of senior positions in Canada” (More women in top senior positions: Report). The Married Women’s Property Act, World War I, The Person’s Case, and Canadian Human Rights Act have gained Canadian women their rights.
Stienstra, D., Brewer, N., & Stinson, J. (2010). Factsheet Women and Restructuring in Canada. CRIAW ICREF, 1-16.
These things continue many centuries but now you do not have face that much difficulty compare to the last centuries. Before, women have to stay at home and they have to take care of their small children. Government introduce the two policy, and they are child care system and equal pay for work of equal value. In child care system, government introduced the daycare. In Canada, daycare was proposed in 1970 but Quebec was exception. To continue the child care system, provincial government introduced the comprehensive family policy. This policy attempts to integrate family benefits, paid parental leave, child care and kindergarten. With these policy, women can work not as part-time but full time, and you will have an experience that normally company ask you. Second policy was equal pay for work of equal vale. Even though that not in all country, it was that women will earn same amount as men earn in any field. But in 1985, Manitoba become the first Canadian province to implement equal pay for work of equal value in the public service. And now, this policy become official in 10 of 13 Canadian jurisdictions; Alberta, Saskatchewan, and the Northwest Territories are the exception. Inequality form did not end but even is not bad as much as it was before. Now at least, women have the authority to speak, to do anything they want. When all people judge you the way you work in company not the gender wise than gender gap in earning will be eliminate for
Economics is the study of how goods and services are produced, distributed and sold to consumers. It is a social science that affects every human living on earth, however, many people are not aware of the different economic concepts and how they influence the community they live in. The Canadian economy is in a constant state of fluctuation that can be impacted by multiple factors. The different economic concepts allow us to properly evaluate purchasing decisions and why prices or policies are presented as they are. There are two main levels of economics that each impact the nation’s economy in their own way. Macroeconomics is the level of economics that deals with the large-scale factors that influence the nation, such as financial interest rates and government policies. In contrast, microeconomics is the level of economics that deals with small-scale factors that relate to individual or business decisions, relating to supply and demand, and how they influence the economy. Without reading the newspaper, many Canadians are unaware of these economic factors and do not realize the consequences each factor can have on the country. There are economic events occurring daily across Canada, which would allow citizens to properly understand how their decisions are affecting the community around
Two economic goals that I think that are conflicting each other are Income equity and Economic Growth. If a person who is working at a job making minimum wage and someone else is working at a job where they get paid $20/hr then the person making more money has a better chance of having a high standard of living. If you want the economy in Canada to grow then you will have to make everyone's pay close to the same or almost the same so that there is Income Equity and also Economic Growth with these two goals conflicting each other in the Canadian economy then there will be very little chance that the Canadian economy can grow because they won’t even out . Two economic goals that complement each other are Price Stability and Full Employment.
There has been poverty in Canada for about as long as there has been Canada. Researchers argue about the causes of poverty and how to solve them. But the fact remains that there is poverty in Canada and certain groups in Canadian society are struggling with poverty more than others. This paper is an overall look at poverty in Canada, who is struggling, why and what can be done to alleviate that poverty.
Growth in labour productivity is important because it is associated with economic growth, standards of living, and real incomes. It is another useful tool that we can use to compare the welfare and growth of countries. Labour productivity measures the amount of Real GDP produced by an hour of labour. Increases in labour productivity can occur from increases in the amount of machines and equipment available to workers, a higher proportion of skilled workers, increases in plant scale, changes in organizational structure, and improvements in technology (1).
Over 74% of people aged 15-64 in Canada have a paid job earning around $77,678 Australian dollars a year on average. Although this is a good figure the top 20% of the population earn around 5 times more than the bottom 20%. Canada performs very well in the measures of wellbeing ranking above the average in housing, subjective well-being, personal security, health status, income and wealth, social connections, environmental quality, jobs and earnings, education and skills, and civic engagement.
The opportunities available to women in the market are not as diverse as those presented to men. Still, the construct of gender ideology influences how employers undertake economic decisions, and that is why companies still have jobs labelled as “men’s work” and occupations categorized as “women’s work.” Indeed, the pervasiveness of gender differences in labor markets is undeniably true, specifically with respect to salary gap between men and women, occupational gender segregation of men and women, and the challenge that women face in terms of juggling their time and attention between their career and family life. There is no denying that the salary of men is far more than that of women’s. In the Great Britain (and other parts of the globe), there are pieces of evidence which suggest that gendered practices of participation in the labor force still have significant impact on the economic security level that men and women develop over the course of their lives (Warren 606).
It can be concluded that women are treated in terms of stereotyped impressions of being the lowest class and greater evidence can be found that there are large disparities between the women and the men 's class. It can be seen that women are more likely to play casual roles as they are most likely to take seasonal and part time work so that they can work according to their needs. They are hampered from progressing upward into the organizations as they face problems like lack of health insurance, sexual harassments, lower wage rates, gender biases and attitudes of negative behavior. However, this wouldn’t have hampered the participation of the women in the work force and they continue to increase their efforts which is highly evident in the occupational and job ratios of females in the industry.