Mongol and Timur invasions had a negative impact on the Muslim world. The unity they had was destroyed in 1258 when the Abbasid capital was taken and the caliphate was already gone. There were three new Muslim dynasties afterwards, and this led to competition, and next, political division and some military fights. The largest empire of the three was the ottoman empire, which had its peak at the 17th century. Located in present-day Iran and Afghanistan, the Safavid dynasty competed with the Ottomans. The third dynasty was the Mughal dynasty. Of these dynasties, there were some similarities, such as having the same origins—Turkic nomadic culture—but there were also differences that set them apart. All three based their empires with military conquest. …show more content…
The Ottoman empire rose as the Seljuk kingdom fell. The Mongols raided but did not necessarily rule Anatolia, so there were fights in the area. A group called the Ottomans, named after their leader Osman, and they had power over everyone else, therefore building their empire. The Ottomans took Thrace and most of the Balkans as they went to Bosporus to get to Europe, but invasions stopped temporarily but greatly. The decade after, Bayazid’s sons fought over rule. Mehmed I won and unified the empire and continued the conquest of Europe and Asia Minor. They eventually took Constantinople, then Syria and Egypt to north Africa, most of Arab land, and also expanded to Hungary. Since the Ottomans had a good navy, they went to the Mediterranean as well, They also got Rhodes, Crete, and Cyprus. They pushed off the Venetians and Genoese from most of the eastern Mediterranean. They even threatened southern Italy with invasion. Military was important for Ottomans, especially since they had jihads. Their economy was based on fight and expansion. The Turkic cavalry conquered from the 15th and 16th …show more content…
Because the Janissaries did not want military changes that would risk their status, the Ottomans were behind in weapons compared to that of Europe, who defeated many Ottomans. After the Spanish and Venetians and Lepanto in the year 1571, the Ottomans lost most of the eastern Mediterranean. Before that battle, the Portuguese overpowered Muslims and Ottomans at Africa, therefore failing in their attempt to get rid of the Portuguese. Like the Ottomans, the Safavids also had important warriors, but the Safavids were Shi’ite—not Sunni like the Ottomans. The empire rose from a Sufi mystic, Sail-al-Din, who gave the name, who launched a military campaign to clean and reform Islam and spread teachings to the Turks. They had increasing popularity, especially when the Mongol ruler fell, but when the Red Heads (Safavid followers) grew and spoke about Shi’ite beliefs, they got more enemies. They got Persia and rid enemies, the Ozbegs, before going to Iraq. Chaldiran, in northwest Persia, was the place where a significant battle in August 1514 took place. The battle became even more intense as there were Sunni persecutions and Shi’ite persecution by the Ottomans by their sultan,
From the three documents provided, Documents A: Battle of the Yarmuk (Modified), document B: Treaty of Tudmir (Modified) and document C: Fred Donner, I think that the Early Islamic Empire expanded with war, truce, and rare peace. The Empire changed dramatically through the years.
The Mongol empire was the largest land empire the world has ever seen. First began as a nomadic group of tribes. Mongols were united and emerged into an empire that conquered lands stretching from Europe to Central Asia under the rule of Genghis Khan. The Mongol empire was able to succeed in expanding, and conquering was due to their ability to adapt to any living conditions, their sheer brutality force, and their strong military organization. To begin, one factor that supported the Mongols in their conquests was their capacity for foraging, allowing them to survive under harsh living conditions.
Three Muslim empires rose during the spread of Islam. These empires are different, yet also similar. They are the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals. They united other Muslims but also conquered other territories to form their own empires.
Both the glorious empires, the Mali established in 1230 by the founder Sundiata and Mongol founded by Genghis Khan in 1206 contain much more differences than similarities. When the rise of the Mali and Mongol Empires began to arise they had significant effects towards the areas in which they were located. Some similarities include religious tolerance and cultural growth by trade. Some differences include violence methods and religion. Even though both of these superlative empires arose in difference regions they shared some common views as well.
The Mongols were nomadic people who didn’t know much about mining, and didn’t farm. They mostly lived off of meat and milk. They used hides from horses and wools from sheeps for their clothes and materials. The Mongols first conquered land, when Temuchin was given the title Genghis Khan. The Mongols were barbaric, they conquered a lot of land, and they were smart.
5) Safavid Empire-The Safavid Empire was important because, they were the force who stopped Turks advancing the east. They also brought central authority to region a...
The Mongols; a vicious and destructive military force, feared throughout its empire and under the rule of one man, Chinggis Khan. This picture of the Mongols and their empire is one often painted by our modern society. However, much of what we think we know about the Mongols has been exaggerated and biased from the point of view of the people that were conquered. In reality, the Mongols, although at times violent and destructive, bore many similarities in tactics and practices to the classical empires that had preceded them. They were not just simple barbaric savages looking to destroy whatever they could. They were a people united for a common purpose, trying to achieve it the same way that prior civilizations had done so: military force. Even though a Western perspective may find the actions of the Mongols objectionable, it must be understood that this was not a Western society, nor did it house the same values as one. The Mongols were not the destructive barbarians they are often made out to be, but rather an effective military force working for unification.
Throughout ancient years, there have been many empires that have impacted culture, politics, religion, and people. The Mongol empire and the Roman empire both had their ways of growing their empires, administering their empires, having successes and failures, and legacies. As the empires began to take shape, expand, and become more complex, they will important in the lives of people.
Over the years there have been many great nomadic groups, such as the Vikings and the Kievan, but no nomadic group has been more successful than the Mongols. The Mongols have had many lasting influences on Russia, China, and even Europe. The Mongols have left a mark on the European trading systems in technologies as well as in their trading systems trade routes. One thing that stayed the same throughout Europe was their many religion.
Under Suleiman, the Ottoman Empire from 1520 to 1566 who not only undertook bold military campaigns that enlarged his realm but also oversaw the development of what came to be regarded as the most characteristic achievements of Ottoman civilization in the fields of law, literature, art, and architecture. Suleiman is notable for his military and naval achievements that helped expand his empire from Asia across to North Africa. He is known for his attacks on Hungary in 1526 and the Battle of the Mohacs in 1529. Each of these battles expanded the territory of the Ottoman Empire significantly and lead his naval fleet to become a dominant power of the time period. Suleiman’s armies conquered Hungary, over which the Ottomans maintained control for over 150 years, and they advanced as far west as Vienna,
One thing that was not a primary factor with military conquest, was the religious beliefs of the troops. Most troops who fought to expand the Islamic Empire did so because of “the promise of adventure and booty.”(p. 20) --101 Q&A
With the development of the Gunpowder Empires came the development of improvements in mining, metallurgy, and technology. As well, the use of guns and cannons allowed the empires to create and supply a strong standing army. These developments allowed for improvement and centralization of bureaucracy in all empires. However, this is the end of similarities between the empires. The most successful empire in utilizing gunpowder was the Ottomans; mainly due to two consecutive leaders, Selim the Inexorable (r. 1512-20) and Suleyman the Magnificent (r. 1520-66). The Ottomans differed...
The growth of the empire was also quite different. The Ottomans experienced growth through further conquest of the Asia Minor, Constantinople, Eu...
Geography played a big role in history and made each empire unique in its own way. Geography had positive and negative effects when it comes to location, access to resources, and trade. For the Spanish and Mongol Empires, geography played a role in state formation as well as affected their strategies of rule. Considering that the Mongol Empire began in the 11th century and the Spanish Empire in the 15th century, the affects that geography had were significantly different regarding their state formation and forms of ruling, however, there were some slight similarities in the process of building up their empires. Both the Mongol and Spanish Empires were similar in that they used trade as a mechanism for expansion and connection, however, they differed in that the Mongol Empire focused on conquering territory throughout the Afroeurasian landmass while the Spanish Empire devoted its attention to overseas territory.
Much like that of the Byzantines before them, the Ottoman Empire served as a link between Europe and Asia, and greatly benefited from the profits of the exchange that was perennially flowing over these geographic boundaries; this era came to be known as the Golden Age of the Ottoman Empire. Although there can be many identifications and definitions for the means by which the Ottoman Empire was able to exert such a powerful degree of influence, military right, and cultural dynamism. It will be the purpose of this analysis to discuss and analyze the means by which a continual process of centralization can ultimately be understood as one defining force, that allowed the Ottoman Empire to thrive throughout this period of the “Golden Age.”