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Native american trade with europeans
Impact of native cultures on europeans
Impact of native cultures on europeans
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The fur trade that occurred between the Native Americans of the North East and the European settlers, amongst the many other items and goods that were traded and exchanged, such as: maize, squash, tomatoes, moccasins and tobacco is one that had grave societal consequences for the Eastern Woodland peoples and the various Native Americans throughout the continent as a whole. The ways in which their society operated and many of the ideas and materials that the Europeans exchanged permeated Native life and deeply effected and changed them forever. When Henry Hudson sailed up the river later named in his honor, he was astonished at the natural wealth that lay before him. The trees and hills were full of life and when he met the local inhabitants
The French Fur Trade Beginning in the mid sixteenth century, French explorers were able to establish a powerful and lasting presence in what is now the Northern United States and Canada. The explorers placed much emphasis on searching and colonizing the area surrounding the St. Lawrence River “which gave access to the Great Lakes and the heart of the continent”(Microsoft p?). They began exploring the area around 1540 and had early interactions with many of the Natives, which made communication easier for both peoples when the French returned nearly fifty years later. The French brought a new European desire for fur with them to America when they returned and began to trade with the Indians for furs in order to supply the European demands. The Natives and the French were required to interact with each other in order to make these trades possible, and, over time, the two groups developed a lasting alliance.
contact the reader has with people in the book is in the passage in which the
Kenneth Coates, author of Furs Along the Yukon: HC-Native Trade in the Yukon River Basin examines and explores the Fur Trade of the Yukon River Basin before the Klondike Gold rush in pursuit to analyze the early economic development of Yukon. Coates furthermore attempts to question the native-European exchange in one of the last regions of initial contact between aboriginal residents and Europeans in North America. It was believed that the miners and the Herschel Island whalers impacted the fur trade, varying the customary demands of the natives and transformed the native economy and HBC, and Americans, whom didn’t have significant impact of the structure and content of the fur trade. The Natives recognized their own necessity to trade and
The French were one of the first to explore the New World in the last half of the 16th century. King Henry IV of France sent an expedition, led by Samuel de Champlain, to secure exclusive fur trade routes and agreements with the native Indians near the St. Lawrence in present day Canada. In this endeavor, trading posts were built in an area known as “New France”. The native Montagnais tribe were quick to realize the importance the French and other Europeans placed on beaver pelts and for their own benefit, they began “withholding furs to force the Europeans to compete for them” (Anderson, 8). Eventually, the French and the Montagnais’ came to an understanding through an alliance that gave the French exclusive control of the fur trade in exchange for their promise to fight with the Montagnais and their allies against their enemies, the Mohawks.
They taught each other new skills and became close trade partners. However in 1626 the Lenape were given twenty four dollars for the land that is now New York City (Purdy). The Lenape thought the money was so that the Dutch could share the land with them, but that was not the case. The Dutch named the New Territory New Amsterdam and the Wickquasgeck trail became the main highway. The English settlers then came in 1660 took over New Amsterdam and renamed it New York. The English settlers forced most of the Native Americans out and had them relocate in Oklahoma (Purdy).
The colonial-era fur trade was a major component of the economy of early America and its overall development. North American Pelts and hides were in high demand and extremely valuable in Europe, where wearing fur provided warmth and social prestige. And for the Native Americans the use of European weapons, utensils, materials and other goods in exchange for furs were of great value as well. Cultural exchanges were increased and produced offspring used as intermediaries for networking and trade. Although fairly equal in societal benefit’s for both Native Americans and Europeans in the beginning, the Colonial American would later become the dominate society because of the fur trades.
John Smith was a precursor in that he foresaw the need to befriend the Indians. As a pioneer in the New World, Smith understood the importance of trading with the Natives and learning their language if there was any chance of survival. His first encounters were anything but smooth as he is captured by the Powhatan tribe and sentenced to death. However, upon finding favor with the King’s daughter, Pocahontas, Smith is released on the condition that, “he [would] make [Powhatan] hatchets, bells, beads, and copper” (53). This was the first trade agreement and marked the start of numerous peaceful dealings and the ultimate survival of Jamestown.
Long ago, the region that now includes New York State was populated by the Native Americans. Several Native American tribes like the Iroquois populated the southeastern part of present-day state. Many of the region’s Native Americans hunted, fished, and gathered their food. The hunting was done by the men of the community while women farmed and elected the leaders. The Iroquois tribe lived in longhouses. They often referred to themselves as the Haudenosaunee which translates to "people of the longhouse". The Iroquois often fought other Algonquian tribes which lead to many conflicts and wars. The fur trade was one of the main reasons that the Iroquois and Algonquian tribes fought. They root of their conflicts was over land, food, and trade.
This benefited them as they were able to spread their religion throughout New France rapidly. Since the French had partnered up with the Ouendat and the Algonquian speaking First Nations, they had settled in the North. Luckily, they had access to thicker, rich-quality pelt, up in the North considering that the beavers had adapted from the cold weather. Fortunately, selling and claiming those rich-quality pelts had made the French receive a higher profit than usual. On the other hand, the First Nations still received ‘the usual’ and were not recognized for finding the rich-quality pelt that made the French wealthier. The Dutch and British however, received light pelts as the lived in the South. Overall, the French made a higher profit selling the thick, good-quality fur. Last but foremost, the fur trade consisted of many job opportunities. From portaging to treating people wounded from trading conflicts, the Fur trade had opened up new job opportunities to several future indentured servants and engages. Many people were getting hired as the demand for pelt became grew. Some of the jobs needed in the fur trade were missionary work, hunting and
The Canadian Fur Trade began when the French, new to the land, offered the natives of the land French goods such as kettles, knives, and other gifts, to create friendships; the natives gave the French fur pelts in exchange (Barbour 4). The fur trade “fostered the interchange of knowledge, technology, and material culture,” created a solid foundation for military alliances, and helped form new cultures and cultural identities (Foran 2). It was a way for the people of New France to keep alliances with the Aboriginal people against their common southern enemies, the British (Foran 22). The fur trade was the start of Canada and the life for people there, especially voyageurs. The fur trade shaped the economic, political, and social aspects of
Aboriginal women had occupied an essential position in the fur trade of the North American region from its birth during the 17th and 18th centuries. Even though this is true, the role of women, especially those of the Native American society, has been ignored a great deal in the entire history of fur trade. Contrary to the belief that the whole fur trade activity was only male-dominated, it very much depended upon Native women and their participation and labor in order to ensure survival as well as economic success. This paper will attempt to illuminate how Native women played the role as important producers when it comes to fur trade of the American Plains and, of course, the Canadian region. This paper will also deal with the two important company's namely the North West and Hudson's Bay Company and tell how each functioned during the time of fur trade. The term “fur traders” is the term often used to described anyone who was interested in the traffic of furs. The traditional picture has been that of a male in buckskin shirt and a raccoon cap, dispensing alcohol and trinkets to gullible savages, in turn for the quality furs worth 10 times their value.
In the mid-late 1800’s, Native americans flourished, but as white settlers began to move west, Native Americans were dismissed and neglected. Their land was continually claimed by the US, and the buffalo, their main resource, were hunted in massive amounts. As you can see, westward expansion greatly impacted Native American land and culture by terminating buffalo to extinction in the great plains, forcing the Native Americans to follow white practices, and breaking treaties by upholding massive amounts of American Indian land.
During the Columbian Exchange many things were traded; Beast of burden, grains, vegetables, fruits, plants, and many diseases. All of these have had a meaningful impact to the ‘new’ and ‘old’ world., but only a few have had a large and substantial effect on the world today. Those few items are corn to the ‘old’ world, horses to the ‘new’ and most importantly death to millions in the ‘new’ world due to smallpox.
1. The environment has played a large part in shaping how the Native Americans came to the Americas and how they lived there. To begin with, the Ice Age, which began around 2 million years ago, revealed a land bridge connecting Asia to North America, on which hunter gathers began to cross. Once the land bridge was submerged, about 10,000 years ago, the initial peoples of the Americas were able to move southward, eventually peopling all of the Americas. Secondly, the importance of the Native American’s environment heavily influenced their manipulation of their lands and their treatment of its resources. The Native Americans revered the physical world and endowed nature with spiritual properties. This in time led the Europeans to believe these
When the French arrived in the 1530’s and 1540’s they began trading seasonally for fur with the local natives as they dealt with fur, quickly creating strong ties between the two groups. As the French began traveling to the Americas they discovered they would return to France in the winter months traveling in heavy ships containing