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Antebellum period reform
An essay comparing and contrasting the motivation and methods of the reform movements of the antebellum period
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During the roughly 60 year time period of 1789-1849 in American history there was a great increase in the reform of education, this period being classified as the Antebellum era. This trend rising from the advancements in factories and production leading to urbanization. This centralization of society lead to the creation of social ills that need to be reformed, this feat was done so by the reforms to the education system of the time. Such examples of reform in the time included the altercation to the common school system, the creation of operatunity in schooling for free blacks as well as women, the advancements in school supplies and authority, and the role religion played in this greater picture. All of which come together to form the
education reform in Antebellum America.
During the time period of 1860 and 1877 many major changes occurred. From the beginning of the civil war to the fall of the reconstruction, the United States changed dramatically. Nearly one hundred years after the Declaration of Independence which declared all men equal, many social and constitutional alterations were necessary to protect the rights of all people, no matter their race. These social and constitutional developments that were made during 1860 to 1877 were so drastic it could be called a revolution.
The Antebellum Era between the years of 1825 to 1850 was abundant with many reform movements that signified great change within the people of the nation. Although many of these changes were good and lasting reforms, extremists’ stark views did the contrary and inhibited change. Luckily, reform movements such as the women’s rights movement, the abolition of slavery, and temperance all led the nation in the right direction towards the expansion of democratic ideals. These ideals encompass the belief that all citizens are equal and are entitled to certain unalienable rights.
The Antebellum period was a time of reform and improvement. After the War of 1812, America went through a period of westward expansion, patriotism and an economic emergence as a world power. Their new found power as a country inspired reformation. Abolitionists worked to end the institution of slavery through protests, rallies, and the formation of societies; women’s rights activists advocated in a similar way. Simultaneously, many Americans supported the government’s efforts to remove Native Americans from their own land. Americans during the Antebellum period were ambitious, but contradictory in their activism; while many activists fought for the rights of slaves and women, others sought to curtail rights of Native Americans.
Education did not form part of the life of women before the Revolutionary War and therefore, considered irrelevant. Women’s education did not extend beyond that of what they learned from their mothers growing up. This was especially true for underprivileged women who had only acquired skills pertaining to domesticity unlike elite white women during that time that in addition to having acquired domestic skills they learned to read a result becoming literate. However, once the Revolutionary War ended women as well as men recognized the great need for women to obtain a greater education. Nonetheless, their views in regards to this subject differed greatly in that while some women including men believed the sole purpose of educating women was in order to better fulfil their roles and duties as wives and mothers others believed the purpose of education for women was for them “to move beyond the household field.” The essays of Benjamin Rush and Judith Sargent Murray provide two different points of view with respects to the necessity for women to be well educated in post-revolutionary America.
Near the end of the Antebellum Era, tensions and sectionalism increased as the states argued over what was constitutional. The South had later seceded from the United States and had become the Confederacy of America while the North had remained as the Union. The South had fully supported states’ rights while the north had strongly disapproved it. However, westward expansion, southern anger with the abolitionists, and the secession of the South that had destroyed the feeling of unity in the country because of the disagreement over slavery had been the main factors to the cause of the Civil War. Therefore, since slavery was the primary reason for the discontent in the country, it had been the primary cause of the Civil War.
The antebellum period was full of social reform movements based on the urge to eradicate evil and improve human conditions in society. Despite the attempt to deal with a wide variety of reforms to provide positive changes to society these reform movements were met with varying degrees of success. This essay will focus on five of the major social reform movements of that era discussing their accomplishments, failures and impacts on America as a whole. They are the reforms of abolition, women’s suffrage, temperance, institutional and educational reforms. The reform movements of the 1830’s and 1840’s were largely due to humanitarian reasons because of a period of Enlightenment in the previous century which emphasized rational over irrational thought linking ideas about a responsibility to God and society to always improve.
The Age of Reform throughout 1825-1850 was a great turning point for American society. The ideas and beliefs throughout the reform movements greatly expanded the democratic ideals. Reform movements in the United States sought to express ideas through religion and education, start movements through abolition and temperance acts, expand beliefs by caring for the insane, and take a stand by speaking up for personal rights .
Colonial America of 1620-1776 began the system for free public education for all New England colonies except Rhode Island. Has this system for free schools been maintained in part by “public funding?’ The Puritans believed the local governments should see to it that all children learned to read the Bible. Without being able to read the Bible, the children would not know how to denounce Satan. The Eight General Assembly, provided, for the people of each county, by a two-thirds vote to tax themselves three and one-third cents per dollar for school purposes.
During the time period of 1825 until 1850, there were many reform movements that dealt with a variety of things. Some movements had to do with religion, and women rights, and these two are the ones that had the most affect on the expansion of democratic ideals in the United States.
period of American history. Those working for a social change did so under a variety of
Education is defined as the process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or university and is known as an enlightening experience. Before the 1820s the education system in the United States was a just disappointing to put it best. When the Second Great Awakening there was a new need for the public to no longer be so ignorant and uneducated on daily affairs. This need sprouted the sedulous to work for education and this soon became prominent to all members of society. Then it began: the push to improve the mockery that was the American education system.
1Kara DallyMrs. HesterAmerican History Honors16 November 2017Horace MannDuring the 1830s, Horace Mann changed the way America looked at public education. He used his own personal experiences in the public education system, and his main principles regarding public education and its troubles to create a change for the better in school systems. In the late 1820s and early 1830s, public education was a small factor in society. School years were short and it was not required for any child. Schools only attempt was to simply enroll as many students as possible, even though schools were on a small budget. The view on education during this era, was that kids only needed to know how to read and write and nothing more. Mann was determined to change this
In a famous passage, “The fight for justice against corruption is never easy. It never has been and never will be. It exacts a toll on our self, our families, our friends, and especially our children. In the end, I believe, as in my case, the price we pay is well worth holding on to our dignity.” ( Frank Serpico BrainyQuotes) With the current events in the 30's era affecting the adults and children everyone
Why was reform needed? Reform was needed because at the time, African Americans, women, and people with other various backgrounds were treated very unequally. People started to realize that everyone deserved civil rights, no matter the color, gender, or background. Describe the conditions before reform and after. Before the reform, people were unsatisfied with the current society aspects. But afterwards, laws and other changes to the nation created much more peace between citizens. For example, prior to the Prison Reform, people disagreed about how prisons operated. According to galegroup.com, they had “differing ideas about which crimes merit imprisonment, what length sentences should be, and how inmates should be treated.” As a result, new laws called for stricter and more severe penalties for
The increasing demand for ministers aided in the revival of schools because scholars were needed to train preachers and ministers. Colonial education was certainly a large innovation in history, for the concept of free schools was unknown in Europe at that time. The subjects were set in place to help students succeed in life through arithmetic for business; languages to communicate, debate, and preach; and reading to provide access to the Bible and to understand contracts, government documents, and laws. A few schools under more learned schoolmasters even offered language classes in