Annotated Bibliography: The New Learning Paradigm

Anna Borkowski

Learning Frameworks

Annotated Bibliography

Kivunja, C. (2015). Teaching Students to Learn and to Work Well with 21st Century Skills:

Unpacking the Career and Life Skills Domain of the New Learning Paradigm.

International Journal Of Higher Education, 4(1), 1-11.

According to Kivunja (2014a, p.860), “The New Learning Paradigm” is captured in the formula: “JR21CS = f (TCS + CLS + DLS)” Kivunja’s (2014, p.86) formula is the composition of many idealistic skills including: Job Readiness With 21st Century Skills,

Traditional Core Skills, Learning and Innovations Skills, Career and Life Skills, and

Digital Literacy Skills (Kivunja 2014, p. 86). This new paradigm was created because previous skills that were used for success in

To be able to successfully use 21st Century Skills effectively, students must have core academic knowledge and “basic skills” such as: critical thinking, effective communication and collaboration, and problem solving (P21, 2009, p.1).

Kivunja (2014b) states that having a substantial understanding of core academics and basic skills guarantee 21st century skills in his formula’s areas.

Five elements of career and life skills needed to succeed include: “flexibility and adaptability, imitative and self-direction, social and self-direction, productivity and accountability, and leadership and responsibility skills.” Students can be taught, in any environment, hot to manage goals and time, how to be an independent worker, and how to be a self-directed learner (P21, 2011). All these things can be learned and taught through well thought out plans and strategies.

My takeaway from this article is that in today’s ever changing and growing world and society, we, as people, must be constantly changing and improving ourselves. To change ourselves, we must first have basic skills and education. Once we have those attributes in our life, we build them up so that failing or being average is not an

My takeaway from this study is that it does not matter the quality of the course, it just matters the amount of effort you put into it. Even though this article was about student-teachers it can still be useful for any student on their academic journey.

Kee, C. L., & Samsudin, Z. (2014). Mobile Devices: Toys or Learning Tools for the 21st

Century Teenagers?. Turkish Online Journal Of Educational Technology - TOJET, 13(3),

107-122.

A study conducted by the Universiti Sains Malaysia in Malaysia researched and studied the correlation between the number of hours spent on a mobile device and that subject’s unique learning qualities. Based on the study, the student with the highest amount of hours used on technology was primarily for non-learning activity, while the median number of the data was using almost half non-learning and learning. It was also found that people who social network are able to learn anywhere. My takeaway from this study is that technology can be used in a positive or negative way. Also, the way you use technology can help you learn and gain new skills.

Copriady, J. (2014). Self- Motivation as a Mediator for Teachers' Readiness in Applying ICT