Anna Johnson Pell Wheeler was born Anna Johnson on May 5, 1883 in Hawarden, Iowa. Her maiden name is Anna Johnson. She was the third daughter of Swedish immigrants. Her parents names are Andrew and Amelia Johnson.She lived there until the age of nine when her family moved to Akron, Ohio. There she was enrolled into a private school. After Anna graduated from high school in 1899 she enrolled into the University of South Dakota. Anna's sister, who also enrolled at the university, rented a room from the mathematics professor, Alexander Pell, with her. Alexander Pell encouraged Anna to continue her studies after earning her A.B. degree in 1903 after he recognizing her exceptional mathematical abilities.
After Anna graduated from the University of South Dakota she began graduate work at the University of Iowa. She then made a thesis The extension of Galois theory to linear differential equations, which earned her a masters degree in 1904. One year later she earned a second graduate degree from Radcliffe College. At Radcliffe College she took courses from Maxime Bocher and William Fogg Osgood.
She won an Alice Freeman Palmer Fellowship from Wellesley College in 1905. This granted her one year at the University of Gottingen. There she studied under David Hilbert, Felix Klein, Hermann Minkowski, and Karl Schwarzschild. Her relationship with Alexander Pell while she worked toward a doctorate intensified. After her year at at the University of Gottingen Alexander Pell traveled to Gottingen. There they were married in July of 1907. Pell was a former Russian double agent whose real name was Sergey Degayev. This made the trip to Gottingen a significant threat to his life.
The Pells returned to Vermilion, South Dakota after the wedding. T...
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... an excellent teacher who inspired all of her students, even if they were undergraduates, with her huge love for mathematics. Aware of the difficulties of women being mathematicians, seven women under her direction received doctorates at Bryn Mawr. Anna took her students to mathematical meetings oftenly. She also urged the women to participate on an equal professional level with men. She had great enthusiasm to teach all she knew about mathematics. She loved learning all she could about mathematics. Anna was a big contributor to mathematics. Anna was gifted in this department. She spent most of her life trying to achieve her accomplishments. She truly is a hero to women. She achieved all of these accomplishments when women mathematicians were very uncommon. She deserved all the awards and achievements she won. Judy Green and Jeanne Laduke, science historians, stated,
Martha started her college education at Minor Normal School, in Washington D.C. Myrtella Miner was an abolitionist from New York State, in 1851 she opened the normal school for colored girls to train young black women to become teachers. She then went on to attend Smith College in Massachusetts. While attending Smith College, she went on to earn her Bachelor’s degree in mathematics and a minor in psychology in 1914. She then received her Master’s degree in education from the University of Chicago in 1930. By the time she reached age 53 she had received
#3. Jane Addams - Education. http:// womenshistory.about.com/cs/addamseducation/index.htm>.
of the greatest women such as Lucretia Mott. But it was still not enough for a major
Admiral Grace Murray Hopper is known as one of the first female computer scientists and the mother of Corbel programming. Hopper was born on December 9, 1906 in New York City and was the oldest of three children. Even as a child she loved played with gadgets, disassembling items such an alarm clocks to determine how they worked (Norman). Hopper parents and siblings had a huge impact on her life. Her father who was a successful insurance broker inspired Hopper to pursue higher education and not limit her to typical feminine roles during that time (Norman). Hopper excelled in school graduating from Vassar College in 1928 with a BA in mathematic and physics (Rajaraman 2). She later went on to receive her MA in mathematics from Yale University in 1930 and her PhD in 1943 (Rajaraman 2).
Since girls were not permitted to attend any college preparatory schools, she decided to go to a general finishing school. There she studied and became certified to teach English and French. Soon after she altered her mind and decided that she wanted to pursue an education in mathematics. In 1904 Erlangen University accepted Emmy as one of the first female college students. In 1907 she received a Ph.D. in mathematics from this University. From 1908 to 1915 she worked at the Mathematical Institute of Erlangen without getting compensated or titled. The only reason she was permitted to work there was because she was helping her dad out by lecturing for his class when he was out sick. During these years she worked with Algebraist Ernst Otto Fisher and also started to work on theoretical algebra, which would make her a known mathematician in the future. She started working at the mathematical Institute in Göttingen and started to assist with Einstein’s general relativity theory. In 1918 she ended up proving two theorems which were a fundamental need f...
In 1904, her mother died and her father sent her to a private school in Jacksonville.
She was a feminist woman with great courage and good will. She was always reminded and thanked for her good strong actions that showed feminism was something possible. Amelia received a letter from the Clarksburg Rotary Club in which it said, “Congratulations your daring solo across the Atlantic placed womans achievements in aviation at a new high mark in history welcome back to our shoes.” This letter shows how big of an inspiration and leader Amelia Earhart was through her outstanding expedition. Amelia was also determined aside from her own goals to help other women. In the article “Who is Amelia Earhart?” by Marion Perkins, he shares some of his knowledge about Amelia, in the article he shares some of Amelia Earhart’s personal notes which said, “I shall try to keep my contact with the women who have come to class; Mrs. S. and her drunken husband, Mrs. F’s struggle to get her husband here, Mrs. Z. to get her papers in the face of odds, all are problems that are hard to relinquish after a year’s friendship.” This short but meaningful note written by Amelia shows the way she cared and wanted to help other women get the education they deserved and have more opportunities. Amelia was also a great role model for many women because her expedition across the Atlantic Ocean was a reminder and proof that anything was possible. Susan Ware wrote, “Amelia shared this
Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was born October 11, 1884 in New York to Anna Hall and Elliot Bulloch Roosevelt. Her real name is Anna but she preferred to go by her middle name, Eleanor. She had 3 brothers named Hall, Elliott Mann, and Elliott Jr. but one of them died along with both of her parents when she was young. After her parents died she lived with her grandma until she went to college. She attended Allenwood Academy in London at age 15 and was greatly influenced by her headmistress Marie Souvestre. Souvestre taught her many things and helped to make her become the wise woman she was. She then returned to the United States when she was 21 and married Franklin D. Roosevelt on St. Patricks Day, who was actually her fifth cousin once removed. They had 6 kids together named Anna, James, Franklin, Elliott, Franklin Jr., and John. Shortly after they had all their kids, Eleanor’s husband Franklin got polio. She helped him to continue his presidential campaign even though he was sick.
She was revered by many people in her time, a time when women struggled to get that reverence. At the university, she was Dean of Women, a member of the Arizona Board of Regents from 1951 to 1959, and Special Assistant to the University President John Schaefer. My mother told me that
She had many struggles trying to receive higher education because of the restrictions women had when it came to furthering ones education. But after many attempts, she was able to study with the great German mathematician Karl Weierstrass. She worked with him for the next four years and then in 1874, received her doctorate. By this time, she had published numerous original papers in the field of higher mathematical analysis and applications to astronomy and physics. But despite all her attempts, and brilliance, she was still a woman in her time period, and therefore unable to find a job in academia. Weierstrass had tried helping her find a job because he was astonished with her abilities and intellectual capacity, but had no luck because after all, she was still a woman.
Rosalind Franklin: Seeing a woman as a scientist during this time is somewhat rare, so the fact that she has taken up this profession show that she is persistent, dedicated, and smart. The only problem is that she is undervalued because of her gender. She is also very quiet and reserved because she’s in a different country.
Who is Alice Walker? Her full name is Alice Malsenior Walker. She was born on February 9, 1944 in Eatonton, Georgia. She was the eight and youngest child of Minnie Tallulah Grant Walker and Willie Lee Walker. Her parents were poor sharecroppers. In the summer of 1952 Alice Walker is blinded in her right eye due to a BB gun pellet while she was playing “cowboys and indian” with her brother. When graduating high school in 1961, she was her school’s valedictorian and was the prom queen that year. She went to Spelman College in Atlanta, Georgia on scholarship. While in Spelman as a freshman, Alice Walker participated in the civil rights demonstrations. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. invited her to the Youth World Peace Festival in Helsinki, Finland. After attending the conference she started to love traveling around meeting many people and cultures of the world. She traveled to Washington D.C. to participate in the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. She was also there to hear Dr. Martin Luther King’s “I Have A Dream” speech. She returned to Spelman College for her junior year. She found out that she has received a scholarship to Sarah Lawrence College in New York. Walker was planning to stay at Spelman, but after her teacher has encouraged her to attend Sarah Lawrence she decide to accept the challenge. In Sarah Lawrence, Walker enjoyed the teaching of poetry by Muriel Ruykeyser and writer Jane Cooper who nurtured her interest and talent in writing.
Grace Hopper was a very important figure and leader in relation to the early beginnings of computing and programming languages. Grace has a very wide range of work experience, including being a prominent educator, working on subroutines for the Mark 1 computer (which ended up being used as calculations for the Manhattan Project), is credited with being the designer of COBOL (the first versatile programming language capable of running on many different computers or hardware configurations), and invented the compiler, “that allowed the computers to, in effect, help program themselves” (301). Grace is also known for her role of bringing programming into a more gender neutral practice, rather than something seen as a male-only activity. I decided
One of the strongest women scientist/astronomer was born in 1818 as Maria Mitchell whom led an unbelievable life and had an incredible discovery. Maria Mitchell was born when women were not given the opportunity to vote nor did women have the same equal rights as men did, but given her circumstances of her father being a principal, founding his own school and being a distant family member of Benjamin Franklin she was given the same rights as the men did. Given a few obstacles she led an extraordinary life and became the first woman in America to work as an astronomer professionally, which she than later received an award personally from King Frederick VII, for her work and discovery.
Walker graduated from high school as valedictorian and prom queen, attended Spelman College after receiving a disability scholarship from the state of Georgia, then in 1963 transferred to Sarah Lawrence College where she graduated in 1965 with a B.A. She was involved with civil rights movement in Mississippi where she lived for seven years. During that time she also got married to a lawyer by the name of Meyvn Rosenman Leventhal and had her daughter Rebecca. In 1967 she wrote The Third Life of Grange Copeland while on fellowship at Macdowell Colony in New Hampshire. In 1973 she released a collection of short stories that dealt with the oppression, the insanities, the loyalties and triumphs of black women. Love and trouble won Walker the American Academy and Institutions of Arts and Letters Rosenthal award.