This study into osteoarthritis was made in an attempt to better understand how Hellenistic Greek colonization (620 BCE-229 BCE) may have bioculturally impacted the ancient Illyrians, who were traditionally a transhumant pastoral society. Some of the questions I was attempting to illustrate through this study was whether or not the Illyrians became the new labor force in the region, and if the Illyrian way of life change drastically after Greek colonial expansion. In order to understand these changes, this thesis tested the null hypothesis that there were no differences in workloads and life for the inhabitants of Corinthian, Apollonian, Epidamnus, and Lofkënd did not change regardless of pre- or post-colonization. Comparisons of osteoarthritis …show more content…
The author of this paper delves into various Amerindian osteoarthritis studies, in an effort to compare results and determine if any commonalities can be found between these varying groups. Many of these groups have traditionally had been hunter/gatherers who transitioned to agriculture or even fishing. Ultimately, these studies found that changes in subsistence practices did not result in a higher frequency of osteoarthritis among various Native Americans, regardless of what they practiced. Researchers found that osteoarthritis patterns were not indicative of one subsistence economy over another in prehistoric societies (Bridges, 1992:71). However, some of these studies into Amerindian societies show that levels of osteoarthritis did increase after intensification of agricultural practices, particularly in the vertebral area (Bridges, …show more content…
These studies also determined that other causes for osteoarthritis among Amerindian groups was an increase in warfare, which created injuries and caused bones and/or joints to remodel. Some of the Native Americans also began settling into larger groups; thereby, altering their social complexities. One of the byproducts of variations in social dynamics could conceivably be changes of a groups life expectancy (Bridges, 1992:80). These changes in life expectancy can sometimes create a bias in the skeletal record towards one age group over other age groups in regards to osteoarthritis. This can be seen in the study of the Illyrians who settled in and around the Greek colonies. As we saw in the comparison of the hip, thoracic vertebrae, and temporomandibular joints from these six sites, there was not an overall increase in osteoarthritis, regardless of age or sex. Therefore, we can conclude that the local inhabitants were not subjected to overly undue hardship following Greek colonial
The skeleton had a hideous impact to the community and was predicted by local investigators to be reasonably modern. To get better understanding and avoid confusion, a bone sample was sent to a laboratory in the USA for investigation and analysation using series of scientific
There are three parts in West’s book; the first part focuses on the sociological, ecological and economic relationships of the plains Indians, starting with the first establish culture of North America, the Clovis peoples. Going into extensive detail pertaining to early geology and ecology, West gives us a glimpse into what life on the early plains must have looked to early peoples. With vastly differing flora and fauna to what we know today, the early plains at the end of the first ice age, were a different place and lent itself to a diverse way of life. The Clovis peoples were accomplished hunters, focusing on the abundance of Pleistocene megafauna such as earlier, larger forms of bison. Though, little human remains were found, evidence of their s...
Renfrew, Colin. The Emergence of Civilisation: The Cyclades and the Aegean in the Third Millennium B.C. London: Metheun 1972.
Throughout this semester, our cultural anthropology class has discussed numerous ideas, norms and beliefs from various cultures to help us, as students, better understand the world around us. As part of our final project, we were assigned to read an ethnography book and relate the culture we learn about to the topics we have discussed in class. For this assignment, I chose to read an ethnography book written by Bruce C. Trigger and titled, The Huron: Farmers of the North.
American Indians have had health disparities as result of unmet needs and historical traumatic experiences that have lasted over 500 hundred years.1(p99) Since first contact American Indians have been exposed to infectious disease and death2(p19), more importantly, a legacy of genocide, legislated forcible removal, reservation, termination, allotment, and assimilation3. This catastrophic history had led to generational historical traumas and contributes to the worst health in the United States.2 American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) represent 0.9 percent of the United States population4(p3) or 1.9 million AI/AN of 566 federally recognized tribes/nations.5 American Indians/Alaska Natives have significantly higher mortality rates of intentional and unintentional injuries, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease and chronic lower respiratory disease than other American.6
Robbins Burling, David F. Armstrong, Ben G. Blount, Catherine A. Callaghan, Mary Lecron Foster, Barbara J. King, Sue Taylor Parker, Osamu Sakura, William C. Stokoe, Ron Wallace, Joel Wallman, A. Whiten, Sherman Wilcox and Thomas Wynn. Current Anthropology, Vol. 34, No. 1 (Feb., 1993), pp. 25-53
As children, students are taught from textbooks that portray Native Americans and other indigenous groups as small, uncivilized, mostly nomadic groups with ways of life that never changed or disfigured the land. Charles Mann’s account of Indian settlements’ histories and archaeological findings tell us otherwise. Mann often states in his book 1491: New Revelations of the Americas before Columbus that the indigenous groups of North and South America were far more advanced and populous than students are taught. He focuses on many different cultural groups and their innovations and histories that ultimately led to either their demise or modern day inhabitants.
The Iliad alone would never have been a reliable source without archaeological evidence to verify the actuality of a Trojan war. Therefore archaeologists have been working on the site known as hissarlik since the 1800’s to uncover truths about the myth. Frank Calv...
Moore, Dianne-Jo. "The importance of friendship." Arthritis Today, Nov.-Dec. 1988, p. 40+. General OneFile, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A7055948/ITOF?u=wylrc_wyomingst&sid=ITOF&xid=1a078a2f. Accessed 28 Nov. 2017.
Nardo, Don. The Ancient Greeks at Home and at Work. 1st ed. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 2004. Print.
In this essay I am going to write about health issues related to Native American. “Many thousands of years before Christopher Columbus’ ships arrived in the Bahamas, a different group of people discovered America: the nomadic ancestors of modern Native Americans who hiked over a “land bridge” from Asia to Alaska more than 12,000 years ago. In fact, by the time European adventurers arrived in the 15th century A.D., scholars estimate that more than 50 million people were already living in the Americas. Of these, some 10 million lived in the area that would become the United States.” (Stuff, History. "Native American Cultures." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2009. Web). 19 Feb. 2016. Native American divided to 10 tribes: the Arctic, the Subarctic, the Northeast, the Southeast, the Plains, the Southwest, the Great Basin, California, the Northwest Coast and the Plateau. Since the sellers came to the United State of America they came from Europe they brought a lot of different diseases with them. That What caused the death of a lot of Native Americans in the first place that would make the Native American so sick and they start to die even before they
The development of an empire is a change strongly emphasized in the Archeology as a radical departure from the Hellenic tradition, and consequently a major source of conflict among the Greeks. Prior to the adven...
Kaltsas, Nikos E. Athens-Sparta. New York, NY: Alexander S. Onassis Public Benefit Foundation (USA) in Collaboration with the National Archaeological Museum, Athens, 2006. Print.
Osteoporosis is a disease in which the bones become so weak and brittle that even a cough can cause enough stress on the bone that it will cause the bone to facture. The most commonly broken bones are the hip, wrist, and the spine. Although it affects men and women of all races, post-menopausal Caucasian and Asian women are more commonly affected than those of other ethnicities and sexes. In fact, thirty percent of all post-menopausal women in the US and Europe will be diagnosed with Osteoporosis and at least 40 percent of those will suffer from a fracture in their lifetime.
Because of the tranquil times, the civilization’s society had more time to focus on writing, math, astronomy, and artistic fields, as well as trade and metallurgy. Out of all the city-states of Greece, two excelled over all the rest, Sparta and Athens. Even though they were the most advanced and strong civilizations, they were bitter enemies. While Athens focused mainly on the people’s democracy and citizen rights, Sparta were ferocious and enslaved its original inhabitants, making them unable to leave and kept under a close eye to prevent insurgence (History of Greece:The Golden Age of Greece). Additionally, Sparta had strict and trained soldiers that underwent intense physical exercising and instruction.