Kayla is a third grade girl. She has 3 older siblings and 2 younger siblings. All are currently in the school system. All 7 students suffer from the same problem; they are constantly absent from school. Kayla’s grades have plummeted. At the beginning of the school year Kayla was an average student with areas of concern in reading. She showed documented progression in her Dibels and Weekly tests. In November, Kayla’s dad lost his job and has had little luck finding a long term position. He tries to find jobs in neighboring towns. Kayla’s mom has picked up a position at the neighborhood steakhouse/bar. She now works nights. There have been signs of alcohol abuse by dad and the older siblings are responsible for getting the younger siblings to school. Kayla and her siblings have all been referred to the Student Assistant Team (SAT). The team is wondering if the surge of absences this semester will have a long term effect on Kayla and are trying to decide what if anything they can do for her or her siblings.
This scenario is not uncommon for many districts. Absenteeism has become an epidemic that is getting out of control. Many districts are now finding that the absent children are not just affecting the outcome of their grades but can also affect their peer’s grades, teacher’s plans, and standardized testing results.
Why are children absent? There are four main variables for absences in school. Those factors include family, school, economic and student variables. As Kayla’s life, family problems can change the dynamics of a situation. There is an apparent lack of parental supervision of the children. Other family problems can include drugs, alcohol, mental illness and domestic violence. All of these can stop a...
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...rnor Heineman Signs Bill Updating Nebraska
Truancy Statutes. May 11, 2011. Retrieved November 29, 2011, from.
http://www.governor.nebraska.gov/columns/2011/05/11
Heineman, Governor Dave (2011). Back to School. Retrieved December 1, 2011, from
http://www.governor.nebraska.gov/columns/2011/08/12_back_to_school.html
Magee, Maureen. (2010). Sign On San Diego. School Absenteeism has its Costs.
Retrieved December 2, 2011, from
http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2010/aug/28/school-absenteeism-has-financial-social-costs/
Scotts Bluff Star-Herald (2011). Kearney Hub. Truancy Solution. Retrieved November
30, 2011, from
http://www.kearneyhub.com/news/opinion/article_d9ded5ee-c751-11e0-88c5
SDA Public Schools (2011). Importance of School Attendance and Being to School on
Time. Retrieved December 2, 2011, from http://www.sdarockets.org
In this essay, the author
Explains that kayla is a third grade girl with 3 older siblings and 2 younger siblings. all 7 students suffer from the same problem; they are constantly absent from school.
Explains that absent children affect peer grades, teacher plans, and standardized testing results. absenteeism has become an epidemic that is getting out of control.
Explains that there are four main variables for absences in school: family, school, economic and student variables. other family problems include drugs, alcohol, mental illness, and domestic violence.
Explains that school climate can be a factor in absences, and that many students feel that their diversified needs are not being met.
Explains that poverty can cause issues of day care, lack of transportation for children and adults, and is a leading cause of high mobility rates.
Explains that student variables play an enormous role in the aspects of attending or not attending school. academic problems stemming from learning disabilities/difficulties and social behavior problems, struggle with drug and alcohol problems or mental illnesses.
Explains that parents and students don't understand why their absence of one day every few weeks is an issue or why taking their child out for a holiday is frowned upon by districts.
Explains that districts can lose funding based on absenteeism. if the bodies are not present, the money will not be either.
Explains that teachers have to find different ways to keep students up-to-date on information they have gone over in class; students that are not in attendance run the risk of losing information.
Explains that low test scores are a major issue for districts. in nebraska, truant 11th graders scored about 30 points lower than those who missed fewer than 20 days.
Explains that nebraska is trying to combat truancy issues through the legal system by updating nebraska school law with the revision of pl 79-257.
Opines that educating parents is the first step towards lowering truancy from schools. parents need to be informed of the harmful affects absences have on their child's education.
Explains how districts can help keep students in attendance by creating a school climate that is safe from bullies, racism, and diversity.
Explains that teachers are adapting their teaching methods to meet the needs of the ever growing population of absent students. technology has become a pinnacle practice in the classroom.
Opines that it is important for schools to establish the importance of being present everyday to the child, parent, and guardian. ensuring the laws are understood and the consequences that are to follow is vital to sustaining communication.
Opines that it is time for the school to step in and communicate with the parents about the importance of getting their children to school.
Cites hein, jen raie, cradduck, ashley. governor heineman signs bill updating nebraskatruancy statutes.
Explains that school absenteeism has financial-social-costs. kearney hub. truancy solution.
Sylva, Kathy, and Evans, Emma. “Preventing Failure at School.” Children and Society 13 Sep. 1999: 9p. Academic Search Premier. EBSCOhost. University of Denver Penrose Library, Denver. 19 Jan. 2005
In this essay, the author
Explains that after school programs are increasing the level of literacy in children kindergarten through sixth grade because they were created to help children increase their literacy level.
Explains that the funk and wagnalls dictionary defines illiteracy as the inability to read and write, an error in speaking or writing.
Argues that the problem of illiteracy in children is associated with schools.
Explains that schools cannot allot extra time to help children grasp the concepts of reading and writing. the class size can also influence the amount of time a teacher has available for help.
Explains that after school programs were created to help schools provide adequate help in increasing children's literacy levels.
Argues that spending money to help children be able to read and write would be cheaper than waiting to start them because the prices for school materials, building space, etc. become increasingly higher.
Explains that sometimes money does not have to be spent for after school programs because some of them are non-profit.
Analyzes how the student literacy corps' arch after school program helped increase the level of literacy in children from kindergarten through sixth grade.
Explains that the article "after-school programs support children's literacy development" in the 2003 edition of parks and recreation claimed that "homework help in after-school programs can benefit the literacy development of children."
Explains that after-school programs increase the literacy development of children kindergarten through sixth grade by providing creative approaches to literacy.
Explains that after school programs make it easier for children to increase their literacy levels by providing easily attainable locations.
Explains that after school programs provide disciplined areas with leadership that allow children to concentrate on their studies and increase literacy.
Opines that the leadership displayed by the director was inadequate and the after school program did not advance the literacy levels of the children that participated in the program.
Explains that after school programs encourage children to have self-esteem, motivation, and confidence that they are able to achieve the goals that are set for them, which motivates them to increase their literacy levels.
Explains that after school programs have a better chance of increasing the level of literacy in children kindergarten through sixth grade. they need the support of schools, libraries, and community centers.
Opines that after school programs should be available as a place where children are not afraid to come and seek help for their literacy problems.
Explains the effect of after school programs being shut down is that there would be a drop in the literacy level of children kindergarten through sixth grade.
Explains that after school programs were created to help schools increase children's literacy levels, but we cannot assume that they are completing this assignment unless we are given proof.
Explains that after-school programs support children’s literacy development. parks and recreation apr. 2003: 1 par. academic search premier.
Summarizes biancarosa, snow, and snow's report, "reading next – a vision for action and research in middle and high school literacy: a report from carnegie corporation of new york."
Analyzes browne, j. zamgba's "community educator crusades against the closing of a harlem literacy center."
Explains clark, caroline t., "unfolding narratives of service learning: reflections on teaching, literacy, and positioning in service relationships." journal of adolescent & adult literacy dec. 2002: 42 par.
Explains gaughan, karen k. community relations guide for volunteer literacy programs.
Explains that after-school programs must engage interests, parents, students say. education week nov. 2004: 27 par. academic search premier. university of denver penrose library, denver.
Cites sylva, kathy, and evans, emma. “preventing failure at school.” children and society 13 sep. 1999: 9p. academic search premier.
At-risk students share the potential for failure to achieve their success in school due to factors with socioeconomic status, family variables, academic deficiencies, or physical/neurological impairment ( ). It is a common belief that the majority of at-risk students will not complete school through grade 12. It is estimated that 25% of students in this country will dropout before High School graduation ( ). Some 30% of urban school students will dropout by the time they enter the eighth grade ( ). These statistics are probably conservative because they do not reflect the number of students who have already encountered circumstances placing them at-risk and have not yet been identified. Rossi and Stringfield (1995) estimated that by the year 2020 the majority of students will be living in circumstances placing them at-risk. The characteristics of at-risk students will be identified along with the prevalence of at-risk children in our society. The educational role in working with at-risk children will be reviewed and specific educational techniques/programs will be discussed.
In this essay, the author
Argues that identifying factors that place children at-risk is important for educators to know and understand so a child is not always deemed as "bad".
Explains how schools and educators can meet the needs of at-risk students through small group work, tutoring, and alternative schools. motivation and frequent opportunities for success must be involved in order for the program to be appealing and rewarding.
Argues that school failure for at-risk students results from the fact that all children are expected to learn a specified battery of skills in so many years.
Explains that at-risk students share the potential for failure to achieve their success in school due to socioeconomic status, family variables, academic deficiencies, or physical/neurological impairment.
Explains that teachers should encourage students to use self-talk and affirmations, and provide a variety of learning strategies to enhance the learning of at-risk students.
The literature review research and articles ranged in dates from 1995 to 2013. These articles are composed of over 50 studies, with the results being compared and evaluated over a vast time. The researchers examined the students’ permanent school records, documented the students’ gender, socioeconomic status, grade retained or intervened, teacher assigned grades, reading and mathematics, and the students’ standardized test scores (Rust & Wallace, 1993). Grade appropriate standardized test...
In this essay, the author
Explains that the u.s. department of education reported that social promotion and holding kids back without help is a successful strategy for improving learning. the response to intervention model helps teachers anticipate potential learning problems for early interventions.
Explains that the literature review research and articles ranged in dates from 1995 to 2013, with the results being compared and evaluated over a vast time.
States that at least 13 states have implemented policies requiring students to pass standardized testing at the third grade level or face the possibility of grade retention.
Explains that principals and classroom teachers consider the processes and negotiating the list of students who will be nominated for early grade retention. research shows 40% of the nation’s fourth graders read below basic levels is an indication for the need of interventions to prevent reading failure.
Explains that reading is the most important skill taught in elementary schools. in one research study, educators reacted in the affirmative regarding retaining students based on academic performance.
Explains that students who participated in intense interventions liked being a part of special reading groups, gained rewards for hard work, and learned new things. teachers complained about the lack of collaboration with general education teachers during the research phases.
Explains that seven research articles containing statistical studies show the characteristics of the students who are retained in the early grades of elementary school show little variance.
Explains that the researcher considered 10 articles, which explored intense early grade intervention methods. the early intervention programs included 62 elementary schools from 17 states, covering seven of the nine, federal census regions.
Explains that seven kindergarten students and one first grade student received 20 minutes of supplemental reading instruction for three days a week for sixteen, twelve, and eight weeks.
Explains that an urban school with 1200 pre-k through eighth grade students performed a study with 335 of its students and 17 first and second grade teachers.
Explains that poor reading skills lead to poor academic performance and this has spurred a national concern about the failure rate of children.
Explains that reading is one of the most researched topics in education and yet answers vary concerning the best practices for all students. intervention is the act of coming into or between so as to hinder or alter an action.
Explains how assessments serve three important purposes: identifying students in need of supplemental education, guiding instructional planning, and monitoring student progress.
Explains that daily, fast-paced, structured lessons are important in helping students accelerate in their reading development. the text used for early interventions should be sequenced from simple to complex to allow students to begin at a level they are able to succeed.
Explains that the best reading intervention programs rely on quality initial education along with early specific and ongoing assessments of students' achievement in critical areas of basic educational skills.
Explains that teachers should keep detailed records of implemented objectives, successes, challenges, and any new questions. schools and districts can support the teachers by providing training modules, which include research-based, practical hands-on strategies.
Explains that teachers reported that retention in early grades prevented future failures and helped schools meet required standards. students who repeated the same grade showed improvement while repeating the grade.
Explains that students can overcome the effects of a poor start in learning to read by providing high-quality instruction in the essential elements.
Cites cooper, mcwilliams, boschken, i, and pistochini, l. stopping reading failure: reading intervention for intermediate grade students.
Cites duff, fieldsend, bowyer-crane, & hulme, c. (2008). "reading with vocabularyintervention: evaluation of an instruction for children with poor response to reading intervention."
Cites jenkins, schiller, blackorby, thayer, & tilly, w. (2013). responsiveness tointervention in reading: architecture and practices.
Cites jimerson, kaufman, and simerson for their research on reading, writing and retention.
Explains that delayed school entry reduces later grade retentions anduse of special education services.
Analyzes the perceptions of primary gradeteachers and elementary principals about the effectiveness of grade-level retention.
Cites reynolds, m., wheldall, k. and madeline, a. (2011). what recent reviews tell us about theefficiency of reading interventions for struggling readers in the early years of schooling
Explains that instructional psychology, 20(2), 162-166, is a meta-analysis of assessment data for individual students.
Explains that the timing of grade retention makes adifference? examining the effects of early versus later retention.
In an age where getting a good education is increasingly a predictor of future success and stability, many of our youth are at-risk of falling behind in classes and dropping out of high school. Approximately half of all American adolescents engage in activities that put them at-risk and endanger their ability to succeed (Lingren, 1997). Not all of these adolescents will drop out of high school or end up on the streets, but a substantial number of them will not reach their potential in school and may carry feelings of failure with them the rest of their lives. Adolescents spend approximately seven hours a day, five days a week, in middle and high schools, making schools a logical place where at-risk adolescents might receive help. Realizing that this is a crucial time in their development, educators have instituted numerous school programs targeting these adolescents to help them succeed and catch-up to their peers.
In this essay, the author
Explains that half of all american adolescents engage in activities that put them at-risk and endanger their ability to succeed.
Explains that the paper will focus on adolescents who are at-risk educationally, and what strategies have proven effective at preventing dropouts and helping them catch up to normal levels for their grade.
Explains that as a child who is behind educationally gets older, his or her chances of getting caught up to grade level decrease. it is important that educational programs are developed that successfully target adolescents in higher-grade levels.
Explains that three main theories describe how adolescents come to fall into the category of being at-risk in the first place, and each theory suggests a different model of remedial intervention.
Explains that developmental deficit theory postulates that the at-risk child missed out on important developmental experiences, probably because of inadequate education or deficiencies in the home environment.
Explains that the institutional pathology theory believes that social institutions like school and the family are not treating the child properly. subscribers to this theory try to correct the flawed institutions that are viewed as putting the children at-risk.
Explains how phi delta kappa began the largest study on predicting risk among adolescents and devised a reliable risk-assessment scale.
Explains that frymier's study found that children at-risk in one category were often at risk in several or all of the others.
Explains pearl, polk & kobron identified five basic psychological needs that are especially important for at-risk adolescents in relation to school: they need to feel competent, like they belong, useful, optimistic, and see themselves as proactive and in control.
Analyzes how a national survey of seventh grade practices and how they related to student needs found four highly responsive practices, including group advisory periods, interdisciplinary teacher teams, remedial instruction programs, and "school transition" activities.
Opines that successful programs should address the special needs of students, but they cannot account for all of the variables that put them at-risk.
Explains that teachers, administrators, policy-makers, and researchers have worked hard to create and test programs that meet the needs of students at-risk. the current rates of dropout and adolescent engagement in risky behaviors clearly calls for more effective intervention.
Explains that programs can be grouped into three models: treatment, pacification, and prevention. treatment programs try to fix at-risk students with social workers, counselors, or remedial programs.
Explains that title 1 provides additional educational services to the nation's poorest and lowest achieving students. it was reauthorized in 1994 by president clinton.
Explains that the no child left behind act of 2001 is the biggest reform of the elementary and secondary education act (esea) since it was created in 1965.
Opines that while the no child left behind act is based on good principles, it says very little about how it will accomplish its goals and help disadvantaged students learn.
Explains the promoting achievement in school through sport program, created by the american sports institute and designed for middle and high school students.
Explains that cross-age tutoring programs, usually funded by title 1, have been implemented across the country. high school students who are below their grade level in reading are paired with young elementary schools who tutor several times a week.
Explains that some schools required high school students to maintain a better gpa to participate in tutoring programs. sagor felt that these programs worked so well because at-risk tutors were able to experience pleasure before they were asked to improve their reading skills
Opines that although smaller school programs for students at-risk have shown some positive results, some educators believe that comprehensive, whole school reform models are most effective.
Explains that the talent development middle school model (tdms) is based on a whole school reform model, but it seeks to improve and eliminate some of the whole-school model’s weaknesses.
Opines that educational systems must change to reflect the belief that all children are capable of learning and succeeding.
Opines that if educators truly believe that all children can succeed, reforms are needed in special education and grade retention practices.
Opines that successful intervention programs for adolescents at-risk are sometimes constrained by lack of financial resources and trained professionals. education reform bills have promised increased funding and support, but these resources must be used to construct programs that have demonstrated positive results.
Concludes that millions of adolescents in our country are at-risk of failing school and harming themselves. successful educational programs can reduce or eliminate educational failure and help students develop positive self-images.
Cites brown v. board of education and center for law and education.
Explains that special education for the mildly retarded—is much of it justifiable?
Cites grissom, shepard, and smith in flunking grades: research and policies on retention.
Cites mac iver, d. j. & epstein. responsive practices in middle grades: teacher teams, advisory groups, remedial instruction, and school transition programs.
Cites mcclendon, nettles, & wigfield for their work on promoting resilience in high school classrooms.
Cites pearl, a., kobron, k. and sagor, r.
Cites sanders, m. g., karweit, n. l. and madden. effective programs for students at risk.
There are many issues and goals presented with those involved in this specific case. To begin, there are several issues with the young girl’s family relationship, more importantly, her mother. With this said, although there are no signs of abuse, and the relationship seems to be positive, her mother shows several signs of neglect (Martinek & Walling, 1995). One example of the present signs of neglect include the young girl attending school wearing dirty clothes and showing a dirty appearance. The young girl is also known to go to school unprepared and does not attend class with the needed materials (Martinek & Walling, 1995). Mothers are known to be nurturing to their kids and always look out for them while providing the necessary care for them. These qualities are not present in the young girl’s mother who may have led to her condition of learned helplessness. Along with the young girl’s family relationship, her relationship involving her teachers are observed as well. Her teachers face several concerns dealing with her behavior and her problem for learning. Particular difficulties and concerns her teachers often come across
In this essay, the author
Describes how a 13-year-old girl is observed in various settings where learned helplessness is most prominent, such as school, home, and around peers.
Explains that the young girl's family, her peers, and her school teachers are involved in the case.
Explains that the lack of consistency and care the young girl receives is one of the many problems present in her life.
Analyzes how the teacher stood by the young girl to get a positive response out of her, and the attitude and relationship with her peers.
Explains that there are different solutions available to the young girl's condition of learned helplessness.
Explains that the young girl observed with learned helplessness has many difficulties including receiving neglect at home, staying on tasks, coming prepared to school, and lacking adequate social skills.
Everyone has different problems in life. When students face different types of stressors like the ones I have listed above, it allows the student to lose focus with their education. Occasionally, it causes the student to fail. This is something that needs to be prevented. It is so important that the teacher and faculty need to understand that situations do happen. Each situation plays a role in student behavior. Things can be fixed if everyone comes together and works with the student and family. These situations cannot be controlled. Being able to know that things happen is the start in understanding. Here are some different type of resources that can help the parents and families that deal with stressors like the ones above:
In this essay, the author
Opines that parents are the key to their child's success. the teacher fills in the gaps by teaching and allowing the students to gain knowledge and become successful learners.
Explains that family stressors can easily affect the child, and we need to be aware of the many situations that may go on with the students.
Opines that stressors can cause students to lose focus and fail, and that the teacher and faculty need to understand that situations do happen.
Explains that the resources above are available for all types of families. they are there to help families cope with what they are going through.
Explains that parents and families are the first to teach their children. reading to children helps enhance their knowledge and helps them master successfully.
Attendance is an important factor in children’s school success. Studies have shown that students who attend school regularly scores higher on test than their peers who are frequently absent (Epstein pg 309). Illness is one of the leading causes of absenteeism among school age kids. Therefore keeping kids healthy and teaching them ways to stay healthy will aid in avoiding missing school related to illness.
In this essay, the author
Explains that attendance is an important factor in children's school success. illness is one of the leading causes of absenteeism among school age kids.
Explains that school age kids are at higher risk for contracting rhinovirus, influenza virus, and group b streptococcal infections.
Recommends using liquid soap and warm water to wash hands and remind students to refrain from touching eyes, mouth, or face with unclean hands.
Explains that teaching coughing and sneezing etiquette is another way to help school age kids combat the spread of germs.
Explains that educating students and parents about the signs and symptoms of infection will assist them in making an informed decision on when a child is too ill for school.
Explains that nutrition plays an important role in student health. proper nutrition promotes optimal growth and development of children.
Explains that the american academy of pediatrics found that kids 8-18 years old are becoming more sedentary. one way to get kids active is to limit screen time.
Explains that school age children need between 10 to 11 hours of sleep per night. not getting enough sleep is common in this age group, given the increasing school obligations.
Opines that it is important to teach and guide school age children to stay healthy. giving them the tools and knowledge will keep them both physically and academically fit.
Throughout my school career, I always had perfect attendance, until moving houses I accumulated a total of 45 tardies which is equivalent to 15 absences. Not only was I tardy all the time, I was also unable to participate in afterschool activities because if I did then I will arrive in my house at
In this essay, the author
Narrates how they hardly believed in their abilities in school and in achieving their ambitions. when opportunities knock on their doorstep, they simply declined hoping that luck didn't go their way.
Narrates how they had an injury in their left hand during p.e. class, which prevented them from playing sports, lifting weights, or anything that requires the use of both hands. they prayed everyday that their hand would cure so they could participate again.
Narrates how they were bullied because of their appearance and background. they were called bruce lee, jackie chan, and godzilla.
Opines that their life hasn't gotten any better since they moved to another house. it takes 41 minutes to an hour to arrive to their high school from home.
Explains that poor public transportation prevents many public-university students from taking full advantage of their education.
Explains that they had perfect attendance throughout their school career, until moving houses i accumulated 45 tardies which is equivalent to 15 absences.
Opines that obstacles are only going to make them stronger in reaching a higher education and shape their educational persona.
Kronholz, J. (2012, January 17) Truants: The challenges of keeping kids in school. Education Next, 11.1, 32-38. OmniFile Full Text Select. Web. 17 Jan. 2012.
In this essay, the author
Opines that it is important for parents to find time to be more involved in their child's education, but most aren't willing to step up where children need them most, in the classroom.
Explains that the proposed law would grade parents on the most basic forms of involvement. things parents should be doing anyways.
Explains that the florida lawmaker wants teachers to grade parents based on their performance, but the bill is being met with fierce opposition from parents.
Analyzes how the blame is constantly being placed on the teacher and school. while teachers and schools are major key to a child’s education, there are more components.
Opines that great teachers can make a huge difference in students' achievement, and that we need to recruit, train and reward more such teachers.
Explains that a teacher is supposed to teach the child information and enforce work being done in school, not at home. belkin states that student’s failures are blamed solely on teachers and they are tired of it.
Analyzes how stargel's proposed law would prevent truancy, which is a major problem in the u.s.
Explains that parental involvement has a positive impact on attendance, test scores, and the overall outlook on education.
Explains that stargel's proposal doesn't call for much involvement at all. parents should be more involved in the education of their children, after all the children are our future.
Analyzes belkin, l., gale opposing viewpoints in context, new york times, 2(l).
Explains that a florida lawmaker wants teachers to grade parents.
Cites friedman, t. l., and gale, opposing viewpoints in context.
Cites kronholz, j., "truants: the challenges of keeping kids in school." education next, 11.1, 32-38. omnifile full text select.
Throughout the year working class parents across America take their beloved children to school each morning. The drive usually ends with a few wise parenting words of encouragement and a shared loving glance before parting ways. For most this routine will repeat itself year after year without any incidents. As parents work throughout the day they will likely never receive a call about their children's welfare. They leave each day without questioning the safety of their children during the hours they are in school. The torch of responsibilities is passed from each child's parent to a select few teachers to safeguard them while under their supervision. For majority of parents the days will pass without a hitch, just as it was designed to be.
In this essay, the author
Explains that working class parents across america take their beloved children to school each morning. the drive ends with a few wise parenting words of encouragement before parting ways. parents leave without questioning the safety of their children during the hours they are in school.
Explains that comfort comes from familiarity with our surroundings and the people we surround ourselves with, allowing people to turn down their natural defenses.
Explains that the tragic day of april 20, 1999, made a small town's high school the center of national attention.
Analyzes how sandy hook elementary school, columbine high school and virginia tech university were targeted by delusional psychopaths.
Opines that the commonality between these three incidents is that all are advertised gun free zones. evil minds plot to live out their malicious dreams target these gun-free zones for the lack of resistance.
Opines that self-defense is an act of defending yourself, or others, from any act that threatens life or bodily injury. gun free zones strip law abiding citizens from exercising basic means of countering an attack.
Opines that a solution to this would be to utilize the resources that we have already in place, teachers. majority of states within the united states already issue concealed carry permits to their law abiding citizens.
Opines that senate bill 1857 empowers courageous texas teachers to seek additional training to protect their students and colleagues from a deranged school shooter.
Opines that senate bill 1857 has many positive attributes to prevent future school shootings. it would ease the mind of the public, especially students and parents of children.
Explains that texas is taking proactive measures to protect and offer a safe educational environment for students and teachers. senate bill 1857 would harden gun free zoned schools from future attacks.