Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Case study for bronchiolitis
Abstract about respiratory system
Abstract about respiratory system
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Case study for bronchiolitis
The EB’s case study said the female patient is 50 years old with symptoms of fever, chills, congestion, three weeks of coughing, shortness of breath when walking. The study implies that the patient is now seeking medical advice due to vital signs recording and the noting of decreased breath sounds and wheezing. She denies smoking and not taking any chronic medication. Based on the subjective symptoms, it appears this patient has bronchitis, a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which is a respiratory disorder. The care plan will focus on intervention to prevent the disease from re-occurring and causing chronic bronchitis. Further assessment will be needed to obtain a baseline, so when the care plan is implemented, then it can be evaluated to measure positive outcome and where alteration will be need in the plan for a great outcome in the patient’s health. …show more content…
However, the lower respiratory tract is consist of trachea, two mainstem bronchi, lobar, segmental and sub-segmental bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar, ducts, and alveoli (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2010). This respiratory system is responsible for speech and other vocal functions. It is …show more content…
With additional bodily fluid and less cilia to dispose it, patients build up an endless hack that raises sputum, a blend of bodily fluid and cell debris. Stagnant bodily fluid in the respiratory tract gives a development medium to microorganisms. This can prompt disease and bronchial aggravation, with side effects that incorporate dyspnea, hypoxia, cyanosis, slight fever, chills, and assaults of hacking (Saladin, 2010). In addition, bronchitis can cause shortness of breath, wheezing, chest pain, and tickle of the
The risk factors that Jessica presented with are a history that is positive for smoking, bronchitis and living in a large urban area with decreased air quality. The symptoms that suggest a pulmonary disorder include a productive cough with discolored sputum, elevated respiratory rate, use of the accessory respiratory muscles during quite breathing, exertional dyspnea, tachycardia and pedal edema. The discolored sputum is indicative of a respiratory infection. The changes in respiratory rate, use of respiratory muscles and exertional dyspnea indicate a pulmonary disorder since there is an increased amount of work required for normal breathing. Tachycardia may arise due to the lack of oxygenated blood available to the tissue stimulating an increase in heart rate. The pedal edema most probably results from decreased systemic blood flow.
She had a two week history of feeling generally unwell, complaining of tiredness and lethargy. She had no other significant symptoms. Her past history includes well controlled asthma and anxiety. She was a smoker of 20 cigarettes per day. She was taking amitriptyline, Symbicort (budesonide and formoterol inhaler). She had no significant family history of medical illness and had no clinical findings on examination. Blood tests showed corrected calcium of 4.22mmol/L (NR 2.20 -2.60) with suppressed paired PTH of 1.45pmol/L (NR1.60- 6.9). Her renal function was initially impaired, but normalized with rehydration. Her liver function tests, full blood count, vitamin D, myeloma screen and serum ACE levels were all within normal limits. Ultra sound scan (USS) of kidneys, USS of parathyroid and computerized tomography (CT) of thorax, abdomen and pelvis were all reported as normal with no cause found for her
The purpose of this essay is to explore nursing care priorities for a patient with a common health condition. A common health condition is a disease or condition which occurs most often within a population. The author has chosen scenario 3 for this essay and will describe the nursing assessment and care planning provided to a patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The WHO definition of COPD is a lung disease which has a chronic obstruction of the airways that impedes normal breathing and is not fully reversible (). According to), there are estimated to be over 3 million people in the UK with COPD. It is common in later life and there are approximately 25,000 deaths each year, with 15% of COPD being work related (The identity of the patient will remain anonymous in adherence with the Nursing and Midwifery Council, Code of Conduct on patient confidentiality (). However, the patient will be referred to as Mr B in this essay. The author has chosen the priority of eating and drinking for Mr B. Patients with COPD are at increased risk of malnutrition and nurses must make certain they screen patients and offer advice or refer as necessary (). If this priority is managed well it will have a positive effect on the other priorities (, 2012). In accordance with NICE Guideline 101 (), the treatment and care provided should consider each persons’ individual requirements and preference. Care and treatment should take into account people’s individual needs and choices. To allow people to reach informed decisions there must be good communication, supported by evidence-based practice (). This essay will provide an evidence based discussion on how care will be implemented in relation to Mr B and his eating and drin...
Most patients may begin with symptoms of a runny nose, cold or sinusitis that continue to persist longer than normal upper respiratory infections and fail to respond to therapeutic measures. Even though, not all patients experience all of the symptoms, the severity of the disease is different for each patient. Other symptoms can include: arthritic joint pain, blood in urine, cough (with or without presence of blood), fever, inflammation of the ear with hearing problems, inflammation of the eye with vision problems, lack of energy, loss of appetite, nasal membrane ulcerations and crusting, night sweats, numbness of limbs, pleuritis (inflammation of the lining of the lung), rash and/or skin sores, saddle-nose deformity, weakness, fatigue, and weight
Mr Cooper has presented to the emergency department following the development of a productive cough and increased shortness of breath on a background of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). His vital signs are
Review of Normal A&P: The respiratory system is composed of two main parts the upper airway, composed of the nose and pharynx and the lower, composed of the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli, separated by the larynx. Air enters the nose where it is moistened, then is channeled through the 3 stages of the pharynx until it reached the larynx. The larynx, also known as your vocal cords is protected a flap of tissue known as the epiglottis that folds down as you swallow the prevent aspiration of the substance. After passing your larynx, air is channeled through the trachea into two pyramid shaped organs made of lobes known as the lungs. The lungs contain the bronchi, bronchioles and most importantly the alveoli. The bronchi and bronchioles are in a way like the trachea in the fact that they are pipe like structures used to funnel air down to the smallest level. The alveoli are where gas exchange occurs, they are small sack like structures, entirely wrapped in small capillaries where the oxygen from the air is pulled in the blood and the co2 is dropped off to be exhaled by your
Thank you for referring Ferdinando back to see me for his one-month of history of shortness of breath and cough. As you are aware, he will well up until this stage, but about a month ago he has whats sounds to be a virus lower respiratory tract infection that is causing persisting problems with shortness of breath and cough since then. The cough is productive of a small amount of yellow sputum which is occasionally blood stained. The shortness of breath is on exertion with an exercise tolerance that is quite limited to about 500m from a baseline unlimited exercise tolerance. It is not associated with any significant chest pain. He is not noticing any significant fevers or sweats nor has he noticed any eye problems, rash or any arthralgias.
History of Present Illness: The patient is an 84-year-old Pacific Islander woman who presented to the clinic with complaints of a “bad” cough with phlegm which she notes to have started two weeks ago. She describes the cough as productive and the phlegm as rusty-colored. She states that the cough has been constant. Patient does not know what brought on the cough. She has been taking cough drops with no relief. She came to the clinic today because the cough has gotten worse. She reports that the cough is usually worse at night and sometimes prevents her from falling asleep. She has not tried any over the counter medication. She complains that her symptoms interfere with her daily activities.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) has been known as a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children. According to new estimate, the annual death of infection from RSV is 66000 to 199000 in children under five years of age. More than three million children in this age group also get hospitalized due to RSV. RSV can affect anyone, including the elderly, however the burden is more in the youngest who experience highest rates of emergency department and hospitalization related to RSV infection (Heikkinen et al., 2015).
Chronic bronchitis is a disorder that causes inflammation to the airway, mainly the bronchial tubules. It produces a chronic cough that lasts three consecutive months for more than two successive years (Vijayan,2013). Chronic Bronchitis is a member of the COPD family and is prominently seen in cigarette smokers. Other factors such as air pollutants, Asbestos, and working in coal mines contributes to inflammation. Once the irritant comes in contact with the mucosa of the bronchi it alters the composition causing hyperplasia of the glands and producing excessive sputum (Viayan,2013). Goblet cells also enlarge to contribute to the excessive secretion of sputum. This effects the cilia that carry out the mechanism of trapping foreign bodies to allow it to be expelled in the sputum, which are now damaged by the irritant making it impossible for the person to clear their airway. Since the mechanism of airway clearance is ineffective, the secretion builds up a thickened wall of the bronchioles causing constriction and increasing the work of breathing. The excessive build up of mucous could set up pneumonia. The alveoli are also damaged enabling the macrophages to eliminate bacteria putting the patient at risk for acquiring an infection.
These negative changes in respiratory measures have numerous clinical consequences –the most concerning of which is
The infection makes the bronchioles swell and become inflamed. Mucus collects in these airways, which makes it difficult for air to flow freely in and out of the lungs.
The patient has high temperature-sign of fever, a very fast pulse rate (tachycardia), and chest wheezing when listened to using a stethoscope (Harries, Maher, & Graham, 2004, p.
The anatomy of the respiratory system makes up the respiratory tract and can be divided into three major parts: the airway, which includes the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles; the lungs; and the muscles of respiration (Taylor). The respiratory tract can be divided into two sections which are the upper tract and the lower tract.
Respiratory disease is a major health problem and had become control of epidemic and pandemic disease in health care. (WHO, 2007). Nowadays, respiratory disease is global problem that occur in both developed and developing countries. Over 50 million of world population suffers from respiratory diseases. Respiratory system is very essential for human beings to live as this exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide for respiration. Respiratory disease is a pathologic condition that affects all the parts of the respiratory system, being with nose, trachea, bronchi and lungs. Diseases can be categorized, for instance, acute infection like common cold, chronic (Asthma) and fatal (lung cancer). It can be causes due to several factors such as infections,