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The social construction of sexuality inevitably linked with cultural concepts
The Relationship between Masculinity and Femininity
Social and cultural constraints on human sexuality
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Introduction
Men and women experience stress and anxiety in many different ways in everyday life and in their respective sport. Anxiety is described as, “a negative response to a stimulus that includes both physiological (somatic) and psychological (cognitive) components”, while stress is described as, “a substantial imbalance between demand and response capability, under conditions where failure to meet the demand has important consequences” (Weinberg & Gould, 2011, p. 20). Taking a look into what are some of those differences and why they effect women and men differently is a key aspect of this review. This literature review examines relevant studies in the psychological field by reviewing the empirical studies conducted on the relationships
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Kerr and Multon (2015) state in their research that, “gender roles as described as, role is the set of characteristics prescribed by a culture and communicated through direct communication and through media” (Wood, 2012). Having society delegate how men and women should react to certain instances and in the context how they react to stress and anxiety is one thing that is a major concept. As stated by, Caballo et al. (2014), Girls and boys may be educated with different gender roles right from the start. From the beginning men and women are taught to act a certain way and based off these specific gender roles they are expected to act in a certain way. Society has put in place how and what they deem is acceptable for men and women and if one divvies away from those social constraints they are accepted in society which would cause a person to stress and become anxious. Asztalos et al (2012) found that, women generally are expected to play multiple roles at one time may incline women to constantly strive to measure up to others. Having such pressure can turn into stress and as a female athlete is once again expected to live up to those expectations set forth by society. According to Asztalos et al (2012), “Men were socially conditioned and taught to be assertive, combative, and disconnected, and, as a result, the majority of men choose to
Many studies have pointed to negative and often long-term mental health consequences of domestic violence for victims. These impacts extend to depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress and other disorders, substance abuse to self medicate, and suicide. Findings linking domestic violence and mental health raise important issues for service response. Firstly, health systems and practitioners need to be attuned to negative mental health impacts of domestic violence for victims in order to assist them;
defining stress can prove to be a challenging task; however, for the purpose of this proposal, stress will be defined as the inability to cope with a perceived threat to one’s mental, physical, emotional, and spiritual well‐being, which results in a series of physiological responses and adaptations (Seaward, 2004, p. 5). According to Seaward (2004), there are three different kinds of stress: eustress, neustress, and distress. Eustress is the positive or motivating stress a person may experience, whereas
amount of men and women suffer from some type of sexual dysfunction. Researchers have identified a number of factors that may contribute to or perpetuate sexual dysfunction, including, but not limited to, performance anxiety. Performance anxiety is defined as an obsession about the adequate pleasing of one’s partner during the act of sexual intercourse. Rather than focusing on the pleasurable benefits that one can receive from intercourse, the individual experiencing performance anxiety is focused on
From a younger age to now, many people continue to suffer from different fears, phobias, and anxiety disorders but most hide their darkest fears with their unshareable secrets to refrain from the unavoidable comments. Fear is a human feeling that is activated by an apparent danger; it is a fundamental survival system that flags our bodies to react to fear with a battle or flight reaction. Sights, sounds and other logical subtle elements of fear occasionally may bring back the memory, similar to a
Menopause is a natural function of the female body that every woman will reach during midlife. Many women dread reaching menopause since it has an association of “becoming old”. Some feel that they are no longer of value as they are no longer childbearing. Yet, does it have to be this way? Is it possible, with knowledge and support, that women do not have to suffer all the symptoms that menopause could bring. The symptoms of menopause vary from woman to woman. They include, but are not limited
Goal: Hair Loss Alopecia Total Word Count in this Document: 954 Title: Hair Loss Alopecia Everyone experiences some level of hair loss on a daily basis. In fact, losing up to 100 hairs a day is normal. However, excessive hair loss, clinically known as alopecia, can be a devastating condition for many women. Three types of alopecia exist. Let’s take a look at each of them in detail. 1. Autoimmune Conditions Alopecia Areata This autoimmune disease is caused by the body’s inability to recognize
Throughout life individuals observe and experience social behaviors. The combination of personal characteristics and social situations creates how an individual behaves (Bordens & Horowitz, 2002). Individual behavior is an important concept to understand because it provides a way to help explain various aspects of a situation. For this paper, the behavior of stress within a leadership position will be discussed and applied to gender role theory within social psychology. The role theory will be explored
the current Australian population, due to the multiple types (depression, schizophrenia, personality disorders, post-traumatic stress disorders, dementia and anxiety) and varying impacts. These have an effect on the overall health within the Australian population and is a burden of health
Anxiety disorders are the most common illness in the U.S. I am going to tell you about what anxiety is and the types of anxiety disorders. Panic Disorder, Social Phobia, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, and Post-Traumatic Stress are the types of anxieties I will be discussing. Anxiety is a reaction to stress that is normal. It helps deals with a tense situation at home, school, studying for an exam, and to stay focused on an important speech. In general, it helps people with copping. anxiety
Cognitive regulation of emotion is part of human life. It helps people to regulate their emotions or feelings during or after experiencing whether positive or negative events. Cognitive processes is divided into unconscious, such as projection or denial, and conscious cognitive processes, such as self-blame, other-blame, rumination and catastrophizing. Coping styles are seen in an individual’s consistent use of particular strategies for managing stressors across contexts. An individual’s coping
Sexual Assault Among Women In the United States Sexual Assault described in technical terms is defined as any sort of sexual activity between two or more people in which one of the people involved is involved against his or her will. (3) The description of "against his or her will" extends to varying degrees of aggression, ranging from indirect pressure to a direct physical attack. According to the Crime Victim Research and Treatment Center 1.3 adult women are sexually assaulted in the United
What is Acute Stress Disorder? Acute Stress Disorder is a physiological disorder in which an individual develops severe anxiety, dissociative behaviors, and other symptoms that occurs within a month of exposure to an extreme traumatic stressor. Those who dedicate their lives to the military are extremely prone to contracting this disorder, as well as PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder). Exposure to war and unfortunate killings are a major cause of Acute Stress Disorder and PTSD. Other causes include
Introduction Pregnant women are vulnerable to depression because of major changes in estrogen and progesterone levels as well as changes in the brain which produce significant physical and psychological impacts (Stewart, 2011). Depression during pregnancy can affect not only the mother but the unborn child and other children. Caring for women who are depressed during pregnancy is in many respects different from other types of caring. Caring in this situation is demanding and truly involves the intention
The stress response in the body is a complex one, and depends on many factors. The impacts of both short and long term stress are dependent on many variables and it is known that stress has many different outcomes. Studies have been done to test for specific outcomes in distinct populations. One of these populations is pregnant women. Pregnancy is a time of importance in health for a mother and her child. It is a time where the mother focuses on eating well, exercising, reading pregnancy books and
Effects of Forgiveness Therapy on Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress for Women after Spousal Emotional Abuse by Gayle L. Reed and Robert D. Enright presents a study which compares forgiveness therapy with an alternative treatment (anger validation, assertiveness, interpersonal skill building) for emotionally abused women who had been indelibly separated for 2 or more years (Reed and Enright, 2006). The study included 20 psychologically abused women. Participants lived in Midwest cities, ranged