Introduction:
Bangalore, the city growing fastest in Asia and 5th largest city, in India, has a decade population growth rate of 39% (87,49,944 populations) as per 2011 census (Source: census of India). The average annual total rainfall is about 931 mm with about 60 rainy days (Source: Indian Meteorological Department). The city enjoys a pleasant climate throughout the year. Its tree lined avenues, parks and abundant greenery have made Bangalore the ’Garden City’ of India; situated at an altitude of 920 m above mean sea level. Bangalore enjoys a salubrious climate all round the year as the summer temperature ranges from 18° C to 38° C while the winter temperature ranges from 12° C to 25° C (Santosh Kr. Singh, 2009; Sudhira, Ramachandra, & Bala Subrahmanya, 2007).
The settlements around the city have a recorded history that dates at least as far back as the 5th century. Urban settlements made their first appearance only in the 16th century by establishing Bangalore as the capital of the local king Kempe Gowda’s kingdom. Long term discharge of untreated domestic and industrial waste waters, storm water runoff, accidental spills and direct solid waste dumping influenced the urban aquatic ecosystems (Harini Nagendra, 2010; Jumbe Aboud & Nandini, 2010).
Local people maintained the lakes as the common property and each one of them enjoyed its resources. The structure of lakes depended on the water requirement, rainfall, catchment area and material used for construction. Lakes has formed by constructing dams along the natural valley system. The height of dams depended on the material used for construction. Dams constructed up to 3 meters height with of earth work. Stone embedded earth work dams have constructed for heights from 3 to...
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Space for civic amenities should be given in all the new layouts. Piecemeal development of residential layouts must be banned, and the Government should take the responsibility of developing the residential layouts. Protection of lakes by leaving a space of 30 m surrounding the lakes and storm water drains.
Exclusive allocation of catchment areas should be made for the public purpose like Government office, Schools; Hospitals with at least 80% free space so that the lake can be fetched by clean water.
Supporting technological innovations to reduce the runoff and increase the infiltration should be encouraged. Adoption of water conservation policies in all spheres is must for Bangalore. More innovative and practical use of treated water has to be appreciated. Growth of other middle order towns will reduce the pressure on the existing city of crowded Bangalore.
She also introducing new urban building standards. This this article she talks about, the idea some people have of tearing it down and rebuilding. She also talks about ideas people have about some parts of towns. In Boston, she talks about the area of North End, and the change that it was over gone. During her second visit to this area, she discovered that it had changed. She talked to other about it, although the statistic were higher than the city, the people still saw it as a slum. They felt that they needed to tear it down in order to build something better. This leads to the conclusion that the urban planners to do understand that the people of the city need. They have ideas that were developed years ago that they are still using. These ideas do not take account what the people want. The author also introducing new ideas of a perfect city to live in and what it would look like. The idea of a garden city was introduced. This city would be built around a park. Although the new ideas sounded great they could not be put into place today. The idea of a Garden City is something that sounds nice, but it is not possible in society today. Today a city should reflect economic status, and in order to achieve this the city should be big, and convey an image of power. A city that has aspects of nature in it would not convey that image. That upkeep of a city of that kind would also be difficult. The do understand the author's point of view. The planners often times do not take into account the desires of the people. The town that I grow up in want to become more urbanized. In order to do this, they are building a large shopping center. This shopping center is located in the canyon rim. This canyon rim has been important the people for many years. We come to the area to walk, what bass jumpers, and enjoy the scenic views. This new shopping center took away this area. Many of the people
... upon solution to water access disagreements, social and political powers must be willing to compromise since the risks associated with disagreements regarding water allocation may be too great. As stated by Shiyyab (2004), “If sustained over a period of time, these problems will directly affect social harmony, domestic stability and eventually, regional peace.” (p. 30). Investments must be made by industry as well as local and national governments for purification of wastewater so that clean water, when needed, will be available. The necessity of obtaining water is a fundamental human right and,
With urban population growth, both ecological and industrial consequences directly affect those in poverty and the urban poor. Slums usually develop in the worst types of terrain, and lead to flooding, landslides, and fires that destroy thousands of people’s homes. Yet population growth and the amounts of waste created by urban civilizations are also pushed on the hidden faces and locations of those on the outskirts of the cities. “If natural hazards are magnified by urban poverty, new and entirely artificial hazards are created by poverty’s interactions with toxic industries, anarchic traffic, and collapsing infrastructures” (Davis 128).
Introduction: Rainwater runoff, also called non-point source, is everywhere, especially in the artificial concrete communities that we live in. Rainwater runoff occurs after rain showers and thunderstorms, when the water flows down streets, sidewalks and gutters. There is so much rainwater runoff now a day because of the colossal neighborhoods and buildings and parking lots we are creating. The runoff happens when the water can’t soak into the ground, like it naturally does. With growing cities and industrialization, runoff water is becoming more and more of a problem and people need to start worrying about it. Runoff water has the possibility of becoming very dangerous, depending on what the water takes with it. Pesticides, garbage, bacteria, sediments from roads, feces and oil/gasoline are just some of the many substances that rainwater runoff carries with it on it’s journey; and lets not forget about all of the possible toxic chemicals that would fall into its path. So many residencies have been built, causing more runoff water because it isn’t being absorbed into the soil, since the soil is covered in concrete or other substances that were used to build. Everything that rests in gutters also goes down into the soil and in sewers that dump water into soil or other bodies of water, and the effects can both be positive and negative. Substances such as phosphate can travel with the runoff water into areas with soil and grass, causing it to grow faster. While some people may think fast growing grass is helpful, lets not forget about the rest of the environment the phosphate can effect. Certain algae’s can be harmful to humans when ingested. After knowing that, people should realize that it is time for environmental management to co...
The issue of our watersheds is that there is too much waste such as plastics polluting the water which affects our watersheds. A solution to this problem is to implement more recycling bins and put out more awareness signs beginning at our school. The amount of water that is potable and useful to humans as well as animals, is only 2.5%. If we do not do anything about our watershed, the amount of useful water would only decrease.
Urban Consolidation Factors and Fallacies in Urban Consolidation: Introduction As proponents of urban consolidation and consolidated living continue to manifest in our society, we must ensure that our acknowledgment of its benefits, and the problems of its agitator (sprawl), do not hinder our caution over its continually changing objectives. Definition Like much urban policy, the potential benefits that urban consolidation and the urban village concept seek to offer are substantially undermined by ambiguous definition. This ambiguity, as expressed through a general lack of inter-governmental and inter-professional cohesion on this policy, can best be understood in terms of individual motives (AIUSH,1991). * State Government^s participatory role in the reduction of infrastructure spending.
2.1 billion people in countries that are undergoing a form of urbanization have inaccessibility to clean drinking water as a result of pollution, poverty and poor management of resources. Water resources are being depleted by agriculture and energy production
On the one hand, water pollution poses serious threats to people’s living and health conditions. For example, according to the US Geological Survey, California has one-fifth of the water supply systems exceed the standard amount of perchlorate in the past decade. Some remote schools in Tulare County have denied students access to drinking fountains, and a school district of 260 students spends $ 10,000 or more per year on drinking water. The school will order bottled water, store and distribute it to each classroom, and collect empty bottles（Worldjournal）. A case in point is when the water resources are polluted in California, the state’s development would also be damaged. Firstly, the citizens’ living quality would be declined，because of water is so indispensable in people’s daily
Water purification and a wastewater treatment plants would be necessary in order to provide the citizens and visitors with clean healthy water. To prevent flooding, this city was built on flood plains.
mi). Vegetation in the city is primarily in the form of large deciduous canopy and minority coconut trees. Bangalore experiences a tropical savannah climate (Köppen climate classification Aw) with distinct wet and dry seasons. Due to its high elevation, Bangalore usually enjoys a more moderate climate throughout the year, although occasional heat waves can make things very uncomfortable in the summer. The coolest month is December with an average low temperature of 15.4 °C and the hottest month is April with an average high temperature of 32.8 °C. The highest temperature ever recorded in Bangalore is 38.9 °C (102.0 °F) (recorded in March 1931) and the lowest ever is 7.8 °C (46.0 °F) (recorded in January 1884). Winter temperatures rarely drop below 12 °C (54 °F), and summer temperatures seldom exceed 37 °C (<100 °F). Bangalore receives rainfall from both the northeast and the southwest monsoons and the wettest months are September, October and August, in that order. The summer heat is moderated by fairly frequent thunderstorms, which occasionally cause local
Indeed, many global cities face compelling urban planning issues like urban sprawl, population, low density development, overuse of non-renewable natural recourses, social inequities and environmental degradation. These issues affect the cities themselves, the adjacent regions and often even globally. The resulting ecological footprint upsets the balance in adjacent rural and natural areas. Unplanned or organic development leads to urban sprawl, traffic problems, pollution and slums (as evident in the case of Mumbai city). Such unplanned development causes solid waste management and water supply to fall inadequate. Urban sprawl gives rise to low density development and car dependent communities, consequently leading to increased urban flooding, low energy efficiency, longer travel time and destruction of croplands, forests and open spaces for development.
The outcome of this project is to ensure all residents have clean water. Therefore the practice of ensuring environmentally friendly is crucial here. When the project is being carried out, the impacts to the lifestyle of locals in Sandikhola should be keep to as minimum as possible. It is important that it will not add any extra pollutions to the environment especially the water sources.
Many people have already dammed a small stream using sticks and mud by the time they become adults. Humans have used dams since early civilization, because four-thousand years ago they became aware that floods and droughts affected their well-being and so they began to build dams to protect themselves from these effects.1 The basic principles of dams still apply today as they did before; a dam must prevent water from being passed. Since then, people have been continuing to build and perfect these structures, not knowing the full intensity of their side effects. The hindering effects of dams on humans and their environment heavily outweigh the beneficial ones.
As the result of urbanization, cities have more problems to overcome such as pollution, overpopulation, drug abuse, congestion, crime, poverty, traffic jam, slum areas, and many more. There must be something to solve these problems. Government and citizens should be involved because taking care of city problems can’,t be done entirely by government. The community can be even more successful because it deals directly with problem areas.
Water is an integral part of not only human beings but all other creatures in the world. We use it every day for different purposes such as domestic, agricultural and industrial. Water has always been a prestigious resource. However, the majority of people do not appraise water’s worth since they do not face water scarcity; whereas, in third world countries it is one of the most serious problems. Nearly 2.4 billion people have a lack of water resources in the world, shows the investigation done by the Pacific Institute, an Oakland, California-based non-profit scientific research group. Moreover, every year this number is growing gradually and more people are suffering (Bloomberg News, 2010). There are certain causes which deteriorate current situation. The most influential reasons are global warming, pollution by human-beings and overpopulation. It is known that India is one of the countries which face water scarcity so this essay will consider the possible ways of solutions of water shortage in India.