Imagine having an unbearable and excruciating pain deep in the pit of your stomach. You know that you are dying. However, no one believes you. The doctor, your family, friends, and loved ones continuously tell you that you are ok. Diagnostics tests and lab results all come back negative. You refuse to believe what everyone is telling you. Almost day in, and day out, this dilemma is revisited, and you experience déjà vu all over again. This issue persists for months, even years. This is a
variety of antidepressants available for depression. Everyone will react differently to the medications. Antidepressants are known for “increasing levels of a group of chemicals in the brain” (United Kingdom). Neurotransmitters are the chemicals that can improve one’s mood and overall emotions. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-adrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are the main antidepressants available
Antidepressants What determines a good' article from a bad' one? In the Des Moines Register on February 3, there was an article titled, More parents, doctors refuse to put kids on antidepressants," was written by Marilyn Elias. Elias is a well-known writer from USA Today, and has written on topics such as stress, marriage, and health. The article was about the effects on children, ages 18 and younger, taking depression pills. There are many elements that establish a good' article from a
them irritable. In this literature review we are going to examine the use of antidepressants to treat teen depression. It will also look at the risks of suicides increased as a result of taking antidepressants and the measures taken to reduce this problem. Can antidepressants use in Teenagers increase suicide rates/thoughts? In the past few recent years, there has been a developing concern about the use of antidepressants in teenagers (13-20 years of age) as there has been increase in teen depression
Depression can be treated essentially by using two types of treatment: psychotherapy and drug therapy. Psychotherapy uses the combination of different techniques from the different models such as psychodynamic therapy, cognitive behavioural therapy. 1.3.4.1: Psychodynamic therapy: The psychodynamic therapies focus on resolving the patient's inner psychological conflicts that are typically thought to be rooted in childhood (Debjit bhowmik, Kumar, Srivastava, Paswan, Dutta 2012). The therapists make
have become very popular as alternative medicines. They are purported to heal everything from memory problems to sexual dysfunction. One of the most common and most controversial herbal remedies is St. John’s Wort. As a cheap over-the-counter antidepressant, and with over 17% of the population experiencing depression sometime in their lifetime, its allure to the lay person is not surprising (Kessler, R. C. et al., 1994). Is St. John’s Wort an effective treatment for depression as many claim it is
Panic disorder and generalized anxiety according to the DSM-IV-TR are classified as anxiety disorder. In this paper we will be discussing panic and generalized anxiety disorder looking into the different aspects such as contributing theories and what appropriate treatment can be use to help ease the symptoms of these disorders. According to the DSM-IV-TR panic disorder is a recurrent panic attack. It typically begins with the sudden onset of intense apprehension, fear, or terror. Panic disorder is
Since the discovery of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and tricyclic antidepressants in the 1950s and its affect on depressives, Schildkraut first proposed the Monoamine Theory. The theory states that depression is caused by an imbalance of monoamine transmitters (neurotransmitters) in certain areas of the brain, such as noradrenaline, serotonin and dopamine (Schildkraut, 1965). This led to the introduction of antidepressant medication in the treatment of depression, known as pharmacotherapy
Contrast the mechanism of action of the barbiturates and the benzodiazepines as hypnotics. Discuss the advantages of the benzodiazepines over the barbiturates. There are specific benzodiazepine receptors in the nervous system that mostly surrounds the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and limbic system. Barbiturates have their own binding sites and modulate the chloride channel. They increase the duration of this channel, while benzodiazepines increase the frequency. Also barbiturates are less selective
reduce the renal clearance of amantadine by about 30% LAB TESTS NEEDED CPK, BUN, serum creatinine, LDH, liver function test. CONTRAINDICATIONS • If there is a proven hypersensitivity to amantadine OVERDOSE • Acute toxicity may be attributable to the anticholinergic effects of amantadine. Drug overdose has resulted in cardiac, respiratory, renal or central nervous system toxicity ... ... middle of paper ... ...s, delirium, anxiety, cardiac and respiratory arrest and even coma. TAPERING AND WITHDRAWAL
constipation, changes in ... ... middle of paper ... ...epressant drugs are required to relieve symptoms. Many antidepressants work by raising levels of monoamine neurotransmitters in the synapse. TCA’s, SSRI’s and SNRI’s are equally successful in depressive patients however differ in terms of their side effects. Due to advantages in pharmacological treatment and minimum variation in antidepressant efficiency, the choice of medication available to depression patients remains a choice in accordance to the
Side Effects of Prozac Unlike earlier forms of antidepressants, such as MAO inhibitors, Prozac and other SSRIs tend to produce fewer and less severe side effects (Hockenbury, 200). According to Prozac's manufacturer, Eli Lilly (2005), side effects caused by Prozac may include nausea, difficulty sleeping, drowsiness, nervousness, weakness, loss of appetite, tremors, dry mouth, sweating, or yawning. Other side effects listed included a change in sexual desire or satisfaction and a formation
potential predictive factors related to TRD took place in Europe and displayed 5 main clinical predictors in order of their strength (1) current suicidal risk (2) comorbid anxiety disorder (3) gender (4) seasonal pattern (5) non-response to first antidepressant lifetime (Oswald et al., 2005). Non-psychiatric co-morbidities have been discovered to be predictors of TRD (Iosifescu et al., 2004). It was discovered that patients suffering from increased levels of serum cholesterol do not respond as well with
Opioids are usually prescribed to individuals as a painkiller medication. Although it is effective in reducing pain, this medication is overprescribed by many doctors. There are many individuals who abuse prescribed opioids. Addicts may tell their doctors that they are experiencing pain, however, this is far from the truth, They have to lie about their health to get the medication and end up abusing it. After the pain is gone from their bodies, they use opioids as a way of feeling pleasure as addicts
Prozac At first it was the cure all people were looking for. Then it became the drug they were afraid to take. Somewhere between these two extremes lies the truth about the drug Flouxetine, better known as Prozac, the most widely prescribed drug on the globe. It is mainly prescribed to patients suffering from clinical depression. It was first brought to the market in 1988 by the pharmaceutical giant Eli Lilly co. Even though it was originally prescribed for depression, it has been prescribed
hypoglycemia. Another common cause for seizures an overdose, whether this being alcohol, illegal or even prescription drug induced. The paramedics can apply an ECG which displays the electrical conductivity of the patients heart. This indicates a sinus tachycardia rhythm (120bpm) which disproves the theory that the patient could be having a tricyclic antidepressant overdose. To further rule in or out the paramedics current theory of a drug overdose the paramedics can con... ... middle of paper
Citalopram Generic Name: Citalopram Brand name: Celexa, Cipramil INTRODUCTION Citalopram is one of the Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which are prescribed mainly for depressive episode. INDICATIONS • Depression –FDA approved. • Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) • Panic disorder • Generalized anxiety disorder • Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) • Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) DOSAGE AND ADMININSTRATION Dosage Forms Tablets
will go on to kill themselves. Recurrent episodes of depression are the norm rather than the exception. Long-term studies of lithium suggest that it may help to reduce the number of episodes and prevent suicide. Studies of long-term use of antidepressants suggest beneficial effects. Long-term efficacy of psychotherapy and counseling has not been proven. Learning points: depression ·Depressive illness affects 10-18% of the adult population. ·Depressive illness in the community is largely
Depression and Finding Help Depression is defined as an illness; the feelings of depression persist and interfere with a child or adolescent’s ability to function. Depression can be a very difficult and painful experience that affects not only the individual suffering from it, but also the people around them. There comes a point in some peoples’ lives where social isolation, low energy, sadness, low self-esteem, and the feeling of hopelessness, cannot be taken anymore. The feelings are so strong
The most productive thing we could do as a society is open the discourse for concerns about SSRI medications, and let experts inform us, as well as to continue to conduct meaningful research. Once we understand how to properly and ethically use antidepressant medications such as SSRIs, we will realize that it the basic concepts of the use of these medications is not a new or groundbreaking thing. Through a better understanding of these medications, we will be able to look at them as what they really