Hydrogen is one of the most abundant elements on the earth. It can be found in the oceans as well as the atmosphere. Over the last few years, talk about the future of hydrogen power has grown from a whisper to a roar. The use of hydrogen is not just the burning of the gas, but of its use in a fuel cell. Fuel cells might be the device that causes the extinction of the internal combustion engine. A fuel cell is a device that produces electricity from a fuel and an oxidizer, a substance that combines
Hydrogen gas was first identified as an element in 1766, by British scientist Henry Cavendish, in an experiment wherein he separated hydrogen gas by reacting zinc metal plates with hydrochloric acid. Cavendish found that when he applied a spark to the resulting hydrogen gas, it yielded water. It wasn’t until some years later that French chemist Antoine Lavoisier gave hydrogen its modern name. The word hydrogen is derived from the Greek words ‘hydro’ and ‘genes’, which translate as ‘born of water
Hydrogen Fuel Cells Vs. Gasoline: Who’s Down With HFC? ABSTRACT: The world’s oil supply is a diminishing nonrenewable resource. Soon, a new fuel for automobiles will be needed. Hydrogen fuel cells may very well become the chief replacement for gasoline in our society. INTRODUCTION: In our busy world today, we often find ourselves surrounded by vehicles. But how often do we ponder about by which means these vehicles are running? Vehicles are fueled by gasoline, a gradually diminishing resource
Simple metal hydrides contain hydrogen in their crystal structure. These simple metal hydrides include binary and intermetallic hydrides. Binary hydrides contain only one metal and generally represented as MHx, were M stands for metal. The intermetallic hydrides contain at least two metals in addition to the hydrogen and generally represented by the formula AmBnHx, where A, B are metals. These are further classified in to AB (CsCl structure), AB2 (Laves phase), A2B (AlB2 structure type)
atoms to react with hydrogen atoms of different classifications. The experiment compared aromatic, aliphatic and benzylic hydrogen atoms of primary, secondary, and tertiary classifications. The time it took for the reaction to occur was measured and compared between the different hydrocarbons. This rate of reaction was used to determine the reactivity of the various hydrogen atoms on the hydrocarbons with bromine. Data and Results Toluene, which contained primary benzylic hydrogen atoms, exhibited
Hydrogen sulphide has a boiling point of -82 degrees Celsius and a melting point of -60 degrees Celsius. There are 2 hydrogen and 1 sulphide molecule. Simple molecule’s which are covalent have lower melting and boiling points as they do not need too much energy to separate the bonds because they are as polarised as water. In hydrogen sulphide the intermolecular forces are known as Dipole-Dipole forces which are less powerful than hydrogen bonding which is in water therefore water has the strongest
acidified water affects the rate at which hydrogen gas is produced. The solution to be electrolysed is made up using acid and water. It is of little consequence what acid is used however in this case I will use Sulphuric acid (H2SO4). When H2SO4 is put in water it is dissociated and forms ions: H2SO4 → 2H (2+) + SO4 (2-) Ions are also present from the water in the solution: H2O → H (+) + OH (-) During the electrolysis process, the positive hydrogen ions move towards the cathode and
Hydrogen Bonding Contents Introduction Evidence of Hydrogen Bonding What causes Hydrogen Bond Types of Hydrogen Bonding Intermolecular Hydrogen Bond Intramolecular Hydrogen Bond Hydrogen Bond in Proteins Properties Of Hydrogen Bond Higher Melting And Boiling Point Association Influence On Physical State Solubility Volatility Importance INTRODUCTION In 1920, Latimer and Rosebush introduced the idea of "Hydrogen Bond" to explain the nature of association in liquid
HYDROGEN BOND By- Abhinav priyadarshi (IPM2013005) Shivam Kumar Arya (IPM2013122) Definition of Hydrogen Bonding- Hydrogen bond is the interaction between a hydrogen atom from a molecule and an another atom or a group of atom which may be of the same or a different molecule. Example- In general a hydrogen bond is depicted as- Let X–H be a molecule
soon to come fuel cell cars that Toyota and Honda plan on unveiling this year and the $1.2 billion president Bush announced he would dedicate to fuel cell research during his State of the Union address. The least efficient of these electrochemical energy converters are at least as efficient as internal combustion engines and many are doubly as efficient when using special techniques. Exhaust from fuel cells is extremely clean, often consisting only of water. Although some use hydrocarbons, fuel
Introduction: The aim of this essay is to examine how bio-hydrogen production treatment technology will have a vital impact and changes on the lives of Hong Kong people. In the past three decades, scientists have tried hard to think of different sewage treatment methods which could facilitate improving the quality of water and producing renewable energy source (Fang and Liu 2001). In order to achieve this, bio-hydrogen production of sewage has been developed in the past few years. This essay begins
essential element is hydrogen, the first element on the period table (located under Group 1 as an alkaline metal) is composed of a single proton and electron; therefore having an atomic number and atomic mass of 1 and electron configuration of 1s1. In fact, hydrogen is the lightest, simplest and most commonly found chemical element in the universe (it makes up about 90% of the universe by weight). Interestingly enough, the heavier elements on the periodic table were either made from hydrogen or other elements
contain carbon, or any compound that contains a carbon atom. But some describe organic compounds as any of a large class of chemical compounds in which one or more atoms of carbon are covalently linked to atoms of other elements, most commonly are hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. But there are a few exceptions to this organic rule, which are carbon monoxide, carbonates, carbon dioxide, cyanides, cyanates, carbides, and thyocyanates, which are all considered inorganic. The term organic compound comes
together. The gravity pulling in is greater than the pressure pushing out. As more matter is pulled towards the core the temperature, pressure, and density increase. The gravitational potential energy is converted to kinetic energy for individual gas particles. The gas particles crash into each and create thermal energy, heating the core. A critical temperature must be met for nuclear fusion to begin. If the temperature isn’t met then a dead star is created. Nuclear fusion marks the birth of a star. Nuclear
Production of hydrogen Hydrogen can be produced from a variety of feedstock. These comprises of non-renewable fossil resources, such as coal and natural gas, as well as renewable resources, such as biomass and water with input from renewable energy sources for example sunlight, hydro-power, wind and waves. The variability of process technologies used range from chemical and biological to electrolytic, photolytic and thermo-chemical. Each of these mentioned technologies are in a different stage of
does not involve the production of heat or a live flame. While this reaction is happening, the reactants, (luminol and hydrogen peroxide), react with the iron in blood. The iron is a sort of catalyst, it helps to speed up the reaction between the luminol and hydrogen peroxide. Luminol becomes oxidized when the hydrogen peroxide and luminol react together, they create a high energy state. The iron in the blood allows the fluorescence to be bright enough to be seen in the dark and able to be photographed
Electrolysis is a process by which electrical energy is used to produce a chemical change. Maybe the most recognizable case of electrolysis is the deterioration of water into hydrogen and oxygen by methods for an electric ebb and flow. Electrolysis is important because it is used for making fertilizers, being made to be able to fuel cars. Right now it is used to fuel rockets but soon our cars will be able to use it as everyday fuel and extracting metals. In the study of electrolysis education.com
chemiluminescence, two chemicals from the ground state react (Welsh). The ground state is the lowest energy state of an atom. It is also the most stable state of an atom. This reaction causes the two chemicals to go into the excited state (Welsh). The excited state occurs when an atom has a higher energy state than at the ground state. The two chemicals break down causing a certain amount of the energy to be released as light or photons. The chemical reaction can be described by the formula A + B —>
living organism on the planet. Water's unique properties are largely a result of its simple composition and structure. Water is composed of two hydrogen atoms bound to one oxygen atom. The two hydrogen atoms are smaller the smallest atom there is, in fact, and they rest on both sides of the larger oxygen atom at an angle of 105°. When the hydrogen atoms combine with oxygen, they each give away their single electron and form what is known as a covalent bond. Because electrons are more attracted
: light) and the word “catalysis” (katalyo : break apart,decompose). The main difference between a conventional thermal catalyst and a photocatalyst is that the former is activated by heat whereas the latter is activated by photons of appropriate energy. Photocatalysis refers to the oxidation and reduction reactions on semiconductor surfaces, mediated by the valence band holes and conduction band electrons, which are generated by the absorption of ultraviolet or visible light radiation. Pairs of