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Quizlet stellar evolution
Quizlet stellar evolution
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The beautiful twinkles of light in the night sky are stars. How did these sparkles of light come about? What role does physics play in the life of a star? To understand the physics of stars we must take a look at gravity, nuclear fusion, supernovae, and neutron stars.
Gravity is important in the formation of stars. A protostar, the earliest stage of a star, is formed from dust and gas from a nebula clumping together. The gravity pulling in is greater than the pressure pushing out. As more matter is pulled towards the core the temperature, pressure, and density increase. The gravitational potential energy is converted to kinetic energy for individual gas particles. The gas particles crash into each and create thermal energy, heating the core. A critical temperature must be met for nuclear fusion to begin. If the temperature isn’t met then a dead star is created.
Nuclear fusion marks the birth of a star. Nuclear fusion is the combination of nuclei to create a
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There are two types of supernovae and three types of type 1. Type 1 supernovae are stars that accumulate so much matter from nearby that they pass Chandrasekhar limit, approximately 1.4 times the mass of the sun, and explodes. Type 1a supernovae are the brightest and they can eject materials at 10000 km/s. Type 1b supernovae lost their hydrogen layer and revealed their helium layer. Type 1c supernovae lost more mass as super red giants and lost both the hydrogen and helium layers. Type 2 supernovae are stars that run out of fuel and collapses under their own gravity. The layers can blow out at a velocity of 15,000 km/s. The energy from the explosion causes elements heavier than iron to form. Remnants of supernovae will cool and become interstellar clouds, therefore, allowing new stars to form. A supernova can radiate more energy than the sun will in its entire lifetime. The supernova can either become a neutron star or a black
Black Star, composed of MC’s Mos Def and Talib Kweli, are joined by fellow rapper Common in their 1998 song “Respiration” to expose the decaying urban and societal conditions in their respective cities of Brooklyn and Chicago. Each artist paints a brilliant picture of their surroundings and deals with various issues which plague their communities. Mos Def’s verse is particularly well-written; in it he highlights the growing economic inequality, daily struggles of the inner city poor, and the overriding nature of the his city.
All these effects were the cause of the discovery of nuclear fission and its properties. Nuclear Fusion Nuclear fusion is the process used by the sun and the stars in our solar system to produce their energy. Fusion involves smashing hydrogen atoms together at high velocities to form helium, and the matter is made into energy.
Brown dwarfs are objects in space that sit between the lines of being a star and a planet. This object is dim and hard to distinguish from low mass stars at the early stages of the dwarf’s life. They are often called failed stars because they start their life the same way as regular stars. However, in some stage, they just didn’t have enough mass gathered to generate the fusion-powered energy of a star. Scientists are certain that brown dwarfs are the missing link between stars and planets but the formations of dwarfs are still a mystery.
A supernova remnant is a cloud of gas created in the explosion of a star as a supernova. Located 6,300 light years away, the Crab Nebula (M1) is one of the most famous supernova remnants and is one of only a few historically observed supernovae in the Milky Way Galaxy. It is specifically located at right ascension 5 hour...
A collision where one party collides with another and leaves the scene is considered to be illegal in the United States. If a white dwarf would collide with the sun this would be the exact case. It would take around an hour for the white dwarf to go completely through the sun and then after causing great destruction and changing the chemical and physical properties of the sun it would just continue on its path and leave behind massive destruction.
Did you know that the sun’s core can reach about 15 million degrees Celsius? This bright star has many significant happenings. These interesting occurrences include sunspots, solar winds, coronal mass ejections, and solar flares. Sunspots are cool, dark-colored regions of the photosphere related to a shifting magnetic field inside the sun. However, sunspots are only dark in our perspective. A sunspot removed from the bright background of the Sun would glow brightly. Solar wind is the radiation of heat and a steady stream of charged particles. The wind blows about 450 kilometers a second throughout the solar system. Also, the Aurora Borealis occurs when highly charged particles from the sun's atmosphere move into the Earth's atmosphere via solar wind. Occasionally, particles will burst from the sun in a solar flare, which can disrupt satellite communications and knock out power on Earth. The flares are as powerful as millions of 100-megaton hydrogen bombs exploding at the same time! Coronal mass ejections are huge bubbles of gas braided with magnetic field lines that are ejected from the Sun over the course of several hours. Coronal mass ejections are known to be formed by explosive reconfigurations of solar magnetic fields through the process of magnetic reconnection, however its exact formation mechanism is not yet understood.
An interstellar cloud of gas that is known as the solar nebula collapsed under its own gravity. The collapse may have been caused by a cataclysmic event. After that, gravity allowed the collapse to continue. This lead to the heating, spinning and flattening of the solar nebula. The Sun formed in the center of the collapsing solar nebula where the temperatures and densities were at their highest. The spinning ensured that the solar nebula did not collapse all of its material into the center. This allowed the material to be spread out more. Finally, the solar nebula was flattened into a disk.
All the stars in the universe were born in emission nebulas, extended clouds of hot, glowing interstellar gas. Astronomers believe that shock waves passing through interstellar matter initiates star formation, which happens when gravity starts...
When itBetelgeuse cannot fuse anymore anything over iron, the star will not have enough energy to make heat. Eventually, the core will collapse. When Betelgeuse collapses, it is so strong and powerful that it causes the outer layers to rebound. With the rebound it will have an explosion, which is called a Supernova (Type two). The explosion has so much energy and power that the temperature becomes really hot. The temperature is so hot that it can use the fusion process much heavier than iron. The elements that were given off from the explosion are sent throughout space and are now new nebula. When the Supernova is done, it has left behind a star called a Neutron star. They form when atoms of the core of a dead star are crushed together and the end result produces neutrons. The neutrons are with electrons that are degenerate on the surface. Many Neutron stars have magnetic fields and they give off strong waves of radiation from their poles. These types of Neutron Stars are known as Pulsars.
Stars were the foundation of how galaxies and planets were created. About 300 million years after the big bang occurred, gravity is the key element that helps galaxies form. Gravity crushes gas and dust together from clouds. As a result of gravity performing its function, heat and pressure are quickly ascending. When the temperature in the process of galaxy formation reaches 18 million degrees Fahrenheit, helium
Gravity forces the gases and metals to compress at an increasing speed, until the pressures build up at the core and produce a tremendous amount of heat. This stream of energy causes a huge explosion that sends most of the gases, and metals back into space to form a nebula. During a supernova, heavier metals such as uranium and lead can be produced. The earliest recorded supernova, called SN 185, was discovered by Chinese astronomers in 185 AD.
The Big Bang, the alpha of existence for the building blocks of stars, happened approximately fourteen billion years ago. The elements produced by the big bang consisted of hydrogen and helium with trace amounts of lithium. Hydrogen and helium are the essential structure which build stars. Within these early stars, heavier elements were slowly formed through a process known as nucleosynthesis. Nucleosythesis is the process of creating new atomic nuclei from pre-existing nucleons. As the stars expel their contents, be it going supernova, solar winds, or solar explosions, these heavier elements along with other “star stuff” are ejected into the interstellar medium where they will later be recycled into another star. This physical process of galactic recycling is how or solar system's mass came to contain 2% of these heavier elements.
Nuclear fusion occurs when two atomic nuclei collide with enough energy to bind together to form one nucleus. Nuclear fusion occurs in the core of our sun, and is the source of its tremendous heat. In the sun hydrogen nuclei, single protons, fuse together and form a new nucleus. In the conversion, a small amount of mass is converted into energy. It is this energy that heats the sun.
Neutron stars are the leftovers of stars with a mass of four to eight times that of our own sun. A neutron star can be formed when the star goes supernova. A star goes super nova when the star runs out of hydrogen to fuse into helium. When all of the hydrogen is used up, the star starts to fuse helium, and it keeps fusing heavier and heavier elements, until it reaches iron. Once the star tries to fuse iron, the star has effectively died, because fusing iron requires more energy to start the reaction than it will release. As the star fuses iron, it is absorbing energy, and gravity starts to compress the star because the star is no longer able to fight gravity because the fusion in the star has stopped. As soon as the star has been compressed enough, it will restart fusion, releasing incredible amounts of energy, causing a supernova. When a star goes supernova, it blows the outer layers of material off into space leaving only the core. If the star was large enough, only the core will remain. Because the core is unable to produce energy through nuclear fusion, gravity starts to press the core in on itself. As the star gets denser and denser, this process speeds up. Once there is no more room, this process stops