State of Research on the "Snowball Earth Hypothesis" The "Snowball Earth Hypothesis" also known as the "Varangia glaciation" is a hypothesis presented in 2001 by Geologist Paul Hoffman. (Wikipedia, 2002) The hypothesis purposes that 540 million years ago during the Neoproterozic, a meter thick of ice covered the oceans and glaciers the continents for 100 million years. Albedo; when ice and snow reflect solar radiation into space, in absents of greenhouse gases, which don't exist within
When a scientist wants to create an experiment there are many steps that they must go through. Before the experiment is conducted a hypothesis is created by making an educated prediction on the outcome of the testing and research. When forming a hypothesis, it is critical that it is testable and falsifiable. Once enough testing has been done, a scientific theory can be made. A scientific theory is information that has been concluded from and supported by various tests and research. This however,
However, rejecting our null hypothesis on the other hand can support our reasoning, which can be strengthened from replicated and new research. Within the analysis we test the null hypothesis, to help us suggest whether our hypothesis could be a possible reason for the results we collected. The more we replicate the research and reject the null in testing – the more and more possible our initial hypothesis is suggested to be plausible.[1] Why is a null hypothesis required in research? How is
thing is known for sure, the discovery of intelligent alien life outside of Earth would provide support to prove and/or disprove fundamental beliefs that have been held for centuries. In any case, the discovery would serve as a cornerstone for humanity to make the quantum leap in understanding the purpose of our existence. Based on numerous examples, it is impossible to deny the existence of extraterrestrial life outside of Earth. Reportings of sightings, ancient civilizations beliefs, and scientific
“Did you know the Bible talks about a great cube-shaped spaceship coming down to Earth?” Is this talking about UFOs? (Graves 12) To begin, this paper is on UFOs, the appearances of extraterrestrial spacecraft; also, the criteria to be one. Why extraterrestrial rockets are perceived to be undeniably real, legitimate, things. Why Flying saucers are perceived to be not tangible, or legitimate things. Finally, why the media glamorizes UFOs. UFO’s will forever be a controversy because of media glamorization
- Hazard and Mitton. The conventional interpretation of the spectral lines observed in quasars is based on the redshift hypothesis. Three hypotheses have been advanced to account for the supposed redshifts: 1. Cosmological hypothesis; the redshifts are due to the expansion of the universe, 2. Gravitational hypothesis, 3 Local-Doppler hypothesis; in this hypothesis the redshifts are due to the Doppler effect, but the quasars are relatively nearby and have nothing to do with the expansion
area and volume are some of the common measures. Conjectures A conjecture is an unproven point that appears to be right. Sometime it is called as hypothesis when used very often in proofs. The scientific method process involves creating conjectures, predicting with the help of observations and carrying out experiments based on them to prove the hypothesis. Conclusion Everyday our world is witnessing the usage of Scientific method in many inventions, discoveries or anything around us. These intuitive
to find which cleaner is most value for money in regarding prevention of bacterial growth. It is hypothesised that if the price of the cleaner varies but the ingredients are similar then similar results will still be observed. To confirm this hypothesis the results will have to show similar results to each other independent of the cost compare to the petri dish with no cleaner. INSERT GRAPH Figure 1. Explanation of the figure. Experimental Procedures The independent variable in an experiment
In this investigation I will be investigating if the hypothesis is True or False and justify why. Hypothesis:"All members of the community benefited 'equally' from the redevelopment of London's docklands" Introduction: My investigation is to investigate and justified whether or not the 'hypothesis' is true or false backing this up with results. In this investigation I will be doing the following to decide whether or not the hypothesis: "All members if the community benefited 'equally'
traveled to the west coast of Wales to find out how a river changes from its source to its mouth. We were situated in the small rural village of Tal-y-bont, which was near the town of Aberystwyth. The river that we decided to test out with our hypothesis and find out our aim on was the river Einion. The river Einion is a tributary to the river Dovey. The river is roughly 4 miles long and 12 miles from Aberystwyth. Aberystwyth is mainly a tourist-based town, situated between three vast hills
Factors that Determine the Price of a Second Hand Car Aim Use the information to investigate what influences the price of a second hand car. Introduction I’m going to find out what it is that affects the price of a second hand car. Hypothesis I think that the main factors in the drop of car prices are the age and mileage; this is because they give us a good indication as to what the cars price and other information could be. Plan I am going to prove this by making scatter
the chalk changed, but no new substance is involved, but if a piece of sodium drops into water, gas comes out, and causes a “pop” sound, that is a chemical change because gas has been formed when sodium dropped in the water. Hypothesis ========== Hypothesis for the experiment: After I conduct this experiment, I expect and suppose I can recognize and physical changes, identifying the difference these two kinds of changes. Also, I will be able to know some physical and chemical properties
the average size of the leaves in low light intensities. This should tell me if sunlight does affect the size of Ivy leaves. Hypothesis ---------- * Null hypothesis: - That light intensity has no effect on the size of the leaf * My hypothesis: - The leaves are larger, because they have a higher intensity of light I have chosen the above hypothesis, because plants cannot grow or live without photosynthesising. Photosynthesis is the process of converting simple organic compounds
The Optimal Foraging Theory Abstract.Ý The theory of optimal foraging and its relation to central foraging was examined by using the beaver as a modelÝ (summarizes the Introduction). Beaver food choice was examined by noting the species of woody vegetation, status (chewed vs. not-chewed), distance from the water, and circumference of trees near a beaver pond in North Carolina (summarizes the Methods).Ý Beavers avoided certain species of trees and preferred trees that were close to the
Factors that Affect the Period of a Pendulum Purpose: To determine the factor(s) that affect the period of a pendulum. Hypothesis: The factors that I think will affect the period of the pendulum are the displacement and the suspended mass because if the mass of the bob is a lot than it will take more force for the pendulum to swing and if there's a high displacement it will give the pendulum more energy to complete the cycle. Materials: stopwatch 100, 200, and a 500g bob protractor
Observe a Sixth Grade English Class at Bain Middle School I observe at Roosevelt Middle School, which is in River Forest, in Mrs. Braun’s sixth grade English class on Tuesdays in the morning. As I have observed, I have noticed that the classroom is student-centered. During computer time, Mrs. Braun focused more on helping the students get into the computer program to start the assignment than on having enough time to get the assignment done. Several times, Mrs. Braun gave helpful comments
Thanksgiving holiday is one of the few holidays that we do not have in Thailand. I never understood the significance of this holiday apart from its two-day school break until I traveled on Thanksgiving eve this past holiday. A taxi driver who drove me to the airport hinted about its importance by saying that, “Tonight is one of the busiest travel periods of the year.” I did not completely comprehend his claim until I saw how crowded the airport was. It seemed to me that everyone headed home to celebrate
There are many ways to draw the attention of an audience in a short story, essay, or speech. In Twain's short story he shows how man descended from the animal kingdom instead of ascend from animals. His essay influences the reader to feel what Mark Twain is feeling. He portrays his emotions through metaphors and gathers the emotion of the audience. He also uses examples of how much more cruel man can be compared to the animal kingdom. He is very sarcastic in his story and is also a bit comical at
the approach is non-numerical and analyses special phenomena that occur in nature. Quantitative research on the other hand is more of a systematic approach with measurable numerical quantities that go through analysis to prove a hypothesis. Finally, the research hypothesis is either approved or disapproved with regards to the results of the analysis (Laureate Online Education B.V. 2010). Hypotheses differ from research questions in that, they are predictions that researchers come up with about variables
undertaking an experiment, their goal is to discover and to experiment what the hypothesis, independent and dependent variables are of the experiment. Throughout this essay, I will be explaining what each of these terms mean and looking into an experiment and outlining what the hypothesis, independent and dependent variables are. The definition from the Oxford Dictionary states that the meaning of the word “hypothesis” is “A supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence