Measuring temperature.
In this essay, my chosen topic is measuring temperature. This includes what temperature is, the different methods of measuring temperature that can be used, how to do this and the advantages and disadvantages of all methods relating to set guidelines for example NICE guidelines and those of the Royal College of Nursing and National Health Service.
Body temperature is the average core temperature of the human body which is usually around 37 degrees. According to Marieb and Hoehn, 2010, body temperature shows the balance between heat production and heat loss. This temperature however, can change and is dependent on a few different factors for example how old the individual is, the environment that they are in and if the individual has a known illness (Hockenberry and Wilson, 2007). This
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There are also many conditions that can alter the reading given by a thermometer, for example, if the child is in a warm room, if the child has been active or if they are wearing a few layers of clothing. The average temperature of a child is around 36.4 degrees, but this again depends on the various factors and does differ from child to child. If a child has a temperature over 37.5 degrees then this is often considered as a fever. Fevers can be very common in children and this can often be a sign that the body is trying to fight infection. When the body temperature increases, the bacteria and viruses that cause infection often cannot survive therefore a child has a fever to protect themselves against harmful microorganisms
As humans are homeothermic mammals, core temperature is maintained within a narrow range, usually within 0.2° of 37°C regardless of the environment. This is a life saving adaptation since various physiological systems in the body require narrow temperature ranges in which they can function optimally.
...n Article Nielsen et al (2013) Diagnostic Accuracy hierarchy methods is applied which is review on second level (II) i.e. Randomised Controlled Trial and Meta-Analysis in the Pyramid level. These are also considered as gold standard in hierarchy of research design for evaluating the safety of a treatment. Also therapeutic study method is applied where different patients of age groups are used to treat with two different temperatures. There are two different trial methods used in this study. Here the level of hierarchy is high so that we can trust the result based on the data provided. We can also provide and opportunities to collect useful information about adverse affect such as temperature control over cardiac arrest. In the Meta-Analysis method multiple treatment groups are been treated with each other. There is also observational study performed in the article.
The body has specific ways of controlling the internal temperature: if the body is too cold then involuntary shivering occurs this causes the skeletal muscles to contract therefore producing heat. When conscious movement occurs the muscles again contract and relax which generate heat to warm the body up. Another way the body increases the temperature unconsciously the hairs all over the body stand on end causing a layer of air to be trapped, which acts like an insulator. When the body is too warm sweat is produced from pores in the skin, as this liquid sits on the skin it slowly evaporates causing the body temperature to drop, however if ...
The thermometer, containers, and iron ball were secured of any possible contaminants. The stopwatch was calibrated and checked to be correctly measuring the time in seconds and milliseconds, by comparison with other stopwatches. The thermometer was checked to be accurately measuring the temperature of lukewarm water, and was al...
This investigation is using a range of temperature in order to find weather or not
In response to the question set, I will go into detail of the study, consisting of the background, main hypotheses, as well the aims, procedure and results gathered from the study; explaining the four research methods chosen to investigate, furthering into the three methods actually tested.
There has been great debate and controversy in trying to determine the appropriate methods in attaining an accurate temperature in pediatric patients. In light of new technological advances to find innovative ways to attain exact temperatures in this population, there are hospitals and affiliated medical centers that still assess pediatric temperature through traditional means, which is rectal thermometer. Even more disturbing is the continued use of glass mercury-filled thermometers in the health care setting. These add additional risks of metal toxicity from the leakage of mercury and possible rectal perforation (Chiappini, Sollai, Longhi, Morandini, Laghi, Osio, Persiani, Lonati, Picchi, Bonsignori, Mannelli, Galli, & de Martino, 2010; Teran, Torrez-Llanos, Teran-Miranda, Balderrama, Shah, & Villarroel, 2011). Other means of assessing core temperature in terms of accuracy include obtaining a temperature through the pulmonary artery, tympanic membrane, esophagus, and urinary bladder (Braun, 2006). All of these are quite invasive techniques and are not well tolerated amongst the pediatric population. However, the most accurate noninvasive method can be quite confusing amongst the medical professional in the provisions of care and assessment.
The development of knowledge requires a number of processes in order to establish credible data to ensure the validity and appropriateness of how it can be used in the future. For the healthcare industry, this has provided the ability to create and form new types of interventions in order to give adequate care across a of number of fields within the system. Research then, has been an essential part in providing definitive data, either by disproving previous beliefs or confirming newly found data and methods. Moreover, research in itself contains its own process with a methodological approach. Of the notable methods, quantitative research is often used for its systemic approach (Polit & Beck, 2006). Thus, the use of the scientific method is used, which also utilizes the use of numerical data (Polit & Beck). Here, researches make use of creating surveys, scales, or placing a numerical value on it subjects (Polit & Beck). In the end the resulting data is neutral and statistical. However, like all things its approach is not perfect, yet, it has the ability to yield valuable data.
As noted in question two on page four, the air temperature made a relatively significant impact on the subject’s readings when comparing attempt one and two. The 1.5°C temperature increase during attempt two increased the subject’s initial skin temperature by 2.3°C and their core temperature by 1.5°C. This had a flow on effect, causing the subject to have an elevated heart rate during the first four minutes of exercise. This increase in bpm was most likely due to increased stress placed on the subject’s cardiovascular system to replace electrolytes lost to sweat via the bloodstream.
The human body is everything that makes up, well, you. The basic parts of the human body are the head, neck, torso, arms, and legs. Our bodies consist of a number of biological systems that carry out specific functions necessary for everyday living. The following paragraphs are going to explain the functions of two different body systems.
This reflective essay will discuss three skills that I have leant and developed during my placement. The three skills that I will be discussing in this essay are bed-bath, observing a corpse being prepared for mortuary and putting canulla and taking it out. These skills will be discussed in this essay using (Gibb’s, 1988) model. I have chosen to use Gibb’s model because I find this model easier to use and understand to guide me through my reflection process. Moreover, this model will be useful in breaking the new skills that I have developed into a way that I can understand. This model will also enable me to turn my experiences into knowledge that I can refer to in the future when facing same or similar situations. Gibbs model seems to be straightforward compared to the other model which is why I have also chosen it. To abide by the code of conduct of Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) names of the real patients in this essay have been changed to respect the confidentiality.
24°C Temperature being the most comfortable and 20°C being not so comfortable because its under 24°C.
Nursing can be defined in many ways and many people have different interpretations of it. Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviati...
I have used the recommended reading list in the course handbook to write this essay, yet it has taken me several pages and numerous edits to produce this final script. In order to avoid confusion in style, I consulted mainly two books but paid particular attention to Gimenez J (2007) Writing for nursing and midwifery students Palgrave.
This paper is going to reflect my thoughts on nursing as a profession and why I think the different aspects of nursing are so important. The purpose of the content in this paper is to give the reader a straightforward view on nursing and the different components of what makes up a nurse. I will do this through analyzing the theory of nursing created by theorist Jean Watson. Her ideas about nursing and mine flow so well together and the similarities are noted throughout the paper.