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What type of learning environment is best
Adults come to our classrooms with life experience and usually much more background knowledge than young children
Adult learning theory
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Introduction The word andragogy means; “the methods or techniques used to teach adults”. (dictionary.com) When looking at how adults learn, andragogy emphasizes the value of the process of learning. It uses approaches to learning that are problem-based and collaborative rather than didactic, and also emphasizes more equality between the teacher and learner. The teacher has to understand who they are teaching too and how that student learns the material that is being taught. There needs to be an understanding between the teacher and student on what is expected in the classroom and how the learning objectives can be reached on a level that is understood, analyzed, and retained. The term andragogy looks at this and how adult are supposed to learn. Traditional Learning Context While attending Kent State University, all marketing managers had to take Economics I and II. The class was not an overly big class, maybe holding 20 students. This was an evening lecture class and one that was extremely dry and some would say very boring. The instructor was very dry in his presentation style, voice very monotone, and all his examples were in reference to beer or alcohol. So if he was talking about supply and demand, then his example would be something like; college students want beer and the bars have it so they go to the bars to consume the beer hence lining the pockets of the bars and beer companies. I can understand the reason the instructor used the alcohol reference, he was trying to keep our interest or at least break it down in a way that the students could understand it. The textbook read like stereo instructions and all lecture notes were either written on the board with chalk or with transparencies. The problem with his ex... ... middle of paper ... ...ght. If there is no buy in then there is nothing taken away from the class being taught. We are constantly learning, in the traditional sense and in the non-traditional sense. Who is to say what is right and what is wrong. Each person learns differently. The application of the context needs to be applied to see the true value of the class. Works Cited QOTFC Basic Principles of Adult Learning (2005). Student Supervisors Toolkit Basic Principles of Adult Learning. Retrieved from http://www.qotfc.edu.au/resource/?page=65375. QOTFC: The Clinical Educator's Resource Kit (2013). Adult Learning Theory and Principles. Retrieved from http://www.qotfc.edu.au/resource/?page=65375. Merriam, S., Caffarella, R., & Baumgartner, L. (2006). Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
From classroom to a cocktail party, having knowledge in today’s economics is definitely an asset when it comes surviving in the world of business. Cocktail Party Economics, by Eveline Adomait, and Richard Maranta undeniably satisfies as an economic training book, helping you understand the concepts of basic economics. The book brings to light many theories and thoughts, which are explained in a certain way that help readers easily, compare and relate them to each other. During the first couple chapters of the book, the main theories presented are scarcity, value, opportunity cost, production, and absolute/comparative advantage. Believe it or not, all of these theories are relatable to Supply and Demand; the two concepts introduced in chapters six and seven.
Pedagogy is the passive trends from transfer of information from teachers to students, Andragogy is about active information seeking by the learner. Pedagogy assumes that students comes into the classroom with no life experiences to build on. Andragogy assumes that students have prior experiences that they can apply to the learning process. In Pedagogy teaching structure is subject-oriented, In Andragogy learning is less instructed and more relevant, relevance to real life issues are usually more essential using Andragogy as compared to Pedagogy. Pedagogy assumes that students have few internal motivations to learn and must rely on rewards and punishments. Andragogy assumes students have more internal motivations to learn. In Pedagogy students are dependent on teachers, In Andragogy students are more independent and responsible for their own learning. Pedagogy is more authoritarian model and Andragogy is more collaboratively learning model. In summary Pedagogy is more suitable for children in most cases and Andragogy is more suitable for adults in most
Loh explains that not every college professor is properly taught how to give a lecture, making it difficult for students to get the correct education from a professor who isn’t trained to explain the material. Various colleges and universities are starting to stray away from the traditional lecture and begin a more hands on approach to teaching a college course, while professors are looking to get rid of the college lecture completely. A research study showed classes that had an interactive approach as opposed to the traditional style resulted in better academic grades and a “36 percent drop in class failures.” Many educators prefer
...simply reuses the same approach and methodology each year, his class is likely to become boring and ineffective. In order to properly educate students, a teacher must always be looking for ways to improve his course—methods of making the knowledge seem more interesting and relevant to students. Originality and innovation not only maintain students’ attention, but also help keep teachers interested. Any subject matter will seem boring if an instructor teaches it the same way for twenty years. In order to maximize the effectiveness of their teaching, educators constantly must be in search of new methods of presenting content. Complacency, after all, is the first step on the road to ineffective instruction. Teachers, like their students, must always remain motivated by the desire to improve. Without this desire, the process of education becomes stagnant and empty.
Knowles, M. S. (1980). The Modern Practice of Andragogy: From Andragogy to Pedagogy. New York: Follett.
What is andragogy? Andragogy consists of a theoretical model of six assumptions that was developed by Malcolm Knowles in order to “distinguish adult learning and adult education from other areas of education” (Mirriam, Caffarella, & Baumgartner, 2007, p. 83). And so, andragogy might also be defined in terms of the efforts of “multiple researchers and scholars” (Henschke, 2011, p. 35) searching for a way to “establish andragogy as a proven theory and strong method for teaching adults” (Henschke, 2011, p. 35). But why is the topic of andragogy important for both adult learners and teachers? It is important because in order to effectively teach adult learners we must first “be cognizant of the differences which adult students bring to the classroom” (Schultz, 2012, p. 1) and to also understand that among adult learners, there exist “varying expectations and reasons for learning” (Schultz, 2012, p. 1). Andragogy is more¬over important to adult learners and teachers because both “learners and educators alike can use [it] to strengthen the learning transaction” (Mirriam et al., 2007, p. 84). With this brief definition of andragogy, along with the corresponding reason for its importance in mind, what now follows is what this paper is going to be about. The topic of this paper is an evaluation of whether or not the traditional learning environment is conducive to learning for adult learners as opposed to the andragogical environment. And the dual purpose hereof is to first briefly relate my own personal experience in a traditional learning context (under the heading of a ‘Traditional Learning Environment’), and then to reflect upon whether or not that traditional context (this time under the heading of ‘Andragogy Reflection’) i...
Instead of teaching us how to do projects and essays, how to use the quadratic formula, how to understand the concept of war, teach us instead the art of persuasion. Teach us the ways of entertaining an audience, the dilemmas that the world faces. Teach us that there are an enormous amount of issues in the world and they come with an abundant amount of solutions. To learn how to engage an audience is to learn how to teach one.
This paper begins with andragogy as being “the art and science of helping adults learn” (Kowles, 1980, p. 43; Mirrian, Caffarlla, and Baumgartner, 2007, p. 84). Bedi (2004) concluded that “[a]ndragogy facilitates the understanding of student behavior in the teaching relationship, provides a theoretical reason for teaching behavior and is a guiding philosophy for how to manage the learning environment towards an effective outcome” (p. 97); this is the source and resources of power for the teacher and the student. In addition and according to Mirriam, Caffarella, and Baumgartner (2007)—Hiemstra (1993, p. 42) stated, “Power consists of a combination of such external resources. . . as family support, social abilities, and economic abilities. It also includes various internally acquired or accumulated skills and experiences contributing to effective performance, such as resilience, coping skills, and personality” (p. 94). It is within the context of no family support, social abilities, and economic abilities, as a student, I lacked these powers that unchartered my course within educational requirements, thus, became A None-Conducive Situation That Did Not Help My Learning.
This paper will review Hase, S., & Kenyon, C. journal “From andragogy to heutagogy.” They discussed Knowles (1970) suggestion an important change in the way in which educational experiences for adults should be designed. They demonstrated the difference between the notion of andragogy and heutagogy. Furthermore the transformation from the theory of pedagogy to andragogy and now towards truly self-determined learning called heutagogy. This paper will exemplify the many benefits of both andragogy and heutagogy.
Andragogy, the art and science of teaching adult learners is a theory most closely associated with Malcolm Knowles. Andragogy unites the student and teacher, allowing a partnership to blossom in the classroom. The teacher has a role that is more of a tour guide and less of the authoritarian. The teacher allows adult students to experience the education as opposed to observe one. Andragogy instruction is not fully content based, but focuses on the process of education, it is not just what you learn, but also how you learn. According to Mr. Malcolm Knowles (1984), five main aspects of Andragogy are:
When I began this exploration, these two words: pedagogy and andragogy, my first thought was here I go again with learning about pedagogy. What in the world is andragogy? To much my surprise, I learned the history behind pedagogy; instead of, the theories that are supposed to work in the classroom. I never heard of andragogy until I started my research; when I started reading about pedagogy and andragogy, a thought entered my brain. The old question, “which came first, the chicken or the egg?” “Which came first pedagogy or andragogy?” Does a student begin to learn from someone else, (pedagogy) or does child begin learning when they are self-directed (andragogy)
The ideas established within the andragogical model offer suggestions and focus points to support the development of engaging and meaningful learning experiences for adults. In order to connect the andragogical assumptions with my reflections and further my thinking on professional development, I will first outline my memories and thoughts on each of the andragogical assumptions. Then, using my learning experiences as a guide, I will discuss how the professional learning opportunities at my school will change as a result of new understandings of adult
...at previously, sometimes in the midst of a discussion, people forget that there are two sides of a story and not everyone has to agree to yours. What we learn from our books or our studies is not what is necessarily important. What we learn from our peers and our professors is what’s important. Learning is more than absorbing fact, it is acquiring understanding, and it is being passionate about the material you are given. Each piece that we have read in class, and each comment that we make impacts a person no matter how little it seems. The education systems focuses too much about effective methods of teaching and not enough about effective methods of learning. However, this course felt like we were learning something instead trying to finish the curriculum. As Albert Einstein once said, “education is not the learning of facts, but the training of the mind to think”.
Yet, the damage doesn’t stop there, in classrooms where the students haven’t fallen asleep the students usually develop a dispirited, and less engaging nature towards learning. The students are convinced that the suitable mode of learning is through the utterances of a teacher which, undoubtedly, leads to an excessive reliance on professors. Reliance on professors is not necessarily a detriment, but when it prevents students from seeking knowledge independently it transforms them into superficial learners who lack depth of understanding.
This cycle of obedience and passive acceptance can spill over into other aspects of life where learners conform to beliefs and values without critically evaluating them. Brian Crittenden (1972: 146) speaks about “mis-education” which occurs when the content the teacher presents is a “violation of a ‘critical inquiry”. In other words the teacher presents information is such a way as to exclude any opportunity for enquiry.