Laterality is referred to as the superiority of function of one side of the body in relation to the other side with regards to sensory reception and motor output (Fisher et al., 1991:176). When discussing laterality, it is important to discuss lateralization as the two terms are linked. Lateralization refers to the process whereby each hemisphere becomes specialized in a specific function. It is believed that well-established laterality is a good indicator of lateralization (hemisphere specialization) (Krans, 2006:161). Theoretically, specific patterns of thinking and behaviour are associated to each hemisphere. For example, in a right-handed person, the left hemisphere is more specialised in directing and controlling fine motor skills such as writing and cutting (Ayres, 2005:34). Language is also typically lateralized to the left-hemisphere in most right-handed individuals. The right-hemisphere, in contrast, is better at processing non-verbal language. Both hemispheres also play important roles in reading and mathematical ability (Murray, 1991:178-183). A particular function may be strongly lateralized to one hemisphere, meaning that that hemisphere predominantly controls that function; or it may be weakly lateralized, suggesting more of a shared hemispheric control (Fisher et al., 1991:176).
Lateral dominance or handedness refers to the consistent and more skilled use of the preferred hand, compared to the non-preferred hand, in functional and skilled tasks (Krans, 2006:161). Previous literature assessed laterality in terms of handedness, as well as eye and foot preference and it was assumed that eye, hand and foot preference should all be consistent. However, recent research suggests that the correlation between handedness an...
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..., hands and feet, as well as poorly coordinated bilateral asymmetric movements (Van Jaarsveld, 2011:10). As discussed above, Kianah struggled more when performing bilateral movements of TFT and DDK compared to the unilateral movements (refer to Proprioceptive System). She also relied on her vision to assist her in planning and sequencing each repetition. Functionally, when bouncing a 43 cm ball repetitively with both hands (score of 3), Kianah struggled to coordinate her two hands together and her left and right hand did not move symmetrically. She only managed to bounce the ball four times before losing control of it. She performed better when bouncing the ball with one hand and alternating hands; however, she still only scored a four as she did not have good control of the ball. Her teacher also reports that she struggles with rhythmical clapping games in class.
All of the above elements are strengthened through dramatic skills such as drama, dance and physical education. These dramatic skills lead students to utilize physical movement in an artistic manner to increase their ability to be quick thinkers, problem solvers, memorization skills, self-discipline, task sequencing, and persistence. (Jensen, pg. 81). The kinesthetic arts teach students to be more at ease with who they are
The author explains that in many businesses, abilities associated with the left side of the brain used to matter the most. These include lin...
Broer was the first to call attention to the similarity of movement patterns used in seemingly dissimilar activities such as the baseball pitch, the badminton clear, and the tennis serve. Objective evidence of such similarities between throwing and striking activities within each of the three major upper-extremity patterns; overarm, sidearm and underarm. The representative activities from these categories across throwing patterns also showed great similarity in the muscular action of the lower extremity. Atwater distinguished between the overarm and sidearm throwing patterns in terms of the direction in which the trunk laterally flexed. When lateral flexion occurred away from the throwing arm, and overarm pattern was used; lateral flexion toward the throwing arm indicated a sidearm pattern. The underarm patter is distinguished by motion predominantly in a sagittal plane with the hand below the waist. Each pattern involves a preparatory movement referred to as a backswing, or windup, followed by the establishment of a base of support prior to the initiation of the force phase and ending in the follow-through. The base of support in the direction of the force application; forward and backward is a distinguishing feature of skill level. It has been well documented that more highly skilled individuals have longer strides. Once the base has been established, the more proximal segments begin the force application phase while the more distal segments complete the backswing.
Developmental Coordination Disorder and Hockey What is DCD? Developmental coordination disorder describes a numerous issues that incapacitate a child from fully acquiring the ability to perform movements that require some degree of skill. Those who have this disorder experience many challenges in carrying out or participating in daily activities. For the case of Kieran, he depicts the signs of DCD that has majorly affected his fine-motor ability chronically and gross-motor ability only mildly. An affected person like Kieran will be affected not just physically by lacking coordination, but emotionally and mentally. They may be very temperamental or lack endurance when carrying out tasks. Experts postulate that DCD people will have a lot of dependence on sight in order to respond to prompts. They easily loose themselves unless prompted by sight. The Dynamic systems theory is one conceptual framework through which this paper views motor development as being a subject of the person, the characteristics of the sport (Hockey) and the environment.
hemispheres of the brain in which he stated that " . . . left - hemisphere style
Being left handed or right handed is a natural development every individual catches on to at a certain age and according pediatrician (Laura Jana), most children start to show a preference for either their left or right hand at about 2 or 3 years old but can develop a preference as early as 18 months old. Most people feel that being right handed is an automatic adjustment that being right handed is correct and being left handed is viewed as a negative factor, in a retrospective study on decedents; scientist have solved the reason being that left handedness can reflect in a negative outcome. In researchers’ study (Marcel E. Salive, MD, MPH, and Jack M. Gurlnik, MD,PhD) they found that the average death rate for left-handers was 9 years lower
Vasconcelos, O., Rodrigues, P., Barreiros, J. & Jacobsohn, L. (2009). Laterality, developmental coordination disorders and posture. In L. P. Rodrigues, L. Saraiva, J. Barreiros & O. Vasconcelos (Eds.) Estudos em desenvolvimento motor da criança II (pp.19-26). Escola Superior de Educação, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo.
Yet still, many people believe that your personality affects which hemisphere you are more dominant in. “It may be that personality types have nothing to do with one hemisphere being more active, stronger, or more connected,” says Nielson. A new nonfiction book written by Stephen M. Kosslyn and G. Wayne Miller portrays the left/right brain theory should be instead referred to as the top brain, bottom brain theory. The book, however not being yet scientifically proven, gives reasons for us to be curious (Lombrozo). Even though all of these theories have been clearly declared a myth, researchers still believe all people should know the terminology left-brain, right-brain and what it refers to, but there are no patterns found that shows people are more dominant with one or the other hemisphere.
Kim Doe is almost three years old. She has been diagnosed with cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy is a neurological disorder that is oftentimes found in early childhood. It affects muscle coordination by voluntary movements, exaggerated reflexes, and tight or stiff muscles. Cerebral palsy also affects one’s body movements (“What is Cerebral Palsy,” 2015). Mrs. Doe would like to get Kim special education. After reading the case study, I would provide recommendations for using play to attain the developmental goals that were expressed in the study.
Cepero, M., Gutierrez, M., Ona, A., & Rojas, F.J. (2000). Kinematic adjustments in the basketball shot against an opponent. Ergonomics 43 (10), 1651-1660.
Hopkins, W. D., et al. "Handedness For Tool Use In Captive Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes): Sex Differences, Performance, Heritability And Comparison To The Wild." Behaviour 146.11 (2009): 1463. Publisher Provided Full Text Searching File. Web. 16 Apr. 2014.
Nowadays, it is widely known that the right and left hemisphere have different functions. The two hemispheres are equally important in a daily life basis. Nevertheless, in the 1960’s this was not common knowledge. Even though today the importance of the brain hemispheres is common knowledge, people don’t usually know to whom attribute this findings. One of the people who contributed to form a more defined picture about the brain hemispheres and their respective functions was Roger Wolcott Sperry, with the split brain research. Roger Sperry did more contributions than the split brain research, but this is his most important and revolutionary research in the psychological field. Thanks to the split brain research, Sperry proved that the two hemispheres of the brain are important, they work together and whatever side of the brain is more capable of doing the task is the hemisphere that takes the lead.
do with being able to use a few joints and body parts of the body to complete a specific motor skill. This can be fixed with having and practicing hand-eye coordination.
Physics is a part of everyday life. It is evident in the modern technological devices we use in every day experiences and objects around us. Although physics is understood to be only useful in the classroom, physics can also be applied to one the most popular activities on the planet, basketball. Whether jumping for the ball, or leaping for a slam dunk, the human body follows the same laws of projectile motion as do other objects. The sport that includes shooting, passing, running, and dribbling involves topics covered in physics such as force, friction, effects of air resistance, velocity, air pressure and energy. Basketball also involves factors such as projectile motion in making a basket, gravity and its effects on passing and dribbling, and Newton’s First and Third Law on passing and a number of others.
The definition of hand-eye coordination is the capability of the vision system to coordinate the information received through the eyes to control and direct the hands on how to function. An increase of this ability is very useful in a hands on work setting. This allows for work to be completed more efficiently and without errors. Not only does better hand-eye coordination help in the occupational setting, it also can be a useful tactic in child development (Daniel, 2011). It has been known to engage children at quicker pace because they are not forced to stop and think about the actions they are performing. With less thinking time, the children are able to absorb new information and skills at a faster