Children are 24% of the world population; therefore children are the future of every nation in the world (Addy). It is important to care about their developments. However, different cultures have different ways of raising their children. Some believe that heredity plays an important role on how children will behave, and some argue that children are as malleable pieces of clay; they can be character into whatever shape by the environment (Harris, 20). There has always a large controversy around the issues of weather heredity or environment affect how children are being raised. The debates between weather nature and nurture characterize children’s behavior have been around for centuries. Scientists believe that surrounding environment has massive influences children’s personality, development, behavior, intelligence and ability. The ideal environment to raise children depends upon what is needed in order for the children to be succeeded. Family from small town will argue that raising children in a big city is ideal because there are more opportunity for the kids. While family from big city will argue that raising a child in a small town is the best because close bonds between family member and there are less distraction from the city, specifically drug. In addition to that, a happy and protective childhood will help children succeed in their future, and also children who involved in multi-dimensional explorations such as safe and healthy places, favored places, parentally-approved places, educative places, and culturally-approved places helps enhance children’s understanding on children’s behavioral, social skill, and intelligence. Hence, the surrounding environment has a profound impact and effective on children’s social, intellige...
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In recent years, the number of children whose families fall under the line of poverty has risen at an alarming rate. Crosson-Tower (2013) postulated a reason for this increase when she said, “The recent weakening economy, a higher unemployment rate, unprecedented numbers of home foreclosures and a decline in the safety net for children and their families have resulted in a gradual continuing increase in children living in extreme poverty” (p. 57). Apparently, nearly every aspect of the United States’ crumbling economy affects a family’s ability to meet basic needs. The rise in single parent, mother headed families has not helped poverty statistics because of the lower earning potential of women. A major reason so many children liv...
Whether you're white, African-American, or Hispanic, poverty for today's youth has many recurring themes. A recent article by Duncan and Brooks for The Education Digest points out some very discerning facts that face today's poor youth. "Low Income is linked with a variety of poor outcomes for children, from low birth weight and poor nutrition in infancy to increased chances of academic failure, emotional distress, and unwed childbirth in adolescence." (Duncan& Brooks, pg. 1). They also claim that low-income preschoolers show poorer cognitive and verbal skills because they are exposed to fewer toys, books, and other brain-stimulating items at home than their higher-income classmates.
Huston, A. C. (Ed.). (1994, August 26). Children in Poverty: Child Development and Public Policy. New York: Cambridge University Press.
According to the Children's Defense Fund, 13.5 million children living in America today are poor, and 5.8 million of them are living in extreme poverty, with incomes below half the poverty line. The issues related to poverty -- from substandard housing and malnutrition, to inadequate health and child care services, to severe emotional stress and violence -- are complex and interconnected. Therefore, attempting to understand the problem and propose possible solutions appears to be an overwhelming task. Garbarino effectively provides a lens through which to view the social forces affecting childhood development. Aletha Huston, on the other hand, in her book Children in Poverty: Child Development and Public Policy, proposes a "child-centered" analysis, which focuses on the child's healthy development as "a goal in its own right," rather than as part of a larger social-economic context.
Abigail C. Saguy2 and Rene Almeling Sociological Forum, Vol. 23, No. 1, March 2008 (_ 2008)
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Poverty is quite an issue not only in third world countries but also here in the United States. Interviews were conducted with 74 families with school-age children, including 44 families living at or below 150% of the federal poverty level and 30 families living above 150% of poverty (Heymann 5). Over 14 million U.S. children lived in poverty in 1997 (Sherman and Sandfort 555).
According to the Children Defense Fund 1 in 13 children will live in extreme poverty in the United States and a family of four is extremely poor if their income is below 10,000 or half of the official poverty line. (http://www.childrensdefense.org/child-research-data-publications/data/state-data-repository/census/census-2007-child-poverty-data.pdf,). Despite being wealthy the U.S. . has the highest rate of child poverty among all the other countries. Poor children are more likely to go hungry and are less likely to be read to during their early years. They are less likely to have health insurance and needed care. Poor children are more likely to start school behind their affluent peers and are less likely to graduate high school. They are more likely to grow up as poor adults and become involved in the criminal justice system. A family of four's annual income must be lower than 23,000 to reach child poverty. (http://www.childrensdefense.org/child-research-data-publications/state-of-americas-children/documents/2014-SOAC_child-poverty.pdf(). Children in single parent homes were four times more likely to be poor than children in two adult families. Almost 70 percent of all children live with two parents.(http://www.childrensdefense.org/child-research-data-publications/data/state-data.) The south has the highest child poverty rate with 1 in 4 children compared to 1 in 5 children in the rest of the country. Growing up in child poverty can be a major effect on a healthy development for a child. Poverty and stress about finances can have an effect on children's cognitive development and their ability to learn. It can contribute to behavioral problems, social and emotional problems, and poor health. Living in poverty affects how a chil...
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The social safety net does a far better job of catering to the elderly than children, reflecting the political muscle of elderly Americans. The Southern states consistently rank among the worst in child poverty. Despite some educational and health care reforms being enacted in several states, the future for children in poverty still doesn’t yield much optimism, especially in the south. In North Carolina, the poverty ranking fell from 34th to 35th as reported by the Annie E. Casey Foundation in the KIDS COUNT Data Book (Sturgis, 2013). The KIDS COUNT is a project orchestrated by the Annie E. Casey Foundation, which tracks the overall wellbeing of children in The United States. By providing data like the KIDS COUNT Data Book, the Foundation seeks to enrich the lives of children who are in
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They are even capable of understanding and dealing with their own emotions as well as the emotions of others. Some of the implications of poverty include educational setbacks, issues with social behaviors and hindrances in psychological and physical development. Poverty deprives children of the capabilities needed to survive, develop and prosper in society. Studies have shown that the income status of a household and even the neighborhoods in which they reside can affect the amount of readily available resources needed to sustain a healthy child. This essay will examine the psychological and physical effects of poverty on children.
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