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Psychopathy and criminality
Psychopaths and crime essays
Investigation of psychopathy
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There are a couple ways to spot a psychopath or sociopath living among you. It’s not clear cut, as there are a wide range and different degrees of psychopaths. You can have highly functioning psychopaths that are in full control and don’t really show any signs of their disturbed minds or you could have a complete loose cannon. The Hare Psychopathy Checklist is often looked at to find psychopaths. If a person scores over 30, they can be considered a psychopath. Traits in the checklist include things like irresponsibility, delusions of grandeur, superficial charm, lying, thrill seeking, shallowness, lack of empathy, promiscuity, lack of goals, and many others. On top of different traits, psychopaths are prone to different activities and behaviors.
One of the most important indicators of a psychopath is a tendency towards criminality. While conducting the Hare Psychopathy test on prisoner samples from inside North America, that 20.5%, and 17.5% outside North America, had earned a score of 30 or higher, which qualifies a person for the diagnosis of psychopathy. (15) Other studies have shown that higher psychopathy scores share a link with detention in higher security, issues with discipline, substance abuse and repeated imprisonment. (16).
Psychopaths have also been found to be prone to violence. The FBI have reported that psychopathic behavior has quite a bit in common with different traits of serial killers. Traits like impulsivity, thrill seeking, predator behavior, controlling, and lack of guilt or empathy. (19) All of which can very clearly lead to violent behavior. Other research may suggest that instrumental violence, as opposed to reactive violence, is far more likely to be committed by a psychopath than a non-psychopath. ...
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...nmental factors individualizes the different building block traits of a psychopath. (49)
The environmental theory makes links between bad relationships with parents, convicted parents, physical neglect, poor families, broken homes, harsh discipline, delinquent siblings, young or depressed mother and poor supervision. The theory makes many links with psychopathy setting in at a young age. (15) The idea is that the child is not raised under circumstances that allow for full normal development of the brain, and it makes way for the mind of a psychopath. Head injuries also have a link with both violent behavior and psychopathic behavior. Brain injury could lead to an inability to make normal moral and social decisions. Children with early damage may never learn moral or social reasoning and will develop as psychopaths with high antisocial and aggressive behavior. (44)
Hare used these core factors to develop the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised assessment tool that helps detect psychopathy in people. They developed this theory because psychopathic behavior was thought of as miscellaneous of a topic to be categorized in one or two factors. The four recommended factors proposed by Hare and Neumann are: Interpersonal, Affective, Lifestyle and Antisocial. The first factor, interpersonal consists of superficial charm, manipulation, pathological lying, and a grandiose sense of self-worth. Secondly, the affective factor involves the lack of remorse or guilt, shallow affect, callous and/or lack of empathy, and failure to accept responsibility for own actions. The third factor is lifestyle, which comprises of need for stimulation and/or proneness to boredom, parasitic lifestyle, impulsivity, irresponsibility, unsatisfactory work habits, and lack of realistic long-term goals. Finally the fourth factor is antisocial and contains poor behavioral controls, early behavior problems, juvenile delinquency, criminal versatility, and revocation of conditional release (Hare & Neumann, 2005, p.58-59). According to Hare and Neumann “The 4 psychopathy factors are significantly interrelated, and thus can be comprehensively explained by a single superordinate (that is, psychopathy) factor.” (Hare, R. D., & Neumann, C. S.
The psychopath know the reasons behind acting a certain way and just don't think about the consequences. Even in the DSM-IV clear definitions of a psychopath doe not exist but the closes to diagnose is anti-social personality disorder. Dr. Hare instead developed the Psychopathy Checklist for people to diagnose psychopathy. The first part of the Psychopathy Checklist looks at the emotional and interpersonal traits of the disorder(Hare, 1993). Some of the emotional qualities that the clinician would look for is as followed: glib/superficial, egocentric/grandiose and lack of empathy.
Psychopaths are strict when committing a crime. They plan there crime before they do it. Because they think there crimes through, they are hardly found about. In the article, “Psychopath vs sociopath” it says “tendency to participate in schemes and take calculated risks to minimize evidence or exposure.” People portray them to be very violent people but it is rare for them to do violent crimes. They tend to do smaller crimes but they can be serial killers. As they feel no guilt when doing the crime, although, when they do a big crime they can be undetected for a long
Despite the controversy circled with psychopathy within the courts, the diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder, or psychopathy is never successful. Instead it serves as a determining factor for the prison sentence since psychopathic offenders are more likely to offend again and not be deterred (Siegel &
There have been many studies on what behaviors constitute psychopathy. Various Studies have shown that an individual’s behavior must include actions such as hostility to animals or people, ruin to possessions, dishonesty or larceny, and grave violations of rules, as well as a clinically defined impairment of an individual’s social, educational, or employment-related purposes. In order for an individual to be found to be presenting such a disorder, he or she must present with a minimum of at least one of the previous mention behaviors in the past six months, or three plus in a twelve-month timeframe (Mueller III, 2012). Individuals present with psychopathic propensity or psychopathy have a tendency to have a decreased aptitude to name apprehensive facial expressions and a frightened vocal change. An out of...
Psychopaths literally feel nothing when it comes to violence or fear. Levy studies show that the emotional sectors of the brain are damaged. This makes them dangerous. They can not see that something is hurting or they are hurting someone.
Psychopathy has fascinated the public for years due to the gruesome and evil portrayal it has received in the media. Psychopathy is defined in the DSM-III as a personality disorder characterized by enduring antisocial behavior, diminished empathy and remorse, and disinhibited or bold behavior (Patrick, Christopher, Fowles, Krueger, Rober, 2009). Psychopathy represents a cluster of different dimensions of personality found amongst the general population to varying degrees (Patrick et al, 2009). The diagnostic definition is meant to be applied to adults, however psychopathology can occur in children. Controversy surrounds the topic of childhood mental illness because the brain is not fully developed until the age of 18; thus allowing the possibility that symptoms are the result of growing up and will change. The triarchic model, formulated by Christopher J. Patrick, is the most commonly used model in diagnosing adult and childhood psychopathy. This model suggests that different conceptions of psychopathy emphasize three observable characteristics to varying degrees; boldness, disinhibition and meanness (Patrick, et al, 2009). Boldness is the first observable characteristic and is comprised of low fear including stress-tolerance, toleration of unfamiliarity and danger, and high self-confidence and social assertiveness. Disinhibition; characterized by poor impulse control including problems with planning and foresight, lacking affect and urge control, demand for immediate gratification, and poor behavioral restraints. Meanness is defined as lacking empathy and close attachments with others, disdain of close attachments, use of cruelty to gain empowerment, exploitative tendencies, defiance of authority, and destructive excitement seek...
Through out time and history there have been many theories of what truly defines a criminal psychopath. Some have evolved and progressed more than others. Form the first study conducted through now we have a better understanding of the characteristics that make up a psychopath. Although there are a variety of different psychopath categories there are those main characteristics that everyone should be aware of. These include : Lacl of remorse, Lack of empathy, Lack of realistic or long term goals, poor judgment, having a manipulating personality, superficial charm, and above average intelligence.
According to the Federal Bureau of Investigations website, psychopathy has been described as the single most important clinical construct in the criminal justice system. It goes on to say that the need to understand psychopathy cannot be overstated (FBI, 2013.) From environmental influence to biology, psychopathy can be looked at from several different angles. This paper examines current thinking about how the brain and its structures contribute to psychopathy.
Psychopaths are intelligent, appealing, and good at copying emotions seen from others. They pretend to care and may sometimes even act like they are there for you, which is all a means to get what they want.
...res of the psychopaths and gives the reader various examples of these individuals playing out these characteristics in everyday life. A widely used checklist is provided so the reader can get a wide spanning view of what is accounted for when scoring a psychopath. This form of research is very important within the deceitfulness of this population; it allows the professional to ignore their words and examine their actions. Hare made it clear that it is not uncommon for there to be an emotional and verbal disconnect from their actions. With virtually no emotional functioning psychopaths feel no remorse for the offenses that they commit and it is very important that we work towards using the opportunities we have to study and assist these populations; not only for them but for ourselves.
...e to murder over a period of time frequently show sociopath tendencies. Serial killer's have little self-esteem and a sociopath's inability to feel other people's pain or sorrow for any wrongful acts that they have committed (Casey, p. 80).
For this paper I plan to first define and outline the features of psychopathy. Then I will explore how traits of psychopathy are measured and present in children and adolescents and subsequently what relation there is between the expression of these traits in both 9childhood and adolescence and later criminality. Finally I plan to conclude my paper with possible interventions to help prevent persistent delinquent and criminal behavior as well as exploring any criticisms of measuring psychopathy and interventions in both adults and children.
Depictions of psychopaths today have become exaggerated based off of what you see in movies and films. The psychopaths in movies are believed to be dangerous or have an anti-social personality disorder. Not all psychopaths can be defined in that manner. Psychopaths are identified as people who are emotionally unstable. They are ultimately suffering from a chronic mental disorder with abnormal or violent social behavior. There have been studies ultimately wondering if a psychopath is born, or is it raised? Genetics and environment combine to produce conditions that create psychopathology. By paying attention to environmental variables we can potentially reduce the amount of people who become dangerous psychopaths.
Psychopathic serial killers are, almost without exception, males who are driven by a sexual or aggressive drive to exert power and control by killing another living, breathing thing. The answer is no. Serial killers are the most extreme form of psychopaths, but are not crazy or insane in any sense of those words. Over ninety percent of serial killers are white males, who have IQ’s in the normal to bright range. Even...