Since the very beginning of history, human beings have created a wide array of tools, whether for hunting, cooking, or self-defense. All these tools enabled the survival of the human species and became an essential part of the human civilization. We invent tools and artifacts in order to facilitate and make things easier in our daily life activities as we have been doing since the immemorial history. Believe it or not, the things we create shape and have a direct influence on us because they create a type of dependency between the animate and inanimate (Cronin 2012, 470). As Cronin points out: “The tools shape us as much as we shape them” (ibid., 471); every tool we invent has an impact on us which can be good or bad and in some cases influence …show more content…
According to Hutchins (1998, 294), Peter Arthern (1979) is credited as the one who came up with the idea of TM in a paper that he delivered to the European Commission. Raising the issue that translators working for the European Commission were wasting valuable time when translating texts that had already been translated, Arthern suggested that all source texts and target texts should be compiled in a computerized storage where translators would have access in order to retrieve very quickly the already translated texts for reuse (1979, 94). In 1980, a monumental idea was conceived by Martin Kay (1980/1997) in a paper entitled “The proper place of Men and Machines in Language Translation” where he called for a complete re-evaluation of the relationship between translators and computers. In this paper, Kay encouraged a shift of research focus from MT to other useful software applications for translators; his proposed tool, Translator´s Amanuensis, consisting of a text editor and a dictionary embodies what we know today as a TM system. One year later, Melby (1981) suggested the use of computer-generated bilingual concordances as an aid to translators and developed the idea of a translator´s workstation, which is a collection of tools that aim the translator in the translation process. As highlighted by Gow (2003), Melby´s concept of alignment results in an important element in the design of effective TM tools (11). Another important step toward the realization of modern TM technology was Harris´ (1988) bi-text conception; i.e. a paired source and target text. A bi-text facilitates an electronic search and a retrieval of previous translations (Hutchins 1998, 301). Once tools for text alignment made bilingual databases of translation possible, the first commercial TM systems were released on the market in the early 1990s (Hutchins 1998, 303). Users were
Stuff Matters is a book that helps readers to connect the importance of material science and the technology behind the “stuff” that modern civilization has embraced over time. The book provides valuable insight on why the discoveries are relative to our existence. Many of which were required for survival, functional or practical and materials whose only the function was to be aesthetically pleasing to the eye. Modern civilization continues to reap the benefits of the advancement in material science and the discoveries that shape our
Since the first seeds sowed, humanity has sought to change the world around them; with this desire, technological advances continue to alter the world around humans. Every advancement comes with the benefit and its drawback. These setbacks create new problems to solve, and new complications after the solution. Still, humanity desires constant improvement to their condition. The cyclical nature of this arrangement brought about humans from hunting and gathering to the moon and the internet. Feats like the latter, unimaginable to early homo sapiens, show that the cycle of achievement followed by impediment create technological progress. Humans need negative influences from technological advances so that the positive influences continue to prevail.
From the first spears clumsily thrown at unsuspecting birds, to the iPhones we use as expensive flashlights to find the light switch, humanity’s been coming up with things that make our lives easier and easier. These inventions have shaped our very existence. They’ve brought us from being cave-dwelling, raw meat-eating Neanderthals to the top of the food chain. Then, after we conquered the elements, we set about conquering everything else. We made tasks that would normally take several days to complete take just a few hours. We shaped the land to suit our needs. And all the while, inventions were the source of our newfound power.
Technology is used by its creator, the human race, to help it achieve a desired outcome of events or circumstances. Technology cannot pick and choose what it will and will not do; its actions are dictated by the controller of this technology, a puppet- master of sorts. In the novel 2001 A Space Odyssey, the people of the ancient world use technology to help them survive on the Open Savannah where there is little to eat if you cannot hunt the numerous beasts that roam the region, “With these weapons, the limitless food that roamed the savannahs was theirs to take,” (Arthur C. Clark p 23). When the ancestors of civilization discovered that simple sticks and stones could be used as weapons to hunt the many animals that walked among them every day, they took a step forward into a new age of discovery and learning. Now that their food supply was secure they were able to think about other mysteries that still ...
For example, the cell phone the device that we as humans are addicted to. Did you know that Henry Sampson was the engineer behind this creation.He graduated from Morehouse University. He majored in engineering. We don’t take the time and look into theses things. As long as our phones are not broken we don’t care
“I shall briefly explain how I conceive this matter. Look round the world: Contemplate the whole and every part of it: You will find it to be nothing but one great machine, subdivided into an infinite number of lesser machines, which again admit of subdivisions, to a degree beyond what human senses and faculties can trace and explain. All these various machines, and even their most minute parts, are adjusted to each other with an accuracy, which ravishes into admiration all men, who have ever contemplated them. The curious adapting of means to ends, throughout all nature, resembles exactly, though it much exceeds, the productions of human contrivance; of human design, thought, wisdom, and intelligence. Since therefore the effects
The influence that culture has had on human technology is undeniable. One could even go as far as to say that sometimes, it is difficult to distinguish between the two. The term “culture” is extremely difficult to define because of the vast array of meanings that people attach to it. For this very reason, it is imperative to examine the most basic notion of culture, namely: “the totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and thought” (as taken from www.dictionary.com). Given this definition, it seems reasonable to conclude that human technologies fall under the category of “all other products of human work and thought”. Yet, although human technologies are closely linked to culture, we must draw certain distinctions between the two.
Technology is constantly advancing in the world. With the constant usage of it everything we do changes in the world. Shifting up the games of society, making its labors and other work easier than ever. Transforming the ways of information sharing, conversation, and interaction in general. Various technologies are now a big part of most of the people of the world’s everyday lives and are incredibly supportive to the general public and government alike. They are extremely advantageous due to the constant upgrading of the various tools they provide us with everyday. Some feel the human race has lost a certain survival instinct, or organic strength due to our new pushes in technology, but one could argue that they actually strengthen the masses making people using this equipment more knowledgeable than ever before. The proof is witnessed by multiple people every day with the growing application of the many tools given to them. The surge in know-how shows.
Translation means an intense form of cultural and social act of understanding a context and conveying it to another language and culture. Studying on language theories, culture and translation and the relationship between these factors are valuable issues dueto the growing importance of human communication in the world. The variety of languages with different culturesand necessity of communications in human life caused translation to be a very effective factor in communication, exchange of cultures, and knowledge. Translation studies emerged as a distinct discipline in the past few decades and it expanded in unprecedented ways. This expansion has brought with itself a multitude of different and competing approaches, translation models etc. This shows the acceptance of the new born discipline and it established a dominant paradigm. The main job of translators is to provide an effective means of communication. The translator is simultaneously a mediator, creator, manager, producer and sometimes a critic. Efficient communication means translating an original text by word to word basis and meaning-meaning transliteration. It’s delivering the genuine context of the message to the language that the target language user understands. Translators work beyond the boundaries of languages, cultures and societies. They position themselves between the poles of specificity and adaptation in accordance with the strategies of their translational behaviour. Translation is not a simple process of translating word by word and by using a dictionary, it requires a lot of cultural awareness and understanding to be able to say it just like a native language would.Change of ideas, concentration of mutualefforts in different directions, communication among...
To begin with a brief definition of translation, it can be stated that it is basically transferring the words included in one language to the other by making necessary changes and sticking to the source language taken from either the source text or source speech. With the help of rapid technology and the network among countries, the significance given to translation has become an indispensable part of wide range of business and communication purposes. The source determines whether it will be a job of translators or interpreters. It is important to refer each of them by explaining the differences between them at this point.
Throughout history, humans have invented things that have changed the way we live our lives. These inventions will gradually impact a larger number of humans until it becomes an integrated part of life. Humans can also invent few things beyond their control. Things like electricity and nuclear power have changed life beyond what mortals can comprehend. Some will argue that such inventions elevate the human race to a new level, and accordingly new dimensions are added to the way we live, that make us wonder how did we live prior to these inventions.
People in the modern world still use the same technology that people from millions of years ago used. These technologies make life easier for humans and help them do day-to-day activities. Machine technology throughout the world is mainly made from six simple machines. They are the lever, inclined plane, wedge, screw, wheel and axel, and pulley. These machines provide a mechanical advantage for people and provide safer, less strenuous work for them. Starting from the Stone Age to present time, simple machines have made the largest global impact because they help human beings create less work and effort, they have developed new technologies in history, and they continue to help people make new technologies today.
In the 21st century, we live in the era of technology-driven world. Humans never stopped the development of technology, because we always have a natural tendency to pursue a higher level of human being. Technology is the best evidence of human intelligence, which has shown that we are different from other animals. We have lived with technology since we were born. Although it has intervened heavily in our daily lives that we can’t no longer live without, nobody can deny the achievements it has brought to us.
Tools allowed them to have regular access to meat within their diet, which was an important turning point in human evolution. Furthermore, weapons are also a reflection of the early humans improvement in cognitive abilities as they realized the importance of their safety and it showed that humans were beginning to become smarter as they had to adapt to protect their families from prey and required more efficient hunting of a wider selection of food, like different types of animals. Lastly, the artwork of the humans during the time revealed their level of intellect, imagination and safety. The progression and change in human material culture directly reflect the changes in human cognitive abilities over
The Importance of the Brief for a Translator under the Framework of the Skopos Theory