Introduction
What if you could design your child before it was even born? What if you could cut out any life threatening diseases, make sure that your child is not susceptible to smoking addictions or alcoholism, and then make your child genius? Would you? Are you asking yourself how this could be done? Have you ever considered human genetic engineering?
What is Human Genetic Engineering?
Lets start by looking at the cell and the source of heritable traits. We know that all organisms are made up by cells and that new cells can only spring from existing cells. Cell growth depends upon the production of new cells and within each cell exists DNA. DNA contains the hereditary instructions need for each organism to grow and develop. Every parental organism gives the correct amount of DNA to its offspring. Humans give their children twenty-three chromosomes from each of the parents.
DNA looks something like a twisted staircase, and when in a condensed form, each DNA molecule is called a chromosome. Genes are formed in pairs are located in these chromosomes. During reproduction the gene pairs are split apart and randomly passed on to the offspring. During the replication of the gene pairs chance events such as mutations, can change their structure and prompt evolution.
Through human interference we can compose our own evolution by using genetic engineering. By using this genetic engineering, scientist have the means to isolate, cut and split different genes from different species, and then amplify the number of copies of the gene that they are interested in.
This process has four steps. First, enzymes are used to cut DNA molecules into smaller fragments. Second, the fragments are inserted into a cloning device, such as plasmids. Third, the fragments that are wanted are identified, and then copied. Fourth the fragment is inserted back into the same organism or possibly into a different one.
Historically, humans have used artificial selection to pass on desirable traits in livestock. Now researchers are trying to identifying and map the specific traits passed on in the human DNA. The Human Genome Project is currently working their way though 3.2 million gene pairs that exist in the twenty three pairs of human chromosomes.
Oh, Happy Day for Genetic Engineering!
Researcher, James M. Wilson, a pionee...
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...ny unknowns. Perhaps when more progress is made we can one day cure genetic disorders. There was a time when the world thought that polio was incurable, but Dr. Jonas Slak proved the world wrong. Maybe sometime in the future cystic fibrosis will be as big of a problem as the chicken pox.
Works Cited
California State University, Chico. Internet. CSUC Library. 21 Nov. 1998. Available http://www.cwrl.utexaas.edu/~rouzie/e306fall/proj4/genetics/genetics(1st_pg).html
“Deoxyribonucleic acid.” Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary. 1989
Dillow, Gordon. “Toward A More Perfect Human?” Orange County Register 2 July 1995: 1
“Evolutionary Wisdom of Genetic Roulette?” Science 31 Oct. 1997: 882
“The Need To Regulate And Control Genetic Engineering.” Third World Resurgence Jan./Feb. 1995: 16-24
Olshansky, S. Jay, Bruce A. Carns, and Douglas Grahm. “Confronting the Boundaries of Human Longevity.” American Scientist Jan./Feb. 1998: 53-61
Rifkin, Jeremy. “God In A Labcoat.” UTNE Reader May/June 1998: 66+
Rubenstein, Irwin. “Nucleic Acid.” The World Book Encyclopedia. 1986
The words Negro, nigger, and nigga have always been a sensitive topic, yet it is a topic that needs to be addressed in light of the more common use of its vernacular. One word is used to describe a color, while the others are used to define a people. It’s very clear to many the negative connotation these words carry, but where did these words come from? Furthermore, is there a difference between the word nigger and nigga; and why is it that African-Americans now use the word nigga to degrade each other in today’s society? These words, in spite of their spelling, still holds the same degrading power as it did during the time of slavery, and they are still spoken out of cruelty and ignorance, but who is to blame? Can one still blame the Spaniards for considering people of a darker skin tone –Black? Can we blame the Europeans for perpetuating their hatred and ignorance of superiority over a race of people to the point they felt it lawful to define and dehumanize them? Or does the blame lie with the African-American race as we use this degrading labeling on our own kind, thus becoming the victimizer. Either way nigger or nigga are words that should be eliminated from the vocabulary of every human being.
...hich inherited traits, such as those for genetic disease, can be tracked over generations. Throughout out the course of human development, scientists will continue to find new new ways to help the human race through the discovery of the human gene inside of each of us, its uses, as well as complications, that can help the survival of our species.
The N word has also been used to cause offense even to the non-black racial groups, for instance Jews have been called the white niggers; Arabs have been called the sand niggers and Japanese have also been called the yellow niggers. Back then the American country was dived into two halves meaning to say the whites were on top of the chain and the blacks were on the ve...
Massive amounts of people find it hard to believe that the “N” word is harmless. Little that they know, it inflicts a great deal of mental damage to the victim. Like when Mrs. Dubose stated to Scout, “Your father’s no better than the niggers and trash he works for!” (Lee 135).
I have not used the N-word since February 25, 2015. Reflecting back to the first time I had ever heard that derogatory word, I distinctly remember we were living in Long Island, New York, and on this specific day my father and I, driving down a very busy street in an old pick-up truck, while turning into our local Home Depot my father made a very wide turn causing a white lady to miss her turn. She screamed out the window, "You dumb ass nigger". At that time I didn't grasp the meaning of that putrid word, but it didn’t take me much longer to realize the force and hatred behind it.
Genetic engineering has been around for many years and is widely used all over the planet. Many people don’t realize that genetic engineering is part of their daily lives and diet. Today, almost 70 percent of processed foods from a grocery store were genetically engineered. Genetic engineering can be in plants, foods, animals, and even humans. Although debates about genetic engineering still exist, many people have accepted due to the health benefits of gene therapy. The lack of knowledge has always tricked people because they only focused on the negative perspective of genetic engineering and not the positive perspective. In this paper, I will be talking about how Genetic engineering is connected to Brave New World, how the history of genetic engineering impacts the world, how genetic engineering works, how people opinions are influenced, how the side effects can be devastating, how the genetic engineering can be beneficial for the society and also how the ethical issues affect people’s perspective.
To acknowledge inequality without acknowledging the inequality as a result of gender it is simply irresponsible. Gender plays a clear role in inequality, with women being treated worse than men in a variety of aspects including wages, family life, education, and occupations. Though the gap between men and women has steadily decreased, there is still a clear difference. The importance of gender, the existence of a "glass ceiling," the evidence of a "second shift," and gendering of occupations all point to the existence of gender gap. The importance of gender within society starts from birth, with everyone asking whether a newborn is a girl or boy, and the expectation to dress a child in "appropriate" clothing based on their assigned gender.
Blacks considered the N-word to be one of if not the the absolute worst and most offensive word throughout history. Why should that suddenly change because the last two letters are changed to an a? The meaning and history of the word is something of which many members of the younger generation are completely oblivious. Why should this dehumanizing, demeaning word be used freely in songs and everyday speech? In the words of Martin Luther King Jr: “We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal.” If all men are created equal, then why should blacks be discriminated against in everyday language and in popular songs?
Victimology can be defined as the claim that a person or a group of people undergo problems, due to victimization. This could be any sort of crime or discrimination against race, sex, gender and even income. Since social media is a transparent source of voicing everybody’s opinion, victimology has become stronger over the past years. Everyone claims to be a victim of some element of society. For example, racial victimology has spiked up ever since the shooting incident of Fergusson, Missouri. Social media has exaggerated the extent of racism involved in this incident. There have been so many opinions and thoughts shared about this story, that it is impossible to access the real incident underneath all these layers. People have been sharing posts and articles about similar racial discrimination ever since, where white
Gender inequality is often a broad, abstract, and vague idea. This is one of the great puzzles of modern society and explaining gender inequality has proven to be a challenging task to say the least. After all the years spend on this subject, we have not been able to discover why the blooming of equality has failed. While some argue that it was wrong to ever challenge the practices that oppress women, others add that the mistake was to believe that women and men are inherently the same and we are simply collecting the inescapable sequence of nature. How much true is in these arguments? Could there be another answer?
The word nigger is an offensive term used by a white slave owner during the 1800’s. It is used in the beginning of a slaves name to indicate that this person is a slave. It comes from the Spanish word negro and the French word nègre. It is one of the most offensive and controversial words in the English language. With this word comes many years of immoral and unethical treatment of the black man by the white race. This word is used in the book Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain. One of the 60 minutes videos is on the controversy on the N-word in the book Huck Finn. Stating that many different school districts have banned this book because of the word “nigger,” a word so offensive it’s usually called the “N- word.”
There are laws that prohibit any type of segregation in the United States of America. We have in office today the very first African American president, President Barack Obama. The culture is now more politically correct on what is acceptable and what isn 't. There is a scene in the 2005 remake of The Longest Yard that includes Guard Dunham ( Stone Cold Steve Austin) and prisoner Megget (Nelly). The "N" word was used towards this prisoner a few times, but this was the only time in the movie it was used. This is obviously not okay, but compared to the 1970 's film, this was a huge change. The use of that hateful word helped the director portray the guards as villains in the film. The 2005 remake did not separate the white and black inmates in the prison like they did in the 1974 original. Although director Peter Segal did use the disrespectful word in modern day, he used it moderately. Segal did not use it so freely like the original film because today 's culture would not tolerate it. It could have jeopardized the quality of the film in the view of modern day
Hate Crime in the United States of America THESIS: In this research paper, information will be given on hate crime in the United States of America. It’s best to know about these types of crimes before it’s too late because it’s rarely reported or spoken about but does occur on regular bases. Hate crime didn't come about until the early 1980's. It's sad how these types of crimes still occur so many years later; there are innocent people who are attacked simply because of their race, religion or sexual orientation. Based on the articles, hate crime in the USA is very common and the chances to be a victim are high enough. Hate crimes are ignorant and pointless, they need to be stopped.Done to many different people in many different waysHate crimes are biased motivated, they're based on ethnicity, gender, language, nationality, physical appearance and sexual orientation. Hate crimes have various ways of being committed. They can be done either by physically assaulting another individual, doing damage to their property, bullying them, harassing them, verbal abusing or insulting someone. Hate crimes occur because of people who are prejudice and ignorant who can’t understand that there are differences among people. A victim of hate crime is more than likely to be attacked by another individual because of their race. The most common type of hate crimes that are committed is racially motivated. While gay people are also attacked often also, hate crimes based on sexual orientation come in second. In 2012 and 2013 there were 42,236 reported hate crimes. 85% were race hate crimes, 10% were sexual orientation, 4% were disability and religion hate crimes and 1% transgender. The FBI has found that most hate crime offenders are white at 70%...
What if your future child could be engineered to avoid the risk of cancer that runs in your family? What if your fetus' DNA could vaccinate her against Herpes or AIDS? Would you be willing to take the chance to help your child?
middle of paper ... ... Works Cited Berger, K. S. (2010). The 'Secondary'. Invitation to Life Span (Second Edition).