The genre of dialect dictionaries ranges considerably: from mere word-lists
meant to bridge the gap between local variation and an exalted standard
language, to rich compendia containing not just lexical equivalencies, but a
hoard of linguistic and anthropological knowledge to be examined
perpetually–as exemplified in the Slavic-speaking world by V. I. Dal’s opus
vitć, the Tolkovyj slovar’ živogo velikorusskago jazyka, first published in
the 1860s. On this continuum, Francek Mukič’s Porabsko knjižnoslovensko-
madžarski slovar (henceforth PKMS) lies somewhat closer to the latter than
to the former, despite the author’s modest statement that the compilation is
intended primarily for “everyday practicality, readability, and
comprehensibility, in short, usefulness, even for the linguistically less-
educated native Slovene speaker from the Rába Valley” (iii). Mukič’s
reasons for the work are practical and timely, given that the Rába-Valley
dialect—the subdialect of Prekmurje Slovene that remained in Hungary
after the 1920 Trianon partition—teeters on the brink of language death,
both owing to demo-graphic attrition as well as the everyday dominance of
standard Hungarian rather than standard Slovene (henceforth SSl). As
Mukič points out, Rába-Valley speakers are more likely to code-switch into
Hungarian than SSl when they lack vocabulary for a given topic (iii). In the
years since the (de)parting of the Iron Curtain, which effectively separated
Rába-Valley Slovenes from their nearest linguistic relatives in Slovenia,
Rába-Valley Slovene (henceforth RVS) has become more frequently
elevated as a standard language in its own right, as reflected in texts
published on the Internet (for example, one may read the Porab...
... middle of paper ...
..., the value of PKMS as a
repository of cultural and linguistic knowledge will remain.
Marc L. Greenberg, University of Kansas
Works Cited
Novak, Vilko. 2006. Slovar stare knjižne prekmurščine. Ljubljana: ZRC
SAZU.
Pável, Ágost. 1909. A vashidegkúti szlovén nyelvjárás hangtana (=
Magyarországi szláv nyelvjárások, 1. füzet), Budapest: A
Magyar Tudományos Akadémia.
Schallert, Joseph and Marc L. Greenberg (forthcoming 2007). The
Prehistory and Areal Distribution of Slavic *gъlčěti ‘Speak’.
Slovenski jezik/Slovene Linguistic Studies 6: 68 pp.
Vratuša, Anton. 1966. Jezikovne razmere v severnem Prekmurje in
slovenskem Porabju. F. Zadravec, ed., Panonski zbornik: 20–30.
Murska Sobota: Pomurska založba.
Francek Mukič. Porabsko knjižnoslovensko-madžarski slovar.
Szombathely: Zveza Slovencev na Madžarskem, 2005. VI + 445
pp. (hardcover). ISBN: 963-217-762-2.
Écrit par Nicolas Dickner, le roman Nikolski est une histoire de trois étrangers inconsciemment liées qui tentent de comprendre leurs identités basées sur des fragments de l'histoire de la famille et de la légende. Bien que Nikolski ait de nombreux thèmes, le voyage est un thème le plus important abordé dans le roman, marquant un changement entre les générations. Il est pertinent donc d’examiner la question suivante : est-ce que Nicolas Dickner présente le voyage sous un jour positif dans son roman Nikolski? Nous répondrons à cette question en deux points. Premièrement nous examinerons les conditions de vie de Joyce chez ses membres de familles avant son arrivée à Montréal. Deuxièmement nous aborderons les effets importants que le voyage a eus sur la vie de Noah.
By Micheal Patrick MacDonald. (Ballentine Books under The Random House Publishing Corporation, 1999, 266pp. $14.00)
Weschler, Lawrence. “Vermeer in Bosnia”. Occasions for Writing: Evidence, Idea, Essay. Boston, MA: Thomson Heinle, 2008. 778-785. Print.
How do you characterize a country, the people who occupy the land, their livelihood and who they are as a group? Culture is the answer that can illustrate a country with millions of people. Culture is the culmination of social interactions in a certain region, terrain, religious beliefs, and society as a whole. Russia is a nation that has been molded and formed by their culture, for better or worse. Russia is described through its vast history, population, politics and events that have molded Moscow’s attributes.
Croatia is a country with a lot of history and in order to make an adequate decision for our company we must first take a quick look at the recent history. Croatia has been in a hotspot for turmoil in the last hundred years. Consumed by wars, civil unrest, and political havoc. Heading into the 1900s Croatia did not even exist as it was officially part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. After the fall of the empire it join the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes becoming Yugoslavia. Yugoslavia was ran on a royal dictatorship till it became the Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia in 1945. The socialist party stayed in power till the 1970s when protests broke out demanding more freedom for the people and in 1990 the dream was realized when the country
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Split the second biggest city in Croatia,is one of the beautiful cities in the world, known for its great balance between tradition and modernity. The cities most renown and unique features include the coastal mountains, ancient walls and the Adriatic waters. The city hosts the largest ferry port since it is a point on the transit routes towards other islands in Croatia. The city contains narrow streets where tourists like to stroll and catch a glimpse of their hidden treasures. Built using historical and contemporary designs are the small restaurants, galleries and boutiques. Built as a combination of a military camp, a luxury villa and a summer house, is the Diocletian Place, a great preservation of the Roman architecture. The city is popular music especially during the cultural musical festivals held in the summers.
Historical conflicts such as 9/11 are often memorialised by the literature that is composed in the aftermath of such disasters. The poem, ‘Photograph from September 11’, composed by Polish Nobel Laureate Wisława Szymborska exists as a poignant reminder of the harrowing events that transpired on the 11th of September, 2001. In particular, Szymborska’s poem grapples with a confronting and often overlooked reality of 9/11; the reality of the estimated 200 ‘jumpers’ or ‘fallers’ who were captured falling from the twin towers of the World Trade Centre. This is evident, immediately, in the first stanza where Szymborska writes bluntly “They jumped from the burning floors—”. According to Luger, poems generate and provide meaning to the memory of 9/11 in their subject, their vocabulary, their imagery and their voices (Luger, 2011, p.4). In this regard, the aim of this critical analysis will be to examine Szymborska’s rhetorical situation and the rhetorical devices and appeals that she has employed to achieve her purpose.
What do we know about other cultures, does our knowledge extend to what we have seen in the movies? Are the majority of Russians burly commandos who consume a large quantity of vodka to keep warm in the Russian weather and dream about the day that the KGB and Stalin return? If you believe what you see in the movies, this could be the picture that comes to mind when thinking about Russia and their culture. Though if you are in pursuit of an accurate cultural awareness, there are many tools to help you reach this. Russia is a unique culture with different customs, language, politics, historical value, terrain, and weather. With its vast expanse
Din ve bilim arasındaki ilişki Antik Yunan zamanından beri tartışılan bir konudur. Son yıllarda bu konu hakkında filozoflar, düşünürler, ilahiyat profesörleri ve bilim adamları birçok görüş ileri sunmuştur fakat bu görüşler genellikle bu olaya tek bir açıdan bakmaktadır. Bunun sorunun kaynağı çalışmaları yapan insanların olaya sadece kendi çerçevelerinden bakmasıdır, örneğin bir bilim adamı kendi görüşünü kanıtlamaya çalışırken sadece somut kanıtlara bakarken, bir din bilimci daha çok ruhani ve felsefi yönden bakmaktadır eldeki konuya. Din ve bilimin aslında asıl amacı aynıdır ve bu amaç insanoğluna evrenle ilgili bilgi vermek ve bu konudaki bilgi açlıklarını gidermektir fakat bu yolda din ve bilim tamamen farklı yöntemler kullanır. Din daha çok inanç gücünden faydalanırken, bilim ise daha çok mantık ve somut kanıtları kullanır. Fakat din aslında bilimin gelişmesinde büyük bir rol oynamıştır, karanlık çağlarda ki Katolik din adamlarının dini kısıtlamasına karşın, bilimsel devrimden(1543) önce yapılan bilimsel çalışmaların büyük bir çoğunluğu İslam dinine mensup olan bilginler tarafından tetiklenmiştir. Sonra Rönesans çağı başlamıştır ve Katolik kilisesinin skolâstik düşüncesi altından çıkan halk bilime daha sıkı sarılmış ve Hıristiyan âlemi de bilimi benimsemiştir. Aynı zamanda Hinduizm ve Budizm gibi dinlerde dinleri içinde mantık, deneyselliği ve kanıt aramayı benimseyip tam olmasa da insanlığa evrenle ilgili ışık tuttuklarını söylemişlerdir.
Ramet, Sabrina P. Balkan Babel: The Disintegration of Yugoslavia from the Death of Tito to the Fall of Milošević. Boulder, CO: Westview, 2002. Web. 2 Apr. 2014.
When we hear the term Russian culture many Americans tend to have negative thoughts like the cold war, their government ruling with an iron hand, and the Red Scare. These thoughts do not do the justice to the Russian people or to their long history as a people dating back to INSERT DATE. One of the major themes throughout Russian history and this course is the idea that the Russian people value intangible things more than the tangible. The Russian people have a long rich heritage, they are deep in there Christian faith, and they pride themselves on hospitality and value there community, families, and fellow Russian people. They have learned how to sacrifice from the constant invasions and being forced farther and farther into the cold artic forests. They have worshiped, respected, and revered Mother Earth. However, most importantly the Russians stayed true to themselves and have let their culture survive and even thrive during even the most difficult points in their history. They have kept their beliefs, and have continually been making beautiful works of art and music. To Americans and the western world these things may not seem all that important but to Russia and her people these beliefs are everything.
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