What´s Dementia

Dementia is the loss of brain function. It affects retention, judgment and behavior and the most familiar form of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the pathophysiological process of neurodegenerative disorder that begins well before the diagnosis of dementia. AD is defined by the ongoing, widespread loss of synapses, neurons and neuropil, culminating in about forty percent loss of brain mass. The two main trademarks of AD are amyloid senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) (Dorval, 2013). The amyloid plaques comprised of grouped amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides that are produced presenilin (PSEN)-comprising γ-secretase complex and by chronological cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-secretase/BACE1. The NFTs are a result of tau, the abnormal aggregation of hyperphosphorlyated microtubule-associated protein (Dorval, 2013).

MicroRNA is made up of twenty-two nucleotides, RNA molecules attach to the transcripts of protein-coding sequence. MircoRNA’s purpose is to express post-transcriptional oppression and maintain essential physiological and path physiological signaling paths.

In recent studies, there is a link for atypical expression of mircoRNA and the neurodegenerative disease known as Alzheimer’s (Cheng, 2013). There is no known cure for AD, but through scientific research miRNA is used as a biomarker for AD. Biomarkers are used as indicators to measure the progression of a disease. MiRNA are good biomarkers because they remain stable in different body fluids, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), urine, and plasma. They are transported in free forms, exosomes, liposomes, or high-density lipoproteins that protect from degradation (Dorval, 2013).

Also, through alte...

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...ar miRNAs, have come a long way in the past two decades. As discussed herein, circulating miRNAs provide an thrilling and budding research area in the biomarker field. As of now, long lists of miRNAs potentially misregulated in disease conditions have been reported, although finding overlaps is challenging (Dorval ,2013) .

An intelligent therapeutic approach could thus be to deliberate the use of drugs or drug blends that contain numerous pathogenic goals. These effects contain the implementation of novel drug delivery methods. As a vital period to accomplish this objective presently need to comprehend the position of brain chromatin-mediated transcription apparatus in AD and how these contrast with normally aging brain, to better comprehend features of other correlated epigenetic devices on precise miRNA recognition, creation, and signaling pathways (Lukiw, 2013).