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Existentialist theology
Merit and demerit of existentialism
Existentialist theology
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Religion in existentialism took up a massive role, the exploration of individual existence began to make people doubt the existence of spiritual figures, for a famous example, God; although not all existentialists are anti-god, but in The Antichrist, a philosophical criticism of Christianity written by German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche criticized the foolishness of Christians believing in something that doesn’t exist in his own view.
The frustration of this urge, Nietzsche saw, is responsible for the existence of various moral systems and religious institutions. Nietzsche was particularly hostile to Christianity, which he famously calls a “slave morality”. In it he saw the resentment of the weak towards the strong.
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We have grown weary of man. Nietzsche wants something better, to believe in human ability once again. Nietzsche’s weariness is based almost entirely in the culmination of ressentiment, the dissolution of Nietzsche’s concept of morality and the prevailing priestly morality. Nietzsche wants to move beyond simple concepts of good and evil, abandon the assessment of individuals through ressentiment, and restore men to their former wonderful ability.
The term existentialist, according to Sartre, means existence precedes essence. This means that an individual first exists, and then they exercise free will over themselves to do things that define themselves, thus their essence. For this ideology to work for Sartre, an atheistic stance needs to be taken. This is so because of how he defines God. God is compared to an artisan producing a knife, through a definition and a formula. Thus, “when God creates he knows precisely what he is creating.” Under this identification of God, that Sartre dictates is a common implication in philosophical writings, God creates with intent and seemingly, purpose. Hence, God
However, Nietzsche’s idea of the powerful forcing their will on common people resonates with me. It is something we see in our modern society, wealthy people seem to have a higher influence over the average American. Examples of powerful people controlling others are found in politics, economy, media, and religion. Common people are lead to think in certain ways that the powerful need them to. Nietzsche said that people will only be equal as long as they are equal in force and talent, people who have a higher social group are more influential in decisions because average people look to them for information. The thing I do not agree with Nietzsche on his view as Christianity as a weakness because religion is a main cause of people’s decision
...13-60)." In Existentialism : A guide for the perplexed, by Steven Earnshaw. New York: Continuum Internationa Publishing Group, 2006.
...is exercise would help them to identify the values they wish to live by, and then allow them to apply those values to their past through revaluation, and to their future by the will to power. In a new age of modernistic Godlessness, Nietzsche’s parable offers one of many methods of achieving secular redemption once the religious idea of redemption loses its validity.
Does Existentialism deny the existence of God? Can God possibly exist in a world full of madness and injustice? Albert Camus and Samuel Beckett address these questions in The Plague and Waiting for Godot. Though their thinking follows the ideals of existentialism, their conclusions are different.
Others still have pity for the poor and needy etc. Nietzsche dislikes religion especially Christianity because it encourages and promotes slave morality. Nietzsche says that we should be striving towards master morality, but Christianity has the completely opposite values to those of the master morality. For example, religion wants us to be like slaves and give things up instead of trying to be great. He talks about a slave revolt in morality, which leads to the dominance of slave values over master values.
Nietzsche’s bold belief in God’s death grew out of his firm resolution that Christianity was a negative force. Christianity’s stress on the virtue of such things as meekness and poverty did not inspire people to better themselves; it simply made laziness and lack-of-progress appear to be acceptable if not recommended (De Botton 237). In addition to harmfully encouraging mediocrity, Christianity (according to Nietzsche) dangerously denied the importance of the individual by proposing predefined paths to supposed greatness. Christianity, therefore, robbed humanity of the personal vitality of living. According to Nietzsche’s belief in the neces...
One popular interpretation of Waiting for Godot relates it to the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, as related in the New Testiment. There are significant "clues" and "evidence" to make this connection, and as the main tenant of the Existentialist movement, which grew out and of WWII experiences of not only Beckett, but all the other great Existentialists, Camus, Sartre, and Ianesco. It also developed using the writings of Hegal, Schopenhaur, and Nitchze. The main philosophy of Existentialism can be summed up in one statement - "How can one reconcile one's existence with a world devoid of order, norms, or divine guidance." Thus, there is an implied aspect of religion and the questioning there of in any Existential piece, as this is a facet of human society that helps us deal with the Existential Dilemma.
To accept that existence precedes essence one would have to come to the conclusion that there is no innate human nature and therefore no god to conceive it (Sartre, p.207). For many western philosophies and monotheistic religions this proves to be problem and they dispute existentialism in that respect.
God is the almighty, the creator of everything and without him there would be no world and no us. But many people seem to question if He really exist. In the world there are many streams of philosophy that have argued the existence of God, Platonism, naturalism, Aristotelianism, realism, empiricism, and rationalism they have even tried to convince nonbelievers about the defensibility and validity of God. But regardless of the findings it has always been an individual’s choice of what to believe and who to believe in.
In Existentialism and Humanism (1946), Sartre states that "if God does not exist there is at least one being whose existence comes before its essence, a being which exists before it can be defined by any conception of it.
The Trial and Nausea Webster's Dictionary defines Existentialism as a "philosophic doctrine of beliefs that people have absolute freedom of choice and that the universe is absurd, with an emphasis on the phenomena of anxiety and alienation." As Existentialism was coming to the foreground of the philosophical world during the 1940's, a group of Existentialist philosophers became well-known public figures in America. Their philosophies were commonly discussed in magazines, and their concepts of man's ultimate freedom of choice were quite intriguing to readers.
Friedrich Nietzsche’s, “God is dead” idea is not exactly what is sounds, or appears to be at first. Although it may seem to be a very “antichrist”, or a “anti religious” statement it actually pertains to the dependency our society has on religion, and “how the idea of God has lost it’s full creative force, its full power”(5). The main argument that Friedrich Nietzsche has with this idea is that ...
Since the beginning of humankind, there has been a need for God, a longing for significance in the world, a desire for meaning. In a world full of injustices, where every day one must face hardships and carry burdens, must worry and fear; there has been a desperate search for peace, hope, and the promise that life is worthwhile. The need for something greater to exist has been a part of man since his creation, and is still present now. This is evident throughout the entire world. All people everywhere, those living and those already dead, have at some time felt the overwhelming feeling that there is something else out there. For some, that may just have been a passing curiosity, a question wondered in the grogginess before sleep. But for others, it has