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Role of justice in society
Influence of salem witch trials
Influence of salem witch trials
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Recommended: Role of justice in society
“Justice cannot be for one side alone, but must be for both” (Roosevelt). The goal of America’s legal system as we know it is that everyone is given an equal opportunity to stick up for what they may or may not have done, as described by former first lady Eleanor Roosevelt. Even though this is what officials strive for, it is not always the case. Facts can be skewed, distorted, or misrepresented to make one side seem to be guilty without a doubt and to make the other side seem as if they have done nothing wrong. The Crucible by Arthur Miller begins and ends with one-sided accusations of witchcraft. It all results from a group of girls who had been dancing in the woods. After two fall sick, the accusations begin. The girls who were dancing, …show more content…
Elizabeth shows this when she decides to lie about John cheating on her. She calls her husband “a goodly man” and when Danforth asks if John is a lecher she simply responds “No, sir” (Miller 1312). This is a lie, but Elizabeth believes that it is the right thing to do. In her mind, John should not be punished for this because she has already forgiven him. By lying and saying that he did not cheat on her, Elizabeth believes that she is doing the right thing and preventing any harm from coming John’s way. Sadly, this approach does not help and despite Elizabeth’s best efforts, John is still punished by the court. This theme is also seen when John stands up against Abby and the witchcraft-conspiracy. Hale is the first to ask John if he believes in witches. John responds by saying “I cannot believe they come among us now” (Miller 1279). He later takes his ideas to the court where he tells the judges that there are no witches in Salem and that the girls are pretending. He truly has the best intentions in doing this. He wants to help his wife and any others who have been thrown in jail because of a story made up by the girls. He does not place himself first, just others and what he believes in. It angers him that so many people are being hurt because of a mound of vicious lies. He tries his best to give all of the accused a voice that they never got before. …show more content…
Primarily, someone accused of witchcraft has two choices: blame someone else or be honest but suffer the consequences. John Procter is frustrated that this is the way his society is functioning: “Why do you never wonder if Parris be innocent, or Abigail? Is the accuser always holy now?” (Miller 1283). Those who accuse another of witchcraft virtually have their slate cleaned. The spotlight leaves them and points at the individual they had accused. People catch on to this almost immediately, and the people who feel the guiltiest or are the most scared tend to blame others to get out of their situation. Based solely off of morals, the better option would be to accept one’s fate or try and prove the accusations are incorrect. This would put an end to people being wrongly accused, which would hopefully bring an end to the witch-hunt. Unfortunately, this tactic does not work because the court does not believe a word that comes out of a so-called witch’s mouth. Unfairness reaches a peak when those who lie are set free, and those who are honest are executed. Finally, injustices are unable to be solved because of the court’s reluctance to stop executions. When Reverend Hale asks Danforth to pardon some of the people on trial, Danforth replies, “I cannot pardon these when twelve are already hanged for the same crime. It is not just” (Miller 1324). Danforth is convinced that by pardoning
I believe that Abigail Williams is to blame for turning the town of Salem against many people, and I think it is her fault that several people were killed. Abigail Williams sends the town into a state of hysteria by accusing men and women of practicing the satanic art of witchcraft. Abigail’s flaws - her lustful desire for John Proctor, her deceptive habit of lying in order to retain her good name in the town, and her selfishness and obsessive aspiration for power – led her to be ultimately responsible for the catastrophe of the witch hunt in Salem.
Most of the accusations were made against innocent people for reasons of economic conditions, teenage boredom, and personal jealousies. Of course there was also the fact that people weren’t aware of the certain mental illnesses caused by their environment. For example the one of the first people to be accused of witchcraft was a young girl named Betty Paris who one day became very ill with convulsive erogtism. Ergot is a fungus that invades growing kernels of rye, so it is very likely that she got sick from simply eating bread. Since people were scientifically unable to explain her sudden seizures and hallucinations she was accused of witchcraft.
The people of this time, believe in witchcraft, and if you are apart of it, you must confess and redeem yourself or be hanged for your crimes. The girls use the ‘confession’ as a way out of casting charms in the forest, and then shout random names to shift the blame off of them. This becomes a good advantage for the girls. During the play, we notice that anyone who opposes the court and testifies against it, is soon labeled as the enemy of God and must be a servant of the Devil. Giles Corey and John Proctor happened to be two of the many associated with designation. The authorities felt the need to ‘purify’ the village, and therefor hang anyone connected to such crimes. Religion was such a major role in this time frame, and because of various viewpoints, several have died.
Fatal flaws are personality imperfections found within characters. Tragedy was a common occurrence in The Crucible. Many of these great tragedies happening in The Crucible, were a result of a tragic flaw or flaws like lust and pride embodied by John Proctor during the play.These flaws could also be seen as noble qualities at times, and play a crucial part in his downfall and death.
When Reverend Hale has come to inquire at the Proctor house, John defends Rebecca Nurse by exclaiming, "It's hard to think so pious a woman may be secretly the Devil's bitch after seventy years of such good prayer" (1276). This quote really stands out because how proctor describes his wife as being "Pious", to be piety is a desire and willingness to perform religious duties. When proctor said this to Hale it woke him up and that is when he realized that Abigails acusations were fake, at this point and time of the story Hale is starting to believe that Abigail Williams acusations are not one hundred percent true.
Many of the characters in Arthur Miller's The Crucible have specific human flaws that cause the tragedy of the Salem Witch Trials. The Salem villagers exhibit failings, including greed, vengeance, and fear, which eventually lead to the downfall of their town. Many villagers, especially Abigail Williams, take advantage of the opportunity to seek vengeance on others through the trials. Greed for power and land often holds precedence when the hysteria takes over. Fear of being arrested or put to death is the key motivation in turning others in as witches. From these three human flaws, the town of Salem falls into chaos with many innocent people paying the price.
Since everyone was on the lookout for witches and knew the punishment, no one wanted to be accused. An example from the play would be when Abigail says, “I want to open myself! I want the light of God, I want the sweet love of Jesus! I danced for the Devil; I saw him; I wrote in his book; I go back to Jesus; I kiss His hand. I saw Sarah Good with the Devil! I saw Goody Osburn with the Devil! I saw Bridget Bishop with the Devil” (Miller 50) !! This quote portrays the fear and hysteria affecting the behavior of the children and alters their decisions to confess. Accusations played a major role in The Crucible in attempts to take the attention away from themselves. These accusations put a damper on finding the main roots of the problem; finding out the residents involvements with the
One day, the daughters of the priest started to act strange. Actually, they weren’t acting a little strange, they were throwing fits everywhere. They screamed, fell, twisted their body to uncomfortable positions, and they hurt themselves. In 1692, the only reasonable explanation was that specters were hurting them. Specters can be initiated by witches, and that means that there are witches in this village. Before long, more girls from the age of 6-20 were being attacked by specters. People were worried. At last, they concluded that there are witches in their society, and they were strong-willed to find the witches.
As the adolescents wail in their pretentious horror of a fictional bird, Proctor slowly realizes the conformation that Satan has entered Salem. Arthur Miller’s tragic allegory, The Crucible, shows the destruction of sinister Salem in 1692. The protagonist, John Proctor, a damnable farmer, has a lecherous affair with the antagonist, Abigail Williams, an ignorant and covetous juvenile. Satan mixes their interior motives to manufacture a catastrophic concoction. The ingredients of destruction consist of selfishness, immaturity, and corruption. The voracious desires of the natives of Salem lead to their evil and self-indulged intentions.
The Crucible was a rather strong book, it had battles both internal and external, there were also betrayals and vendettas… but a few stuck strong to their morals of what was wrong, and what was right. After the girl’s acts were, undoubtedly, in the eyes of the law, seen as entirely real, people who would not otherwise have been accused of witchcraft were now eligible to be under Satan’s spell. One John Proctor, saw himself above the nonsense, that witches could not exist in Salem, his wife, his children nor him; But, when Mary Warren said to the court that he used his spirit to drag her into court to testify against the girls, the judges deemed her word more truthful than his. After actively and repeatedly denying the claims, he was sentenced to death, for only a witch could lie in the face of god.
In Arthur Miller’s contemporary play, The Crucible, many abandon logic in face of tumultuous time. A group of people who claim they practiced witchcraft accuse many others of the same crime. Difficulty exists in maintaining a fair trial for the accused, due to the hardship of proving innocence and ulterior motives of the court. Many use fallacious arguments to protect themselves, such as circular reasoning. In her trial, Martha Corey bases her innocence on knowing “not what a witch is” and defends her statement that if she practices witchcraft “I would know it” (Miller 83-84). Martha can only use a fallacious argument in her defence, as hard evidence for the invisible crime of witchcraft does not exist. Martha’s trial and several others
In the Crucible, persecution exists between friends and enemies in the play. The girls could falsely accuse the people they hate for practicing witchcraft so that they are persecuted. In addition, friends whose friendship had ended also accused their former friends of witchcraft. An example is Abigail who persecutes not just her enemies but her friends and family too. She accuses Mary Warren of bewitching her when she admitted her lies to the other girls.
John Proctor is, at first, willing to offer up a false confession that his life may be spared. Inevitably, John Proctor possesses that fateful attribute known to fall fatal to many human beings - pride. While he has, indeed, been ashamed of his many sins throughout his life, Proctor's soul still clings to his pride and his good name, however soiled it may have become. On the morning scheduled for his execution, Proctor wrestles with the realization that one more sin so heaped upon the rest in his life will make precious little difference in the end; "I cannot mount the gibbet like a saint. It is a fraud. I am not that man.... My honesty is broke... I am no good man. Nothing's spoiled by giving them this lie." (126) He attempts to calm his pride by telling himself that the other accused witches who will not give false testimony to save themselves from the gallows have every right to do so; they led lives free of blame. He, however, he tells himself, did no such thing; what right has he to hang among the righteous? "Let them that never lied die now to keep their souls. It is pretense for me, a vanity that will nor blind God nor keep my children out of the wind." (126) Thus the conviction first reached by John Proctor is to save his life rather than to throw it away in mock martyrdom.
The play is filled with characters that make false accusations in order to gain what they want and to evade punishment, or worse, death. The theme of escape is quite evident from the start when Abigail Williams, Reverend Parris’ niece, and the other girls begin accusing women in the village of dealing with the Devil. Back then, the people of Salem were highly religious people and condemned anyone who isn’t with the church or with God. So why would the girls shout out false accusations? Well, prior to the accusations the girls were discovered by Reverend Parris in the woods the night before, just fooling around and casting “spells” for fun. But the following day, two of the girls, including Betty, Parris’ daughter, would not wake up from their sleep. The adults were all concerned and confused and some claimed that it was the Devil’s work, and so a professional, Reverend Hale was brought in for investigation. Fearing that one of the girls will confess to what happened in the woods, Abigail falsely admits that she did deal with the Devil and starts accusing villagers, crying out, “I want to open myself!” and “I saw Sarah Good with the Devil! I saw Goody Osburn with the Devil! I saw Bridget Bishop with the Devil!”(Miller 1.48). The other girls present follow her lead, all fearing the consequences they would have to face for fooling around in the woods, and thus escaping punishment. Furthermore, more examples of escaping is seen by many of the accused witches. If the accused witches do not confess to witchcraft they are automatically hanged, but if they confess their lives will be spared. Many of the accused confess so that they may escape from death and live, people like Tituba in Act 1 page 45 when she admits,, “ I don’t know sir, but the Devil got him numerous witches.” (Miller 1.45), further amplifying the lie. But lying is a sin that God
In Salem, during the times of the Salem witch trials, the church and the people were very close. This is what led to the hysteria and chaos which was the Salem witch trials. It also led to many conflicts between the characters in this book, because anyone who was against the church was considered a criminal. Some of these conflicts were between; Abigail and the other children, Danforth and the town folk, and John Proctor with himself and his wife.