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Essay on human rights protection
Essay on human rights protection
Essay on human rights protection
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Protection of human rights, especially in regard to vulnerable populations, is critical in research studies. Identify one vulnerable group and describe a study in which the group participated. How were their rights protected? Vulnerable groups include children, disabled people, terminally ill, and pregnant women (Polit & Beck, 2014, pp. 90-91). According to Polit and Beck, pregnant women are considered vulnerable because not only are they are at increased risk for physical and psychological abuse or harm, but also the fetus is vulnerable because of its inability to give consent (p.91). In the study published in The American Journal of Psychiatry, the pregnant women in the study were not exposed any additional risks (Kelly, Zatzick, & Anders,
Today postpartum psychosis is known to be a serious psychiatric crisis that affects one to two women per thousand in the first few weeks following childbirth. Women tend to experience visual, aural, and olfactory delusions and hallucinations that enables a risk of self-harm,
Psychopharmacology Bulletin. 30 (1): 27-38. Jacobson, S.J., Jones, K., Ceolin, L., Kaur, P., Sahn, D., Donnerfeld, A.E., Rieder, M., Santelli, R., Smythe, J., Patuszuk, A., Einarson, T., and Koren, G., (1992). Prospective multicenter study of pregnancy outcomes after lithium exposure during the first trimester. Laricet.
Postpartum depression is indeed a major psychological disorder that can affect the relationship between mother and baby. At this time, the cause of postpartum depression is unidentified, although several factors experienced during pregnancy can contribute to this disorder. Fluctuating hormone levels have been traditionally blamed for the onset of postpartum depression. Jennifer Marie Camp (2013), a registered nurse with a personal history of postpartum depression, states in the Intentional Journal of Childbirth Education that “current research demonstrates that PPD may be a compilation of numerous stressors encountered by the family, including biochemical, genetic, psychosocial factors and everyday life stress” (Camp, 2013, p. 1). A previous history of depression, depression during pregnancy, financial difficulties, a dif...
Markham, J. A., & Koenig, J. I. (2011). Prenatal stress: Role in psychotic and depressive diseases. Psychopharmacology, 214(1), 89-106.
There will always be counter arguments but all are refutable. One may ask: what about rape victims, teenage pregnancy and threats to the mother'...
The method used to study the hypothesis was by having 328 women completed five surveys up to 72 hours postpartum. They were between the ages of 18-42. Out of the group 68.6% were married or living with a partner and 43.3% had a job. The average number of years the women spent in school was 8.8yrs. More than half (59.2%), did not complete high school and only 2% (6) completed higher education. From the group, 19.2% of them had a miscarriage before. More than half (51.5%) had already had a baby before, and 22.1% had a high risk pregnancy. These surveys included the peritraumatic dissociative experience questionnaire (PDEQ), the socio-demographic and obstetrical questionnaire, the pain numeric rating scale, the Trauma History Questionnaire, and the SCID-I for traumatic events. The female participants were recruited from two maternity facilities which were located in Recife, Brazil. Participation for this experiment was voluntary and the participants were informed that if they did not wish to take part in the experiment their future care would not be affected. Out of the women asked to participated 30 refused and 328 took part in the examination. The requirements for women to participate were: 18yrs or older, up to 72 hours postpartum, and the baby was alive at the time of the interview. Women who were under treatment for a psychiatric disorder were excluded. Between July 2010 and November 2010, data was collected.
Levinthal, C.F. (2005). Effects of psychoactive drugs on pregnant women and newborns (Ed.), Drugs, behavior, and modern society (4th ed., pp.45). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
“A review of the medical records of 56,741 California, Medicaid patients, showed that women who had abortions were 2.6 times more likely than delivering women to be hospitalized for psychiatric treatment in the first ninety days following abortion or delivery.” ~ Depression linked to Abortion, see Sources cited, page 5.
People living in poverty, ethnic minorities, the disabled, single mothers, and groups such as transgender and intersex are disproportionately particularly targeted (Ko, 2016). Which makes sense knowing those in power are predominantly white old men that claim forced sterilization is okay in order to save taxpayers welfare money and control population growth. It is argued that marginalized communities suffer from a lack of personal responsibility therefore shouldn’t have children to save them and the government from any more burdens. It is wrong to violate the fundamental constitutional right to reproductive autonomy knowing that all these people suffer from is a lack of support and
There are many reasons why the use of antidepressants during pregnancy is debatable. The number one reason is that antidepressant is considered a luxury medicine. According to Jennifer Payne, MD, director of the Women's Mood Disorders Center at Johns Hopkins, these medicaments should not be taken during pregnancy. The used of this medication can cause potential risks for the healthy development of the unborn baby such as teratogenesis, preterm birth, low birth weight, and pregnancy complications such as spontaneous abortion, and hemorrhage. As well as postnatal effects such as persistent pulmonary hypertension of the baby. The FDA advises the public that the use of common antidepressants, like Prozac and Paxil, late in pregnancy could put a baby at risk for respiratory failure. Many women with this condition faced a difficult decision: continue their medication during pregnancy, putting their child at risk, or compromise their own mental health by going off the medication. “In 2004 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warnings that the use of antidepressants in the last three months of pregnancy may cause serious issues for new born, resulting in longer hospitalization, respiratory support, and tube feeding” (FDA). In
Except for rare circumstances, such as extinction-level events in which the magnitude of hazard is sufficiently large enough to impact all populations in an area with total destruction regardless of preparation, vulnerability is a socially constructed condition (Wisner, et al. 1976; Wisner, et al. 1994; Oliver-Smith 1996; Oliver-Smith & Hoffmann 2002; Bankoff 2003) which exposes individuals to risk, often unequally (Bankoff 2003).
Ethical Issues: - Due to the sensitivity of the study, high ethical standards will be considered- cultural, political, organizational, individual while conducting data collection both primary and secondary, formulating the questionnaires.
Prenatal Infection as a Risk Factor for Schizophrenia creates a roll model for future studies. The idea of only researching schizophrenia was not my intention, however it gives an example that fetuses are exposed to everything while still in the female uterus. The mother is able to pass on more than just her own chromosomes, all that she does and is exposed to while pregnant will affect the child. While the development of a fetus is complicated and it can be compromised easily, I, along with any other future mothers find this to be a topic of interest. Any measure that can be taken to prevent struggles in a child’s life is worth researching.
Emerging from the wave of destruction caused by World War II, millions of Europeans found themselves scattered across the cotenant after liberation. The Manchester Guardian defines many of these scattered individuals as “unfortunates who were brought to Germany as forced labourers, who are now confined to camps and known as displaced persons”. The two leading daily newspapers, The Times and the Manchester Guardian allow insight into what the British public knew about the fate of these displaced persons. The information the two newspapers is paralleled by the information in Keith Lowe’s, Savage Continent: Europe in the Aftermath of World War II. Which offers a modern understanding of the issue of displaced persons. Although similar, the coverage
The changes a woman’s body goes through during a pregnancy can have a huge effect on the mental state of the mother. For example, the stress the woman is faces can lead to many different psychological issues. These problems can have even more significant effects on teen mothers. The mental effects a pregnancy can lead to in a teen include depression, anxiety, a higher risk for postpartum depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. These mental health conditions make the idea of becoming a parent even scarier and more difficult.