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Part A Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Introduction Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells are both found in living thing, they have similarities and differences. This will be discussed further on in the essay. Prokaryotic cells are found in organism like bacteria which are archaebacterial and eubacteria whereas, eukaryotic cell are found in animals and plants. Prokaryotic cells Bacteria are prokaryotes, opposing from eukaryotes in having no membrane-bound nucleus or double- membrane organelles. Bacteria are an ancient group of tiny cellular organism which can be a size from 0.1 to 10 µm; they have colonised the earth for more than 3500 million years (Kent, 2013).
In bacteria, DNA and RNA are floating in the cytoplasm. Bacteria have a cell wall, a cell membrane, flagella, and ribosomes but do not have a nucleus. Viruses are sub-microscopic particle, about 20-300 nanometers. They have two main parts: a capsid which is composed of protein subunits and an inner core of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA. They also have spikes made from a glycoprotein.
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Their cell membranes are made with different material than bacteria. Just like bacteria, archaea are also single cell and are surrounded by a cell wall. Eukaryotes, unlike bacteria and archaea, contain a nucleus. And like bacteria and archaea, eukaryotes have a cell wall. The Gram stain is a system used to characterize bacteria based on the structural characteristics of their cell walls.
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