More handpicked essays just for you.
Pros cons of genetic testing ethically
The pros and cons of genetic testing
The pros and cons of genetic testing
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
As medical fields become larger, the morals every family stands for become weaker. Though most medicines and tests are needed every day, such as antibiotics, pain killers, and MRI’s the line needs to be drawn between the medical field and family morals. Prenatal genetic testing is pushing the moral line farther than ever before. The testing destroys every dream a parent has to be a father or mother. The prenatal genetic test rapidly changes the mindset of being a future parent into being an abortion supporter. As the medical field expands, it is nearly destroying every moral thing we stand for. We need to find the moral line and stand our ground. Prenatal genetic testing is a complicated topic for several families. This procedure is arranged in order to predict the health of …show more content…
I believe that these test mess with parent’s minds, by giving them probable false information. Yet, these test a supposed to be up to 99% accurate. If a test does not give 100% accuracy it is completely useless. Why even have a test that could and will fail as evidence shows, resulting in a probable abortion. I highly doubt you would want an archeologist to say that this bridge is only 99% stable. Mark Bradford’s article about abortion after prenatal diagnosis states, “Down syndrome live births as a percentage of total diagnosed pregnancies was 44%. Fifty-three percent of all pregnancies were aborted following prenatal diagnosis and a small percentage were lost to natural causes.” (Bradford, 2015). Why would you want to take a risky test that has a 53% abortion rate after receiving a result? If 53% of the children die before birth then why does the procedure say it is 99% accurate? A statistic cannot be completed if it is missing a variable, in this case it is missing 53% of the variables. Prenatal genetic testing indicates a parent’s unwillingness to have a child with
Genetic Screening is a medical test that examines ones DNA. It can find mutations in chromosomes, genes, and proteins. These tests can confirm or refute a suspected genetic condition that could become a serious problem for one in the future. They can also help figure out a persons probability of getting certain diseases or sicknesses like cancer or diabetes. ( What is Genetic Testing?, para 1) There is also carrier testing which can be used to see what diseases couples may carry before having children. (What are the benefits of genetic testing? Para 1)
The history of harmful eugenic practices, spurring from the Nazi implementations of discrimination towards biologically inferior people has given eugenics a negative stigma (1,Kitcher, 190). Genetic testing, as Kitcher sees it through a minimalistic perspective, should be restrained to aiding future children with extremely low qualities of life (2,Kitcher, 190). He believes that genetic engineering should only be used to avoid disease and illness serving the role of creating a healthier human race. He promotes laissez-faire eugenics, a “hands off” concept that corresponds to three components of eugenic practice, discrimination, coercion and division of traits. It holds the underlying works of genetic testing, accurate information, open access, and freedom of choice. Laissez-faire eugenics promises to enhance reproductive freedom preventing early child death due to genetic disease (3,Kitcher, 198). However there are dangers in Laissez-faire that Kitcher wants to avoid. The first is the historical tendency of population control, eugenics can go from avoiding suffering, to catering to a set of social values that will cause the practice of genetics to become prejudiced, insensitive and superficial. The second is that prenatal testing will become limited to the upper class, leaving the lower class with fewer options, creating biologically driven social barriers. Furthermore the decay of disability support systems due to prenatal testing can lead to an increased pressure to eliminate those unfit for society (4,Kitcher, 214).
The Human Genome Project is the largest scientific endeavor undertaken since the Manhattan Project, and, as with the Manhattan Project, the completion of the Human Genome Project has brought to surface many moral and ethical issues concerning the use of the knowledge gained from the project. Although genetic tests for certain diseases have been available for 15 years (Ridley, 1999), the completion of the Human Genome Project will certainly lead to an exponential increase in the number of genetic tests available. Therefore, before genetic testing becomes a routine part of a visit to a doctor's office, the two main questions at the heart of the controversy surrounding genetic testing must be addressed: When should genetic testing be used? And who should have access to the results of genetic tests? As I intend to show, genetic tests should only be used for treatable diseases, and individuals should have the freedom to decide who has access to their test results.
Prenatal genetic testing has become one of the largest and most influencial advances in clinical genetics today. "Of the over 4000 genetic traits which have been distinguished to date, more than 300 are identifiable via prenatal genetic testing" (Morris, 1993). Every year, thousands of couples are subjecting their lives to the results of prenatal tests. For some, the information may be a sigh of relief, for others a tear of terror. The psychological effects following a prenatal test can be devastating, leaving the woman with a decision which will affect the rest of her life.
In today’s world, people are learning a great deal in the rapidly growing and developing fields of science and technology. Almost each day, an individual can see or hear about new discoveries and advances in these fields of study. One science that is rapidly progressing is genetic testing; a valuable science that promotes prevention efforts for genetically susceptible people and provides new strategies for disease management. Unnaturally, and morally wrong, genetic testing is a controversial science that manipulates human ethics. Although genetic testing has enormous advantages, the uncertainties of genetic testing will depreciate our quality of life, and thereby result in psychological burden, discrimination, and abortion.
The results can occur ambiguous and not knowing whether or not the child could have abnormalities that can make the results inconclusive.
Would you want to know the health of your child before it is born? That is what Prenatal Testing is for. If you don’t know what it is exactly, you’ll learn as you read through this paper. The two types of prenatal testing are prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis. Both types of testing allow for pregnant women to have a clearer understanding of their child. (Prenatal Diagnosis 2015) New ways of learning about the fetus will most likely become available in the near future because of technology advancing everyday. Even though some people believe miscarriages are a problem with some of the testing that’s done, it’s okay for pregnant women to do prenatal testing to make sure their baby is healthy because there could be possible disorders in the baby, results from the testing can help, and the tests can find cancer in pregnant women.
These tests help people who are living and pregnant. If a fertilized egg is given personhood, then they can no longer do these test because they don’t have the consent of the egg that isn’t even able to make choices. At Stanford they did a test on fertilized eggs allowing them to be able to with a 93% certainty be able to tell if the fertilized egg will make it to key milestones. This allow would arise problems with embryotic stem cell research. This is when they take a fertilized egg, which is 3-5 days old and takes it to the stem cells.
What is Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD)? Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is a test used prior to in vetro fertilization (IVF) to determine if an embryo carries a genetic disease or disorder. There are advantages and disadvantages to PGD, and is not required before IVF. It’s recommended for couples who carry a genetic disease or condition, and are at risk for passing it on to a child.
However, this has been avoided in recent years due to humanity's deeper understanding in this innovative science, and organs have become artificially engineered to suit every patient's demand [3]. Pregnant woman now accept screening their fetuses for genetic defectiveness in the intent of amending any faults [4]. Some parents also desire to coax the fetus into what they desire to be their offspring; however, this is regarded as unethical and immoral by many
First of all, I want to start by saying that I 'm not discriminating the disabled community, but this is a very large number that could possibly be diminished with the help of genetic testing. (1) I believe that there is nothing wrong with testing the genes of an unborn child to possibly determine if it could develop a genetic disorder in the future. One of the advantages that genetic testing provides is that the parents could now be informed of the situation, and keep track of their unborn child 's health. I 'm sure those parents are pleased with this technology, and the chances to be able to keep track of their baby. This a baby, and is something very precious, and valuable, and I believe that parents want to keep track of anything that may happen with the unborn child. I 'm sure that a large amount of people would agree would agree that they don 't want to suddenly take the hard hit. When the news is presented in the delivery room. This serves more as an advantage than a disadvantage, due to the fact parents. Pull be more prepared, or possibly have the option to abort it. This is a right that the parents should have regardless of the opposing side arguments towards it. Im a hundred percent sure that the opposing side has very strong arguments towards genetics testing, and one of the main ones is "playing God." The opposing side believed that some things in
Genetic testing negatively affects MILLIONS of lives. Those test results may trigger awful emotions. Testing may cost too much for the average person. Also, these screenings are not full body reviews. Considering these genetic testing should be prohibited by agencies offering the tests for everyone’s life.
Genetic Testing is a very helpful and useful tool for the world today. There and many pros and many cons to each test. In this paper the discussion is the pros and cons of preimplantation testing, newborn screening, and breast cancer genetic testing. Many different tests are used today ranging from before conception of a fetus all the way to adulthood and that is how much medicine had developed over the last few hundred years. Most people think these test are miracles and gifts however there are some people that disagree entirely with the whole concept of messing with the fate of each person. Preimplantation, newborn screening, and breast cancer testing all have pros consist of the helpful ways to stop things from happening in the future. However
Genetic testing can help people determine why they get cancer or other diseases. Genetic testing is recommended to people who have a family history of a genetic disease, have children who are born with genetic defects, and have gone through more than one miscarriage in the past. Though these te...
There are two types of testing that can be done well you are pregnant. The most common test is amniocentisis which is done between fifteen to twenty weeks, this is where they use a hollow needle to get amnio fluid to test for genetic problems or even the sex of the baby (Hirsch, 2014). The other test is called Chronic Villus Testing (CVT) this is between ten and twelve weeks and the doctor removes a piece of the placenta to test for genetic problems (Hirsch, 2014). Some parents may have a child already and they may have a genetic disorder, and their doctor recommends them to have the test just to make sure their child is okay on the new pregnancy. I know if I had a one child with a genetic defect I would like to know if my other children would as well. “In a 1993 survey in United Kingdom out of 49 geneticists and 209 Pediatricians revealed that most pediatricians would test healthy children for 11 genetic conditions” (Arbour, and Belik, 2003). When genetic testing is done it seems that most parents want to test for cancer and less then 20% for Huntington’s disease (Arbour, and Belik,