Thermodynamics is essentially how heat energy transfers from one substance to another. In “Joe Science vs. the Water Heater,” the temperature of water in a water heater must be found without measuring the water directly from the water heater. This problem was translated to the lab by providing heated water, fish bowl thermometers, styrofoam cups, and all other instruments found in the lab. The thermometer only reaches 45 degrees celsius; therefore, thermodynamic equations need to be applied in order to find the original temperature of the hot water. We also had access to deionized water that was approximately room temperature.
Two equations were used in this experiment to determine the initial temperature of the hot water. The first equation
…show more content…
First, 100 mL of regular deionized water was measured using a 100 mL graduated cylinder. This water was then poured into the styrofoam cup that will be used to gather the hot water later. The water level was then marked using a pen on the inside of the cup. The water was then dumped out, and the cup was dried. Next, 100 mL of regular deionized water was measured using a 100 mL graduated cylinder, and the fish tank thermometer was placed in the water. Once the temperature was stabilizing in the graduated cylinder, the marked styrofoam cup was filled to the mark with hot water. Quickly, the temperature of the regular water was recorded immediately before it was poured into the styrofoam cup. The regular/hot water was mixed for a couple seconds, and the fish tank thermometer was then submerged into the water. After approximately 30 seconds, the temperature of the mixture leveled out, and was recorded. This was repeated three …show more content…
This is by using the same mass and realizing that the specific heat of both the regular water and the hot water are the same. In our procedure, 100 mL of hot water was mixed with 100 mL of the regular water; therefore, the masses in Equation 3 cancel out (the densities of the water at different temperatures aren’t exactly the same, but the difference is negligible). This leads to the change in temperature of the hot water equaling the negative change of temperature in the regular water, shown as: (4)
Using Equation 4, it can be inferred that the initial temperature of the hot water minus the change in temperature of the mixture equals the temperature of the cold water plus the change in temperature of the mixture (Equation 5). This is then rearranged to indicate that the initial temperature of the hot water is two times the change in temperature plus the initial temperature of the regular water. This is shown in Equation 6.
Firstly, when testing temperatures at 30°C and 40°C, the water was. sometimes heated more than needed, so I had to wait until it cooled. down to the required temperature. To avoid this happening, a. thermostatic water bath could have been used, because I could set it. to the required temperature.
When there is a heat exchange between two objects, the object’s temperature will change. The rate at which this change will occur happens according to Newton’s Law of heating and cooling. This law states the rate of temperature change is directly proportional between the two objects. The data in this lab will exhibit that an object will stay in a state of temperature equilibrium, unless the object comes in contact with another object of a different temperature. Newton’s Law of Heat and Cooling can be understood by using this formula:
Variables --------- During the experiments, the water will be heated using different spirit burners containing different alcohols. I will be able to change different parts of the experiment. These are the. Volume of water heated:
water has had equal amounts of time for it to heat up, again I will
Specific heat capacity of aqueous solution (taken as water = 4.18 J.g-1.K-1). T = Temperature change (oK). We can thus determine the enthalpy changes of reaction 1 and reaction 2 using the mean (14) of the data obtained. Reaction 1: H = 50 x 4.18 x -2.12.
Tf-Ti). Next, subtract the initial temperature, 25 degrees from the final temperature, 29 degrees putting the change in temperature at 4 °C. To calculate the heat absorbed by the water in calorimeter, use the formula (q = mCΔT). Plug in 50 mL for (m), 4.184 J for (C) and 4 °C for the initial temperature (ΔT), then multiply.
The objective of this experiment was to identify a metal based on its specific heat using calorimetry. The unknown metals specific heat was measured in two different settings, room temperature water and cold water. Using two different temperatures of water would prove that the specific heat remained constant. The heated metal was placed into the two different water temperatures during two separate trials, and then the measurements were recorded. Through the measurements taken and plugged into the equation, two specific heats were found. Taking the two specific heats and averaging them, it was then that
Start with the hot water and first measure the temperature. Record it. 8. Then pour 40 ml into the beaker. You can measure how much water was used by looking at the meniscus.
The increase in temperature will therefore increase the rate of reaction. As this is the variable I am measuring I will not keep the temperature constant and therefore I will be varying it. Volume of water- if the volume of the water is increased there is more likelihood that there will be more collisions.
When preformed each of these experiments with each temperature of water, plugging them into the equation (Delta)(Ti – hot – Tf) T Hot x Cp x Mass(Cold) = (Delta)(Tf – Ti – Cold) T Cold x Cp x Mass(Hot)(d
In a 100ml beaker 30mls of water was placed the temperature of the water was recorded. 1 teaspoon of Ammonium Nitrate was added to the water and stirred until dissolved. The temperature was then recorded again. This was to see the difference between the initial temperature and the final temperature.
Methodology: A plastic cup was filled half way with crushed ice and mixed with four spoonfuls of 5 mL of sodium chloride. A thermometer was quickly placed inside the cup to take the temperature and the
Thermodynamics is the branch of science concerned with the nature of heat and its conversion to any form of energy. In thermodynamics, both the thermodynamic system and its environment are considered. A thermodynamic system, in general, is defined by its volume, pressure, temperature, and chemical make-up. In general, the environment will contain heat sources with unlimited heat capacity, allowing it to give and receive heat without changing its temperature. Whenever the conditions change, the thermodynamic system will respond by changing its state; the temperature, volume, pressure, or chemical make-up will adjust accordingly in order to reach its original state of equilibrium.
My aim in this piece of work is to see the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction in a solution of hydrochloric acid containing sodium thiosulphate. The word equation for the reaction that will occur in the experiment is: Sodium thiosulphate + hydrochloric acid →, sulphur + sulphur dioxide +. sodium chloride + water ? where the sulphur is an insoluble precipitate.
Difference of the feedwater heater is 5°C. The rest of the steam is reheated to