Introduction The history of personality testing dates back to ancient times. Humans have tried to explain behavior by grouping personality into specific types (Ashton & Lee, 2013). Personality evaluations have been developed to describe aspects that are stable all through a persons life span (Ashton & Lee, 2013). They show an individual's natural way of behaving, thinking and feeling. The HEXACO Personality Inventory (Ashton & Lee, 2013) measure the six dimensions of personality that were found in conducted research about personality throughout various cultures. These dimensions are Honesty/Humility, Emotionality, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness and Openness to Experience. Each dimension contains four facet-level scales that measure narrow personality traits with a total of 200 items (Ashton & Lee, 2009). Each item contains five answer possibilities where 1= 'I strongly disagree' , and 5 = 'I strongly agree'' (Ashton & Lee, 2009). The HEXACO-P-I provides information about the position of one individual compared to another individual in regard to the six personality dimensions. The HEXACO P-I is operationalized as a self-and …show more content…
Traits in this domain describe differences in sincerity, honesty, faithfullness/loyalty, modesty, fair-mindedness versus the traits; deceitful, greedy, pretentious, hypocritical, bragging and pompous (Ashton & Lee, 2009). The honesty-humility domain contains four facet-levels scales. The sincerity scale measures the tendency to be sincere in regards to relationships with others whereas the fairness scale asses the tendency to avoid corruption and fraud (Ashton & Lee, 2009). The other two scales are the Greed-avoidance and the modesty scale. The Greed-avoidance scale measures your lack of interest regarding riches, luxury and acquiring a high social status whereas the modesty scale asses your politeness and the extent to which you don't just assume things(Ashton & Lee,
After Allport, came along two psychologists, Raymond Cattell and Hans Eysenck, who each formulated their own theories regarding traits. Their theories have been the subjects of considerable research in the world of psychology. Cattell seemed to focus on far too many traits, while Eysenck seemed to focus on too few. As a result, psychologists have combined the two theories to make one satisfactory theory (Cherry), called “The Big Five Factors” (Myers). They are: conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, and extraversion. These five factors merge to create the human personality (Cherry). Where people fall into these factors s...
I believe our personalities make up who we are and how others perceive us at times. Personalities are our own unique qualities, that we possess as individuals. In writing this short paper, I have found that psychologists use assessments to define an individual’s personality to determine their qualities and what makes them different from other individuals. Through the Big Five Personality test, I found it difficult to define and understand an individual personality
These types of personality assessments are useful because they can help us see how each of us are different and how we each fit into our roles and responsibilities. Life would not be nearly as functional if we were all the same, and personality assessments can be useful by showing us how we all can work together and see our strengths and weaknesses in a way that can help us improve them.
Everybody's personality is different. Some may be extraversion's or narcissists, low self-monitoring or high self-monitoring and the list goes on. During this semester, taking Personality Theories has thought me more about myself than I have learned in my whole life. I believe that my personality stems from my family environment, my friends and society and then I get to choose what I think to be morally correct and what fits with my personality the best.
Next is Agreeableness, which is a trait that when expressed by someone, is shown as caring about others, being empathetic and generally enjoy helping other people. Someone who has a lot of this characteristic are the listeners in a group of people. They’re the ones who empathize with others. Many even become social workers (King). Others who have lower levels of agreeableness normally don’t have much interest in other people, are closed off, and have no interest in others issues.
Personality is massive part of an individual’s identity. Our personalities dictate our patterns of thinking, feeling, and acting. An individual’s personality exposes them to predispositions and habits that influence their actions and lives. Early on, personality assessments consisted of physical features ranging from head shape and facial characteristics to body type. In today’s world, personality assessments are mainly based around traits. Traits are simply descriptions of one’s habitual patterns of behavior, thought and emotion. The most popular personality assessment is the Five-Factor Model, also known as The Big Five. This model allows us to describe people based on the five main traits/dimensions. These traits are extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience. Each of these five traits measures a different aspect of one’s personality. Extraversion is based on one’s level of engagement with the world,
Its purpose is to give the participant a 4-letter formula which describes strength preferences of the participant’s personality type. The formula comes from four different sections; Extraversion or Introversion, Sensing or iNtuition, Thinking or Feeling, and Judging or Perceiving. Based on the 4-letter formula, one will also receive a two-letter Temperament, which offers a good prediction of one’s behavior (Kroeger, Thuesen, & Rutledge, 2002).
The next scale, agreeableness, is also different than how people use the word in everyday conversation. We tend to think of it as non-argumentative, but for the Big Five personality factors, it connotes compassion, trust, helpfulness, and cooperativeness, versus ruthlessness, suspiciousness, defiance, and stubbornness. Amanda is known by her friends for being somewhat stubborn, but not all the time...
In the field of psychology, personality refers to the unique characteristics and behavior patterns that distinguish one individual from another. Personality can be a complex spectrum to evaluate. Personality of is not always stable and may change over time for different reasons such as shocking events, education, and environment to name a few. The study and assessment of personality has been used to describe and discover from severe mental disorders to assist self-awareness. Personality inventories are a method to assess personality traits. These evaluation methods arose from the need to understand and treat the effects of war on soldiers’ personality. Personality inventories have evolved over time and today are used in several fields: education, research, clinical, counseling, and industrial / organizational. This paper aims to explore and offer details of one of these personality inventories: The Sixteen Personality Factors Questionnaire (16PF).
“The Big Five Trait Theory” is based on the five broad dimensions of one’s personality which according to Jason Rentfrow (PH. D) was “uncovered” after “decades of research on personality.”
Matthews, G., Deary, I. J., & Whiteman, M. C. (2009). Personality traits. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
“The Five Factor Model provides a compelling framework for building personality measures that seek to represent the domain of individual terms broadly and systematically” (Briggs, 1989 as cited in McAdams. DP, 1992, p. 332). The FFM consists of five factors (The ‘Big Five’). They are Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism. When measured individuals can range from extremes on each of these traits.
These scales are commonly alternatively represented by the OCEAN acronym Openness to experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion/Introversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism. The Big Five structure captures, at a broad level of abstraction, commonalities among most of the existing systems of personality description, and provides an integrative descriptive model for personality research. (Oliver& Sanjay 1999)
Friedman, H. S., & Schustack, M. W. (2012). Personality: Classic theories and modern research (5th ed). Boston , MA, USA: Pearson
Personality tests tell a person a lot about why a person is who they have become. I believe that these test if taken truthfully can identify deficiencies that individuals can work on to benefit not only themselves but others in the organizations that they work in. Some models state that it is in human nature and chemicals that decided how a person acts but I believe it is based on life experiences and a personality can change as long as a person knows the deficiencies and works to change them.