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The Ending of White Minority Rule in South Africa
Apartheid was a major historical event, and perhaps the biggest event
in South Africa’s history. Apartheid is a policy of racial
segregation, the word means ‘separateness’ in Afrikaans. It was
introduced in 1948 by the white minority and made sure that the whites
were superior in every possible way. However, the whites ruled over
the blacks before this, using them as slaves for agricultural work and
mining during the 1800s, and such racism was not new.
Apartheid did not last for fifty years, and it was officially
abolished in 1994. This was because the black people fought back, the
most memorable and famous black person to do so being a man called
Nelson Mandela. He went on to become the president of South Africa
with a strong feeling of the country being free at last. This essay
will discuss whether Mandela was the soul reason for Apartheid being
abolished, and what he did to aid it.
Nelson Mandela was born on July 18th 1918, in a remote village. He
studied law at the University of Witwatersrand, this led him to set up
the first black law firm in Johannesburg, where he fought court cases
for wrongly treated black people. In 1947, Mandela became the African
National Congress’ (ANC) Youth Secretary, and although the government
banned Mandela from the ANC three times, he carried on working for it.
He was also banned from attending the ‘Congress of the People’ which
drew up the ‘Freedom charter’, however he supported it fully. This
charter included such points as ‘Education shall be free, compulsory,
universal and equal for all children.’
On December 5th 1956, at a dawn raid, M...
... middle of paper ...
...la, F.W. de Klerk may
have played a vital role in this, but the ending of apartheid was
clearly not just down to him.
In conclusion to this essay, I disagree that the ending of Apartheid
could be purely attributed to Mandela. I believe that all the factors
discussed in this essay added together to end apartheid and if one was
removed then it might not have happened when it did. African
Nationalism helped the white governments to be replaced with black
governments, and helped black people to join major organisations such
as the UN. Also, I believe that African Nationalism strongly
influenced Mandela and many others. Therefore, this leads me to
conclude that African Nationalism may have been the most important
reason to ending apartheid, but without all of the other reasons, it
may not have been so effective.
Graham Leach is a former BBC Radio, for Southern Africa correspondent. Graham Leach has been a technical instructor for more than seven years. He joined the BBC as trainee in the 1970s. He was a reporter back then and was based in London. During the early 80s, international reporter was posted in areas such as Beirut to report on the upheavals that were occurring at the time. He is famous for writing the book; The Afrikaners – their last great trek. This book fundamentally outlines the lifestyle, struggles of the Afrikaners in South Africa, and their final triumph as wanting to be the superior race in South Africa. These two books portray Graham Leach as a form of activist towards Apartheid, as he’s books are influential and inspiring towards the abolishment of Apartheid and the coming of a new age. This book aims to enlighten the reader of the change South Africa had gone through, that it lay on the brink of massive change. However a question is being posed on whether Apartheid can dismantle peacefully, or could this violently emerge into a revolution and end up in a civil war. This is what Graham Leach sets out to understand as he provides for the reader an up to date guide of the experiences in South Africa during that time, the political situation and provides an outlook towards the future chance/outcomes for South Africa. By looking at South Africa from Graham Leach’s point of view during Apartheid, a justification can be made on whether he’s views towards South Africa, accurately measures out the the change occurring in South Africa politically and socially during this time and whether or not it will peaceful or characterised by violence.
Nelson Mandela was South African anti- apartheid revolutionary, originally known as the Boycott Movement, was a British organization that was at the Centre of the international movement opposing South Africa’s system of apartheid and supporting South Africa’s non-whites, English. Coming into office Mandela faced daunting challenges with regards to the disparity in wealth and serves between the white and black communities. Of a population of 40 million. Twenty-three million lacked electricity or adequate sanitation, twelve million lacked clean water supplies, two million children were not in school, thirteen million people were illiterate, thirty-three percent were unemployed, and twenty million lived below the poverty line.
Nelson Mandela was a well-known South African politician, philanthropist, and an anti-apartheid revolutionary, born on eighteenth of July 1918. He served as the South African President from the year 1944 to 1999. He is known as the first South African chief executive, and also the first person to be elected in a free and Democratic election. After he was elected, the government of Nelson Mandela focused on dismantling and destroying the widely spread legacy of apartheid that was reigning in South Africa. He tackled these issues by dealing with institutionalised racism, inequality, and poverty. He also made an effort to foster racial reconciliation (Downing & Jr, 1992). He served as the African National Congress President, as a democratic and an African nationalist, from the year 1991 to 1997. Nelson Mandela was appointed the Secretary General from 1998 to 1999, of the Movement of Non-Alignment. Mandela studied Law when he attended the University of Witwatersrand and Fort Hare University. He got involved in anti-colonial politics at the time he lived in Johannesburg. He joined the ANC and later became a founding and prominent member of the Youth league. Nelson Mandela came to power after the National party of South Africa. He ascended to grea...
Nelson Mandela, who was discharged from jail in 1990, tried to patch up South Africa's issues, making the ANC who won the primary vote based race in, 1994. Mandela at that point progressed toward becoming the leader of South Africa. Among the explanations behind the end of apartheid were Nelson Mandela and Frederick de Klerk. They both needed South Africa to come together as a nation and not be kept down by apartheid.
Arthur, Napoleon, and Msimangu, all characters from Alan Paton’s book, Cry, The Beloved Country, are used to share Paton’s points of view on the future of South Africa and the apartheid. Paton uses these characters to represent specific views; Arthur expresses clearly that the apartheid isn’t the right way to progress as a country, Napoleon exemplifies how Paton thinks people should take the anti-apartheid effort, and Msimangu explicitly expresses Paton’s ideas of an ideal leader.
Nelson Mandela was born 1918 into a Royal family in a South African village, after the death of his father he was groomed into the role within the tribal leadership. He was the first in his family to receive formal education, he excelled in boxing, track and as well as academics. He attended the elite University of fort Hare, the only western style higher learning institute in South Africa at the time.
Mandela worked his way up through the ranks of the ANC and ANCYL, leading the anti-apartheid movement. What he accomplished while in the ANCYL and in prison changed the way that South Africa is today. Without Mandela blacks would still only be able to use certain bathrooms and would only be able to go in certain places designated for them. This 55-year journey from the African National Congress, to prison, and finally to becoming president and winning the Nobel Peace Prize has made Nelson Mandela a living legend. But in the words of Nelson Mandela himself,
“As I walked out the door toward the gate that would lead to my freedom, I knew if I didn’t leave my bitterness and hatred behind, I’d still be in prison” (Mandela). In recent times, since Mandela’s death, his renowned views on leadership have been of great debate around the world. To most, he was the first president of South Africa, a respected and courageous leader, but before that he was a convicted terrorist. His “hatred for the oppressor” taught him to forgive and forget and to emerge from prison as a better man. Twenty-seven years in prison didn’t change Mandela’s stance on racial oppression, and throughout his sentence, he became a martyr for equal rights and freedom.
Nelson Mandel was once quoted (2015), “No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite” (nelsonmandela.org, 2015). Nelson Mandela was a dedicated visionary leader that used his unwavering ethical morals to transform a government from a racially prejudiced apartheid nation to a democratically free one. His refusal to believe in South Africa’s discriminatory apartheid law gave his life a strong sense of purpose to lobby peacefully and sometimes aggressively for equality. Nelson Mandela was a committed leader that stirred South Africa
After his election, Mandela worked hard to remove all the laws and damage the Apartheid had made. Mandela's fight affected the country dramatically. The trade bans imposed on the country were lifted and South Africa's economy recovered. New jobs were created and were available to all of the population. South Africa was also able to make sport's history as well. Last year South Africa became the first African nation to host the Fifa World Cup, which is a monumental event around the world. The World greatly boosted South Africa's image and increased its level of tourism. As explained before, Apartheid was a very dark time in the country's history. I believe that if the country had not had the African National Congress and the charisma of Nelson Mandela, South Africa would still be a third world country under Apartheid's rule.
1. Introduction The liberation of South Africa (SA) into an independent and democratic nation in 1994 was accompanied by drastic measures to amend persistent disparities especially those among different races. In this notion, many areas, healthcare were prioritised as one such important sector. Currently under the rule of the African National Congress (ANC) party, the South African government has recently published the National Health Insurance (NHI) Green Paper.
Apartheid was a collection of existing laws that dealt with racial segregation. These laws were enforced after an all-white party known as the National Party came into power in the 1940s. Despite nonwhites making up the majority of the South African population, the laws required them to live in separate housing facilities, use separate bathrooms, and limit contact between races. The laws not only separated whites and non-whites, but separated non-white citizens by tribes in an effort to split their political power. In 1950, the government banned marriages and relationships between black and white couples, an act that separated families in the country. Opposition to these laws began as nonviolent demonstrations and led to armed resistance against
Nelson Mandela was born in a clan in Mvezo, Transkei on July 18, 1918. He began his studies to receive his Bachelors of Arts Degree at the college of Fort Hare. But he did not get it because he was expelled for joining in on a student protest they had there.
Today I would like to talk about the speech that Mandela gave to the people of Cape Town on May 9th 1994, the day before he was inaugurated. While this speech has always been overshadowed by his eloquent inaugural address, I would like to show how his speech from 9 May is equally important and very relevant to South Africa today.
The actions he took throughout his political career were all based on this conviction he had. Also, even though Mandela fought against the white minority ruling over the black community, he did not consider white people to be inferior, as he says in this declaration: “I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities.” Mandela’s goal was not switching the black and white community’s social ranks, but to put them on the same level, despite what one group did to the other in the past. In addition, Nelson Mandela gave a voice to South Africa’s black community, by becoming the first black president of South Africa. During the ANCYL’s Defiance campaign, Mandela and his team demanded the abolishment of the law that only allowed the white minority to vote during elections and from there on, many changes were made which allowed him to rule the country. Furthermore, he was the key to the