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How surface area affects the rate of reaction experiment
Effect of surface area of potato on hydrogen peroxide catalysis
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The Effect of Surface Area on the Rate of Reaction Between Catalase from a Potato and Hydrogen Peroxide Aim To find out the relationship between the surface area of a potato chip and the rate of reaction when hydrogen peroxide is put in with it. Variables As I do this experiment the thing I am going to be changing is the surface area of the potato chip, first I will put it in the beaker as a whole (3cm chip) then I will start cutting it into smaller pieces and repeating the experiment. I will keep the temperature the same throughout all the experiments also I will keep the amount and concentration of hydrogen peroxide the same, the amount of potato and the same brand of potato. By doing this I will make it a fair test. Prediction I predict that the bigger the surface area the quicker the 10 cubic cm of hydrogen peroxide gas will be produced. I think this because as the surface area increases, the speed of the reaction will increase therefore the gas will be produced faster. I believe this because most chemical reactions happen faster when there is more of the reactant to react with. When there is a larger surface area, there is more of the reactant available, which makes it easier for them to react together. Usually, when the surface area is doubled it will double the rate of reaction. Chemical reactions take place by chance. Particles need to collide with enough velocity so that they react and interlock with each other, this is called the lock and key theory. As the surface area is increased the particles have a bigger surface to react with so more molecules can react at a time. This means that they are colliding more often and there is a bigger chance that the collisions have enough velocity to cause a reaction. Since there are more collisions the chemical reaction takes place faster. What am I measuring? I am measuring how long it takes to collect 10 cubic cm of gas in a
Abstract: Enzymes are catalysts therefore we can state that they work to start a reaction or speed it up. The chemical transformed due to the enzyme (catalase) is known as the substrate. In this lab the chemical used was hydrogen peroxide because it can be broken down by catalase. The substrate in this lab would be hydrogen peroxide and the enzymes used will be catalase which is found in both potatoes and liver. This substrate will fill the active sites on the enzyme and the reaction will vary based on the concentration of both and the different factors in the experiment. Students placed either liver or potatoes in test tubes with the substrate and observed them at different temperatures as well as with different concentrations of the substrate. Upon reviewing observations, it can be concluded that liver contains the greater amount of catalase as its rates of reaction were greater than that of the potato.
B will have this size potato in but cut in half and Test tube C will
Catalase are an enzyme that catalyses the reduction of hydrogen peroxide into H2O and O2. Catalase are a common enzyme that can be found in almost all living organisms such as potatoes. It is specifically found in the cells that are exposed to oxygen and can be in a plant or animal cell. [1]
Osmosis in Potato Tubes Osmosis: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from a high concentration to a low concentration. Diagram: [IMAGE] [IMAGE] Aim: To see the effects of different concentration of sugar solution on Osmosis in potato tubes. Key factor: In the investigation we change the sugar solution from: 0%-10%-20%-30%-40%-50% this is the independent variable; the dependant variable is the change in mass. Prediction: I predict that all the potato tubes in pure water or low concentration sugar solution will swell because water enters their cells by osmosis.
= I predict that if the concentration is high in the yeast then the speed of oxygen produced in the reaction with hydrogen peroxide will also be high. This is because the amount of yeast that can react with the hydrogen peroxide can get no higher and will have the maximum affect on the reaction. If the concentration is more in favour of water then the amount of oxygen produced will be slow because there is not as much yeast to react with the hydrogen peroxide, giving less oxygen. If the temperature is not in favour of the limits to the yeast then the amount of oxygen produced will be small because the enzyme will have denatured. If the temperature is in favour of the yeast then the amount of oxygen produced will be high because it is at the prime temperature for the yeast to react.
anyway) Note these factors affect the rate of the reaction, but not the final. amount of carbon dioxide produced). Why these factors affect it: higher temperature makes atoms move more. so they are more likely to bump into each other and react.
5. In a gas increasing the pressure means molecules are more squashed up together, so there will be more collisions. My Investigation. I am going to investigate the concentration variable. I have chosen this because in my opinion it will be the easiest one to measure.
How the Concentration of the Substrate Affects the Reaction in the Catalase Inside Potato Cells Introduction Enzymes are made of proteins and they speed up reactions, this means that they act as catalysts. Hydrogen peroxide is a byproduct of our cell's activities and is very toxic. The enzymes in our bodies break down the hydrogen peroxide at certain temperatures they work best at body temperature, which is approximately 37 degrees. At high temperatures, the cells begin to denature. This means that the hydrogen peroxide is prevented from being broken down because they will not 'fit' into the enzyme.[IMAGE] Objective I am going to find out how the concentration of the substrate, hydrogen peroxide affects the reaction in the catalase inside the potato cells.
The reason I believe this is that chemical reactions occur when particles of the reacting substances collide. Increasing the number of the particles increases the number of collisions per second and this increases the reaction rate. In the reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate you can increase the number of particles in two ways. The first of these is to increase the surface area of the calcium carbonate.
Changes in volume will be measured at five different temperature levels and compared. A chamber will be constructed using respiring material (peas) and a carbon dioxide absorbing agent. Gas volumes may be influenced by outside factors like air, pressure and temperature. A second chamber used as a control will be used to measure any changes due to air pressure or temp that are out of control. The Procedure:..
• An increase in the temperature of the system will increase the rate of reaction. Again, using the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution diagram, we can see how the temperature affects the reaction rate by seeing that an increase in temperature increases the average amount of energy of the reacting particles, thus giving more particles sufficient energy to react.
If there is a large particle with a large surface area, and many small particles, the smaller particles have a higher chance of colliding with the larger particles. However, if there are small particles, and small particles of another compound, then the reaction rate would be slower, because the particles wouldn’t collide as easily as they would with particles of a bigger size. The third factor that affects collisions is the temperature. If there is a higher temperature, then the particles are able to move freer and faster, than they would if the temperature was lower. This means that the reaction rate would be faster, because the collisions of the particles are more frequent.
From this rudimentary description of the production of potato chips, one can see that the main ingredients include potatoes, oil, and some salt. However, what may not be so apparent are the “non-ingredient” inp...
We have no gases and solids involved, therefore it is easy to deal with solutions. Similarly, the use of a catalyst complicates things, and if used incorrectly could alter the outcome of the experiment. The theory behind this experiment is that increasing the concentration can increase the rate of the reaction by increasing the rate of molecular collisions. GRAPH I will place the reaction mixture on a paper with a black cross drawn on it. When the cross is completely obscured, the reaction will be finished.
In my experiment, I will use an overall volume of 50 cm³ of 2moles of