The Brain Pacemaker

Based on the symptoms of the patient the neurologist will order test to find out what is going on. A Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one way of diagnosing. Most of the brain and central nervous system problems are diagnosed through the use of a MRI. MRI creates an image using nuclear magnetic resonance and is possible because the human body is filled with small biological magnets. (See figure 1, normal brain during MRI) In the case of the patient he never saw a neurologist because his colloid cyst was found during a routine CAT scan following his accident.

Brain surgeon or Neurological surgery is the medical specialty concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of disorders which affect any portion of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and extra-cranial cerebrovascular system (Ben and Adrian). There are numerous types of brain surgery. The type used is based on the area of the brain and condition being treated such as craniotomy and epilepsy surgery. A craniotomy is the surgical removal of part of the bone from the skull to expose the brain. Specialized tools are used to remove the section of bone called the bone flap.

Astrocytes provide neurons with metabolic support, control local blood flow, and regulate the maintenance of synapses. They are a critical part of normal neural functioning. (3) The first stage of treatment for glioblastoma is surgery. After surgery, an average GBM tumor is generally reduced 99%. It is used to take a section for a diagnosis, to diminish some of the symptoms of a large mass pressing against the brain, to remove disease before secondary... ... middle of paper ... ... in glioma cells (suppression of autophagy, mentioned above, is often accompanied by activiation of apoptosis).

We will learn the different types and treatments for this type of mental disease. What is Aphasia? Aphasia is present when the patient knoes what he or she wants to say but cannot pronounce it. The patient with sensory aphasia has difficulty understanding language and may articulate words easily but use them inappropriately. (Davi-Ellen Chabner The Language of Medicine 10th edition) Aphasia is recognized by a neurologist physician who treats a person for their brain injury.

Studies have shown that people who have had a close relative, such as a parent or sibling con... ... middle of paper ... ... usually detected when someone goes into the doctor for a head injury or some kind of pain completely unrelated to the aneurysm. A computed tomography (CT) scan may be used to help identify any bleeding in the brain. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), being similar to a CT, uses a magnetic field and pulses of radio wave energy to provide pictures of blood vessels inside the body. A dye is often used during the procedure to make blood vessels appear more clear. Lastly, a cerebral angiogram may be done.

Development of Psychosurgery From the Early 1800’s Was psychosurgery, also known as brain surgery and neurosurgery, safer before the year 2000 or after? First off, what is psychosurgery? Psychosurgery is surgery on the brain in order to treat a psychotic or mental disorder. In order to treat the patient part of the brain has to be destroyed or expunged. Psychosurgery is generally used to treat severe depression and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD).

SATIS Report Stem cell research and therapy in Cerebral Palsy This topic has been chosen as I find all aspects of it interesting and also through personal reasons such as my elder brother being diagnosed with a mix of spastic, ataxic and atonic quadriplegia cerebral palsy. Facts Cerebral palsy is a medical condition that affects certain areas of the brain which causes problems with a person’s motor skills. This can be caused by asphyxia during birth or maternal infections during pregnancy, genetic mutations and more, which all can lead to brain damage in the baby which then causes the child to have cerebral palsy. However, depending on the area and size of damage caused to the brain the severity of the condition can differ. Cerebral palsy then has different effects on different areas of the brain such as increased or decreased muscle tone, a lack of co-ordination an inability to control speech and/or movement.

What Causes Parkinson’s Disease? Parkinson Disease’s (PD) is defined as progressive loss of pigmented neurons or cells in the substantia nigra of the brain. These cells manufacture the molecule dopamine, a chemical responsible for regulating purposeful movemen... ... middle of paper ... ...term with as few adverse effects as possible. Also, surgery is considered for patients who have motor fluctuations dyskinesia that cannot be adequately managed with medications. Moreover, the principal surgical action is deep brain stimulation lead implantation; which has made a resurgence in the treatments of PD because long-term complications of Levodopa therapy result in significant disability over time.

Brain surgery, a common method for treating Parkinson's before the discovery of L-dopa, is coming back into favor for patients with severe tremors. Surgeons use various procedures to destroy tissue in regions of the brain believed to play a role in Parkinson's disease, such as the substantia nigra. These procedures have positive effects for some people, but experts caution that they do not work for everyone. Additional surgical treatments are under investigation. Such experimental treatments include a pacemaker-like device to prevent tremors, and more recently, replacing damaged neural tissue with healthy fetal neural tissue.

Cerebellar Lesions and the Neurologist What is a Neurologist? A neurologist is a medical doctor trained in the diagnosis and treatment of nervous system disorders including diseases of the brain, spinal cord, nerves and muscles (www.neurologychannel.com). Common nervous system diseases treated by neurologists include multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, headaches, stroke or injury to the nervous system. The types of diagnostic tests employed by neurologists to detect neurological problems include: • the CAT (computed axial tomography) scan; • the MRI/MRA (magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic response angiography); • lumbar puncture (or spinal tap); • EEG (electroencephalography); • and the EMG/NCV (electromyography/nerve conduction velocity). (www.