John Keats’ belief in the beauty of potentiality is a main theme of him great “Ode on a Grecian Urn.” This idea appears in many of his other poems that precede this ode, such as “The Eve of St. Agnes,” but perhaps none of Keats’ other works devote such great effort to showcase this idea. The beauty of the Grecian Urn (likely multiple urns), and its strength as a symbol, is a masterful mechanism. Just about all facets of this poem focus on an unfulfilled outcome: but one that seems inevitably completed. Thus, while the result seems a foregone conclusion, Keats’ static world creates a litany of possible outcomes more beautiful than if any final resolution. From the very title we find that this “Ode” is different. It is the “Ode on a Grecian Urn,” as opposed to “Ode to a Nightingale,” or “Ode to Psyche.” The word “on” provides a little more interpretive flexibility. On one hand, the word on can be taken to mean “about” or “concerning,” suggesting that this is an ode about a Grecian Urn. This is in fact true. However, it can also suggest that this ode is taking place quite literally on the Grecian Urn—the ode itself would therefore not be Keats’ own poetry, but the actual Urn. This interpretation is backed up by in Stanza I. when Keats calls the Urn “Sylvan historian, who canst thus express / A flowery tale more sweetly than our rhyme” (lines 3-4). The urn can express the tale more sweetly because it presents the ode without the passage of time. Thus all the paintings are forever frozen and ever becoming, and any fulfillment would betray potential. Keats asserts that while music is sweet, those which go unheard are sweeter, and thus implores the piper to “pipe to the spirit ditties of no tone” (14). Because the piper o... ... middle of paper ... ...nts have no quotation marks at all, but that too is problematic as the words are talking about what we know on “earth.” The speaker seems to be coming from a place outside of the realm of human existence. Thus it seems quite clear that the words must come directly from the Urn, although how much is up to debate, it seems. Keats finds the most beauty in what can be, rather than what is. It is a statement that, once I heard it, rang entirely true in my life: the beauty of potentiality is that there is never a solid answer, and any number of truths can at once be a reality. The piper can thus play a tune that rings wonderfully in everyone’s ear, and the motives of the man chasing the woman stay pure because he has yet to consummate his desires. The actual act has difficulty living up to our imagination—but the potential always leaves final satisfaction up to us.
John Keats’s illness caused him to write about his unfulfillment as a writer. In an analysis of Keats’s works, Cody Brotter states that Keats’s poems are “conscious of itself as the poem[s] of a poet.” The poems are written in the context of Keats tragically short and painful life. In his ...
...agery artistically to creatively examine, whether death really is the end of all humanity or whether life was merely purgatorial, a period of time allocated on earth for the purpose of atoning for our sins just like the ‘purgatorial rails’ in this poem. Alternatively it can be argued that religion is not life affirming and only death reveals, the indoctrinatory nature of religious teachings. For example the ‘sculptured dead’ were ‘imprisoned in black’ connoting everlasting torment. It almost contradictorily argues that faith on one hand is a sufferance gladly taken by citizens so they may reap their rewards in the afterlife but on the other hand Keats is demonstrating how religion is restricted and there is really no life after death. This is interesting because it controversially subverts conventions of the time that he was writing in.
...s the speaker in the ode. Thus we see he became inspired to write this song of praise to autumn. He shows that anything can inspire someone to write, not just the beauty of spring. Thus we see the imagery Keats employs move from the scenic and joyous picture portrayed in the first stanza, to the harvest time in the second and finally we are confronted with the melancholy images in the last stanza. One realises, Keats was inspired by many things to complete this ode. Thus, we see influences of the Pastoral period, Greek myth and nature. Keats challenges the idea that spring usually inspires music, by showing the reader all the different places one draws inspiration from. Thus anything can inspire music or a musician if he allows it too. In addition, Keats believed that music does not just have to invoke feelings of joy, but it is still music if it makes one feel sad.
White, Keith D. John Keats And The Loss Of Romantic Innocence.(Costerus NS 107). Minneapolis: Rodopi BV Editions, 1996. Print.
Keats’ poetry explores many issues and themes, accompanied by language and technique that clearly demonstrates the romantic era. His poems ‘Ode to a Nightingale’ and ‘Bright Star’ examine themes such as mortality and idealism of love. Mortality were common themes that were presented in these poems as Keats’ has used his imagination in order to touch each of the five senses. He also explores the idea that the nightingale’s song allows Keats to travel in a world of beauty. Keats draws from mythology and christianity to further develop these ideas. Keats’ wrote ‘Ode To A Nightingale’ as an immortal bird’s song that enabled him to escape reality and live only to admire the beauty of nature around him. ‘Bright Star’ also discusses the immortal as Keats shows a sense of yearning to be like a star in it’s steadfast abilities. The visual representation reveal these ideas as each image reflects Keats’ obsession with nature and how through this mindset he was able
The images of life and death is also repesented in Keats "Ode on a Grecian
While differing in technique and subject matter, John Keats’ “Ode on a Grecian Urn” (1820) and W.H. Auden’s “Musée des Beaux Arts” (1940) demonstrate how using the rhetorical device of Ekphrasis in poetry helps to guide the reader to the central themes and messages of the poem. Both poems confront and explore the works of art differently: while Keats uses the rustic urn (in which scenes and myths are depicted upon it) to confront the nature as well as the limits of the world of art and fantasy; Auden uses Brueghel’s painting, The Fall of Icarus, in his second stanza to help reinforce the speaker’s comments (stated within the first stanza) on the apathy or indifference that seems to be present within the human condition in regards to human suffering. In comparing these two poems, it is evident that there are many different ways and techniques that ekphrasis can be used within poetry, also demonstrates how the work of art being described in the poem becomes instrumental in conveying a poem’s complex ideas in an effective and meaningful way.
In John keats poem “To Autumn”, we come across profound imagery that gives us an overwhelming feeling of music in correlation to spring. John Keats was born in London in the year 1795. Even though John Keats studied medicine, he devoted his life to the art of poetry, imagery and creative writing. His life was short lived as he only managed to reach the young age of twenty six, dying in the year 1821 from the ever changing tuberculosis virus (TB). Some of his famous works include “Ode to a Nightingale”, “Ode on a Grecian Urn” and various other brilliant odes. In the following essay, I will be giving detailed references to the vast imagery in the last stanza of John Keats poem as well as to clarify the issue of how music is associated with the season of spring.
Imagery is a primary literary technique a poet uses to capture the readers or listeners senses. We gain comprehension of the world through the use of our sense. Therefore, how the reader perceives a poem is always the most important aspect every poet considers whilst writhing. The images of a poem have the ability to appeal of each of our senses, taste, smell, touch, hearing and sight can all be heightened by certain aspects of poetry. The imagery of a poem has the ability to transport us into a different place or time, allowing the reader to experience new observations. When used correctly, imagery has the ability to form an understanding of different emotions the poet tries to address through their poetry. The sounds and diction incorporated into a piece also plays a role of major importance. The use of similes, metaphors, alliteration, personification and countless other forms of literary techniques, all add a sensual feeling and experience to poetry in an assortment of ways. In the Odes of John Keats we are witness to an extensive use of literary techniques. Keats uses a variety of approaches in order to evoke the world of senses throughout his poetry. His Odes ‘on Indolence’ and ‘to Psyche’, ’a Nightingale’, ‘To Autumn’ and ‘Ode on Melancholy’ all demonstrate Keats amazing ability to arouse the senses of his readers with his diverse and vast use of literary and poetic techniques.
Ode to a Nightingale by John Keats is one of the most notable poems throughout the history of English literature. In this lyrical poem, Keats addresses the themes of beauty and perpetuity through the characteristics the nightingale. The poet then describes the nightingale as a symbol of perfection, immortality, and freedom from the world’s secular activities. Keats wrote this piece at a time when he found himself stuck at the intersection between the two worlds of reality and fantasy. He was diagnosed with tuberculosis, found out that his brother died, and recently became engaged to Fanny Brawne. Struggling with two paradoxical idea of "fancy escape” and "mortal limitation", Keats echoes his personal life to this poem. In addition, he fully
One of the strongest themes of this poem is the mortality of man and the guarantee that all men to pass from this world. Keats fixates on the idea that a member of a species lasts a comparatively fractional amount of time as the species it belongs to. He suggests that long after he is dead and the nightingale in the forest is dead, that the forests will still echo with songs from nightingales, whose species will live on long past his own life. These dismal realities cause Keats to view the world as painful and bleak, where happiness can only be found in temporary doses; as we see when the nightingale’s beautiful songs that lifts his somber heart. He suggests that having such a sweet, short
In the Romantic Era of Poetry many poets focused on the beauty of nature. However, both John Keats and William Blake occasionally strayed away from this topic. They often wrote about, their appreciation for the gothic/supernatural aspects of life and also the belief that in order to gain something you must first lose something. In the poem “Ode on Indolence” by John Keats, he focused on the mystical and supernatural elements of the world. In the poem, “Auguries of Innocence” by William Blake he focused on the belief that, in order to feel one emotion the opposite emotion must be experienced as part of life. The romantic qualities that William Blake and John Keats once expressed, still apply to many beliefs in the world today.
John Keats employs word choices and word order to illustrate his contemplative and sympathetic tone. The tone could be interpreted as pessimistic and depressing because the majority of the poem focuses on Keats’ fear of death. However, if the reader views the last two lines of the poem in light which brings redemption, one might see that Keats merely wants to express the importance of this dominant fear in his life. He does not desire for his audience to focus on death, but to realize that man does not have control of when it comes. The poet uses poetic diction, a popular technique of the early nineteenth century. The poem also demonstrates formal diction that Keats is often known for. Although Keats meant for most of his words to interpret with denotative meanings, he does present a few examples of allusion and connotation. His connotations include “teeming,” defined as plen...
Examining the definition of “ode,” there is a strong connection between song and poetry—an ode being “a poem intended to be sung or one written in a form originally used for sung performance”--, and within both poems the inspiration of each narrator is described in terms of creating poems meant to be sung. Essentially, Keats’s poem plays with the concept of the poetic form of an ode on a couple of different levels. Firstly, the nightingale, in stark contrast to the narrator’s feelings of despair, is presented as a “light-winged Dyrad of the trees, / In some melodious plot / … Singest of summer in full-throated ease” (“Ode to a Nightingale 7-8, 10). By introducing the nightingale in this manner, and by referring to it twice with musical adjectives—referencing its “melodious plot” and how the bird “singest of summer”—establishes this element of song as the focal point of the nightingale. Similarly, the goddess Psyche is first introduced by means of song, as the narrator begins “Ode to Psyche” by singing, and asking her to hear “these tuneless number” (Ode to Psyche 1) and to “pardon thy secrets should be sung” (3). The musical references to Psych continue in the third stanza, as the narrator laments the inclusion of Psyche into the Greek pantheon, he reveals
Although both “Kubla Khan,” by Samuel Coleridge and “Ode on Grecian Urn,” by John Keats are poems originating from the poets’ inspiration from historical figure, the two poems convey different messages through their respective metaphors. While Coleridge emphasizes on the process of creating a Romantic poem, Keats expresses his opinion about art by carefully examining the details of the Grecian urn.