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Terrorists: How different are they?
Ever since September 11th, terrorism has been on virtually all of our minds. And now, some eighteen months later, as the nation perches on the brink of war with Iraq, our fears remain. The frustration that most people experience in the aftermath of extreme violence is largely the result of the question why. Why would anyone want to commit so heinous a crime? How could they live with themselves? Terrorism is a widely researched topic, but it seems to be particularly salient now, as it hits closer to home. Are terrorists different than the rest of us? Are they different than serial killers? If brain equals behavior, then yes, they are. But perhaps that equation is only true in some cases.
Because the acts that terrorists execute are so disturbing, many people think they must be crazy - that there must be something fundamentally wrong with them or with their brains. There is an ongoing debate on this matter - especially since different research shows variations in the extent to which terrorists are perceived as "crazy." Clark McCauley, Professor of Psychology at Bryn Mawr maintains that terrorists are not crazy. In fact, they are quite normal and their psychology is normal. According to Professor McCauley, research has found "psychopathology and personality disorder no more likely among terrorists than among non-terrorists from the same background" (1). For most, this is an unfavorable result, for not only does it mean that anyone is capable of committing acts of terror, but it also means that there is little distinction between "us" and "them" - in fact, the "us and them" distinction may not really exist, at least not on a biological or psychological level (if we are truly essentially ...
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...Science Research Council website.
http://www.ssrc.org/sept11/essays/mccauley.htm
2) How a Terrorist Thinks , from Clear Direction, Inc. website.
http://www.cleardirection.com/docs/articles/terrorist.asp
3) The Mind of the Terrorist Fundamentalist , site is kind of scary looking.
http://www.meaningsoflife.com/book.htm
4) Long, David E. The Anatomy of Terrorism. New York: The Free Press, 1990.
5) Rapoport, David C. Inside Terrorist Organizations. London: Frank Cass Publishers, 2001.
6) What Makes Serial Killers Tick? , from Court TV's Crime Library website.
http://www.crimelibrary.com/serial_killers/notorious/tick/victims_1.html
7) Freedman, Lawrence. Superterrorism Policy Responses. Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2002.
8) Thought Police Peek Into Brains , from Wired News website.
http://www.wired.com/news/business/0,1367,47221,00.html
In today’s society the word “terrorism” has gone global. We see this term on television, in magazines and even from other people speaking of it. In their essay “Controlling Irrational Fears After 9/11”, published in 2002, Clark R. Chapman and Alan W. Harris argue that the reaction of the American officials, people and the media after the attacks of 9/11 was completely irrational due to the simple fact of fear. Chapman and Harris jump right into dismembering the irrational argument, often experienced with relationships and our personal analysis. They express how this argument came about from the terrorist being able to succeed in “achieving one major goal, which was spreading fear” among the American people (Chapman & Harris, para.1). The supporters of the irrational reaction argument state that because “Americans unwittingly cooperated with the terrorist in achieving the major goal”, the result was a widespread of disrupted lives of the Americans and if this reaction had been more rational then there would have been “less disruption in the lives of our citizens” (Chapman & Harris, para. 1).
Although considered the day Rock ‘n’ Roll was born, many other events in American history have given foundation to this much loved idea. Rock ‘n’ Roll is much more than just music, rather it is the movement which underlines cultural imperialism. Rock had been promoting a culture of comfort and freedom from social constraints as well. Although the style of ‘Rock music’ is easily adaptable into many different sounds, it is still thoroughly identified by its definingly amplified rhythm. The sudden worldwide popularity of rock and roll resulted in an unparalleled social impact. Rock ‘n’ Roll influenced lifestyles, fashion, attitudes, and language in a way few other social developments have equaled. The social impact is so large that rock stars are worshipped worldwide. In its early years, many adults condemned the style of music, placing a stigma on its name, and forbid their children from listening and following its ways. Many considered Rock ‘n’ Roll culture as a bad influence to all people, but as the genre aged and the now not-so-young crowds had matured, Rock was respected and
Classic rock albums had really art on them. Nowadays there is always some trashy looking guy or girl on the front and it’s just saddening. There was always something new. There was never the same looking album cover on and album. Now all of the album covers look the same.
I believe that the history of rock and roll demonstrates a link between culture and social class race, and age; by the way a genre brings all the people in these different categories into one big group. When rock and roll began to emerge people from different cultures and social classes started to come together as a group by the way they dressed. It was not only the music but also the fashion it brought along with it. People from this era changed the way they dressed, styled their hair and their means of transportation. This brought together people from different cultures and social class, race and age all together.
Rock and roll is a style of music that has roots traced all the way back to the 1800s. It is made up of jazz, blues, folk, country, and rhythm and blues. The rhythm and blues contribution to rock originated from the African American culture (??). Performers like Chuck Berry, Ray Charles, and Little Richard aided in the formation of rock and roll music. The generation that was highly impacted by this new sound was the baby booming population that arose after World War II ended. Black and white teenagers loved every aspect of rock and roll and listened to the music together at the staged concerts Alan Freed created. These young adolescents played a major role in the desegregation movements of the 1960’s and learned a great deal of information from their folk icons Woody Guthrie and Bob Dylan. This new form of music gave them new freedom, thoughts, and expression. Middle aged and older adults would say that the creation and evolution of rock and roll corrupted their children or the youth they saw on the streets. Many believed that rock and roll did not corrupt the young it revolutionized them. Rock and roll desegregated young African Americans and whites, it gave a new way for adolescents to express themselves, and it created a new way for the youth to be involved in social or political causes.
The issue of race was one of the reasons for the rejection of early Rock and Roll. In addition, the birth of the Civil Right movement coincided with the explosion of this genre. It was a moment where Black people were beginning to identify and assert themselves racially (Altschuler 36). With various Supreme Court judgments (Brown v. Board of Education) ruling in favor of integration, segregationist whites viewed Rock and Roll as a symbol of Black empowerment and progression through the social hierarchy. As a result, the KKK and other white supremacist organizations began to openly preach exaggerated consequences of listening to this newly created “jungle music” (37). They feared that listening to it would cause the white youth to lose their sense of humanity and dignity. Therefore, the resistance to this genre, which was highly enjoyed by whi...
From it’s slow suggestive tunes to it’s loud and wild beats this music allowed people to go wild with a new kind of swing.“Appalled by the new styles of dance the movement evoked, churches proclaimed it Satan 's music (America Rocks and Rolls) .” Expressing oneself was, and still is/is, the core of rock music and this thrilled the youths because they got to show themselves in a way no one else had before. From the music to the dance moves to the clothes, rock and roll was all about showing off oneself. It was a great breather from before when it was all about fitting in. During the rock and roll era the flamboyantse clothes were the tip top if fashion and was worn by celebrities and fans alike. Rock became itsflamboyant clothing and itsthe clothing became rock. ”It is apparent from Garofalo’s earlier quote that rock ’n’ roll in the 1950s is held to be a watershed moment in the rise to prominence of African American sounds in the pop mainstream. “ Opening up isn’t easy especially with all the segregation that was going on then. The earlier forms of music like jazz and the blues were bringing popularity to the African American community, but they were still considered lower than those with the lighter skinned people. They were fighting for equality and all those feelings transferred to their famous music too. When blues and jazz evolved to rock and roll, those feelings were still there and people of all colors were attracted to it. The more popularity rock gathered, the less, people could stay away and in the end, rock and roll spread like wildfire until it was nationwide. Opening up meant having people listen to and understanding the feelings of another, and those chaotic feelings became the music we know and love today called rock and roll. the melodies of rock created a perfect way to do
It is therefore imperative that the fight against terrorism focuses on preventive rather than reactive strategies that involve understanding how terrorism works and what can be done to prevent terror attacks. One way of achieving this is through learning the psychology of terrorist group recruitment. Understanding this psychology is important as it will raise awareness to the general public to understand how terrorists are recruited and how they can avoid being recruited into terrorist organizations. In addition, anti-terrorist groups and policy experts may use this knowledge to develop interventions or policies that discourage and prevent terrorist group recruitment. This paper will focus on the psychology of terrorist group recruitment and the discussions will be summarized at the end.
After going some of their darkest times, the people of Rwanda learned that nothing good came out of the genocide; nothing got better. Despite all the horrors that they had been through, Rwandans didn’t disperse to new lands or try to finish what was started, instead, they rose from the ashes and became one united force. They forgave those who had done wrong. Immaculee is a prime example of this. She met one of the Hutus who had brutally murdered her family, and even attempted to kill her. “I flinched, letting out an involuntary gasp. Semana looked at me, stunned by my reaction and confused by the tears streaming down my face. He grabbed Felicien (the killer) by the shirt collar and hauled him to his feet. “What do you have to say to her? What do you have to say to Immaculee?” Felicien was sobbing. I could feel his shame. He looked up at me for only a moment, but our eyes met. I reached out, touched his hands lightly, and quietly said what I’d come to say. “I forgive you.””. Kindness like this in the aftermath ended up being much more common than one might suspect. Everybody was tired of the hurt, tired of the pain, so they did the only other thing they could think of… forgive. The Rwandan Genocide in all is such an empowering event because of how devastating it was. There was so much hate, anger, and grief that consumed these people to commit such saddening acts. The genocide serves in
Reich, W. (1998). Origins of Terrorism: Psychologies, Ideologies, Theologies, States of Mind. Washington, D.C.: The Woodrow Wilson center Press.
There a small but clear differences between domestic terrorism and international terrorism, that difference is where the terrorist act is planned, supported, and carried out. In the case of domestic terrorism, the act must be planned, supported, and carried out all within the boundaries of the United States. The domestic terrorists must also be domicile to the United States and not be current foreign nationals at the time of the act. If the terrorist act is committed with help from a foreign group, planned or supported in a foreign country or committed by foreign nationals inside the boundaries of the U.S., then the attack may be international terrorism. The 9/11 attack was a clear act of international terrorism as it was planned, supported,
In Rwanda at the beginning of the genocide the population was about 6 million people. Hutus took up much more of a population then Tutsis did (Hutu 85 percent and Tutsi 15 percent). Both of these ethnic groups were similar having the same culture and even talking the same language. The big distinction between these two groups didn’t come forward until the European colonialism. The Belgians favored the Tutsis because of their dominate European characters which were a tall and thin build compared to the short and stocky Hutus. Thus Belgians gave all of the jobs high in position to the Tutsis.
Michael Walzer is an esteemed retired professor from the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. Walzer has written many books, essays, and articles. His essay, Excusing Terror, is one that best relates to the current events happening around the world. In this essay, Walzer talks about different reasons that people would want to resort to terrorism. In this essay I will argue Walzers view on Terrorism is correct in that terrorism is wrong because it is akin to murder, it is random in who it targets, and no one has immunity. I will also offer an objection to Walzer’s theory and explain why it is not a valid one.
It has been nearly 20 years since the horrible and inhuman atrocities of the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda that engulfed the lives of more than a million in three months. Because of this, Rwanda has embarked on eminent hardships but the only way towards national unity is reconciliation and the processes of forgiveness. This national endeavor that was initially aimed at restoring national unity, strengthening national values and reclaiming Rwandese common identity and dignity, has achieved commendable successes. The reason behind this slow but progressive journey is attributed to mechanisms and social justice approaches that were applied in Rwanda. These mechanisms were meant to redress inherent identity crises’ and conflicts that lived and spread amongst the Rwandan population since the advent of colonial era and well before.
Davis, Paul B. "The Terrorist Mentality." Cerebrum: The Dana Forum on Brain Science 3.3 (2001): 22-23. The Dana Press. Web. 23 May 2011. .